Surat
Al-'Insān (The Man) - سورة الانسان
[In
the Name of ALLAH, the ENTIRELY MERCIFUL, the ESPECIALLY MERCIFUL]
76:1
هَلْ أَتَىٰ
عَلَى الْإِنسَانِ حِينٌ مِّنَ الدَّهْرِ لَمْ يَكُن شَيْئًا مَّذْكُورًا
Pronunciation
Hal
ata AAala al-insani heenunmina addahri lam yakun shay-an mathkoora
Translation
Has
there [not] come upon man a period of time when he was not a thing [even]
mentioned?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Has
there [ever] been — there has indeed [been] — for man, Adam, a period of time,
forty years, in which he was a thing unmentioned? — he was during this [period]
a fashioned in clay and not mentioned; alternatively what is meant by insān,
‘man’, is the generic noun and by hīn, ‘a period of time’, the period of
gestation.
إِنَّا خَلَقْنَا
الْإِنسَانَ مِن نُّطْفَةٍ أَمْشَاجٍ نَّبْتَلِيهِ فَجَعَلْنَاهُ سَمِيعًا
بَصِيرًا
Pronunciation
Inna
khalaqna al-insanamin nutfatin amshajin nabtaleehi fajaAAalnahusameeAAan
baseera
Translation
Indeed,
We created man from a sperm-drop mixture that We may try him; and We made him
hearing and seeing.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Verily
We created man, the species, from a drop of mixed fluid, [from] a mixture, that
is from the [seminal] fluid of the man and the [ovarian] fluid of the woman
that have mixed and blended, so that We may test him, trying him with the moral
obligations [of religion] (nabtalīhi is either a new sentence [‘We will test
him’], or an implied circumstantial qualifier, meaning ‘intending to test him
when he is ready’). So We made him, for that [very] reason, hearing, seeing.
إِنَّا
هَدَيْنَاهُ السَّبِيلَ إِمَّا شَاكِرًا وَإِمَّا كَفُورًا
Pronunciation
Inna
hadaynahu assabeelaimma shakiran wa-imma kafoora
Translation
Indeed,
We guided him to the way, be he grateful or be he ungrateful.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Verily
We have guided him to the way, We have pointed out to him the path of guidance
by sending messengers [to mankind], whether he be grateful, that is to say,
[whether he be] a believer, or ungrateful (both [shākiran and kafūran] are
circumstantial qualifiers referring to the direct object; in other words, We
have pointed out to him in both presupposed states, whether his gratefulness or
his unthankfulness; immā is used to list the ‘states’).
إِنَّا
أَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَافِرِينَ سَلَاسِلَ وَأَغْلَالًا وَسَعِيرًا
Pronunciation
Inna
aAAtadna lilkafireenasalasila waaghlalan wasaAAeera
Translation
Indeed,
We have prepared for the disbelievers chains and shackles and a blaze.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
We
have assuredly prepared for the disbelievers chains, with which they are
dragged through the Fire, and fetters, around their necks to which the chains
will be attached, and a hell-fire, a fire set ablaze, burning fiercely, in
which they shall be chastised.
إِنَّ
الْأَبْرَارَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِن كَأْسٍ كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا كَافُورًا
Pronunciation
Inna
al-abrara yashraboona min ka/sinkana mizajuha kafoora
Translation
Indeed,
the righteous will drink from a cup [of wine] whose mixture is of Kafur,
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Truly
the righteous (abrār is the plural of barr or bārr), namely, the obedient ones,
will drink from a cup (ka’s is a vessel for drinking wine and this [wine] will
be in it; what is meant is [that they will drink] from ‘wine’, [a case where]
the actuality is referred to by the name of the locus [in which it is found];
min, ‘from, is partitive) whose mixture, that with which it is mixed, is
camphor;
عَيْنًا يَشْرَبُ
بِهَا عِبَادُ اللَّهِ يُفَجِّرُونَهَا تَفْجِيرًا
Pronunciation
AAaynan
yashrabu biha AAibaduAllahi yufajjiroonaha tafjeera
Translation
A
spring of which the [righteous] servants of Allah will drink; they will make it
gush forth in force [and abundance].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
a
spring (‘aynan substitutes for kāfūran), containing the scent thereof, from
which the servants of God, His friends, drink, making it gush forth
plenteously, directing it to wherever they wish of their dwellings.
يُوفُونَ
بِالنَّذْرِ وَيَخَافُونَ يَوْمًا كَانَ شَرُّهُ مُسْتَطِيرًا
Pronunciation
Yoofoona
binnathri wayakhafoonayawman kana sharruhu mustateera
Translation
They
[are those who] fulfill [their] vows and fear a Day whose evil will be
widespread.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
fulfil their vows, [pledged] in obedience to God, and fear a day the evil of
which will be widespread.
وَيُطْعِمُونَ
الطَّعَامَ عَلَىٰ حُبِّهِ مِسْكِينًا وَيَتِيمًا وَأَسِيرًا
Pronunciation
WayutAAimona
attaAAamaAAala hubbihi miskeenan wayateeman waaseera
Translation
And
they give food in spite of love for it to the needy, the orphan, and the
captive,
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they give food, despite [their] love of it, that is to say, [despite their
love] of food and their craving for it, to the needy, the poor, and the orphan,
who does not have a father, and the prisoner, meaning the one who has been
rightly imprisoned.
إِنَّمَا
نُطْعِمُكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ لَا نُرِيدُ مِنكُمْ جَزَاءً وَلَا شُكُورًا
Pronunciation
Innama
nutAAimukum liwajhi Allahila nureedu minkum jazaan wala shukoora
Translation
[Saying],
"We feed you only for the countenance of Allah . We wish not from you
reward or gratitude.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
‘We
feed you only for the sake of God, seeking His reward. We do not desire any
reward from you, nor any thanks: this contains the reason for the giving of the
food. Now, do they actually say this, or is it that God knows this [to be true]
of them and has thus praised them by [mentioning] it? The two are different
opinions [regarding this matter].
إِنَّا نَخَافُ
مِن رَّبِّنَا يَوْمًا عَبُوسًا قَمْطَرِيرًا
Pronunciation
Inna
nakhafu min rabbinayawman AAaboosan qamtareera
Translation
Indeed,
We fear from our Lord a Day austere and distressful."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Indeed
we fear from our Lord a day of frowning, one in which faces scowl, in other
words, a horrid day to observe on account of its severity, calamitous’, severe
in that respect.
فَوَقَاهُمُ
اللَّهُ شَرَّ ذَٰلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَلَقَّاهُمْ نَضْرَةً وَسُرُورًا
Pronunciation
Fawaqahumu
Allahu sharra thalikaalyawmi walaqqahum nadratan wasuroora
Translation
So
Allah will protect them from the evil of that Day and give them radiance and
happiness
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
God
has therefore shielded them from the evil of that day, and has granted them
radiance, fairness and resplendence in their faces, and joy.
وَجَزَاهُم بِمَا
صَبَرُوا جَنَّةً وَحَرِيرًا
Pronunciation
Wajazahum
bima sabaroojannatan wahareera
Translation
And
will reward them for what they patiently endured [with] a garden [in Paradise]
and silk [garments].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
He has rewarded them for their patience, for their steadfastness in refraining
from disobedience, with a Garden, into which they are admitted, and silk, which
they are given to wear;
مُّتَّكِئِينَ
فِيهَا عَلَى الْأَرَائِكِ ۖ لَا يَرَوْنَ
فِيهَا شَمْسًا وَلَا زَمْهَرِيرًا
Pronunciation
Muttaki-eena
feeha AAala al-ara-ikila yarawna feeha shamsan wala zamhareera
Translation
[They
will be] reclining therein on adorned couches. They will not see therein any
[burning] sun or [freezing] cold.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
reclining
(muttaki’īna is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of the
implicit [verb] udkhilūhā, ‘they are admitted into it’) therein upon couches
(arā’ik are beds inside canopies). They will not find (lā yarawna is a second
circumstantial qualifier) therein either sun or bitter cold, neither heat nor
cold; but it is also said that zamharīr means ‘the moon’, and so, in other
words, it [means that it] will be bright without any sun or moon.
وَدَانِيَةً
عَلَيْهِمْ ظِلَالُهَا وَذُلِّلَتْ قُطُوفُهَا تَذْلِيلًا
Pronunciation
Wadaniyatan
AAalayhim thilaluhawathullilat qutoofuha tathleela
Translation
And
near above them are its shades, and its [fruit] to be picked will be lowered in
compliance.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
close (dāniyatan is a supplement to the [syntactical] locus of the clause lā
yarawna, in other words, [it is a supplement to the import] ghayra rā’īna) over
them will be its shades, its trees, and its clusters [of fruits] will hang low,
its fruits will brought close, so that they are reached by the one standing,
the one sitting or the one lying down.
وَيُطَافُ
عَلَيْهِم بِآنِيَةٍ مِّن فِضَّةٍ وَأَكْوَابٍ كَانَتْ قَوَارِيرَا
Pronunciation
Wayutafu
AAalayhim bi-aniyatinmin fiddatin waakwabin kanat qawareera
Translation
And
there will be circulated among them vessels of silver and cups having been
[created] clear [as glass],
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they will be waited upon from all around them, in it, with vessels of silver,
and goblets (akwāb are cups without handles) of crystal —
قَوَارِيرَ مِن
فِضَّةٍ قَدَّرُوهَا تَقْدِيرًا
Pronunciation
Qawareera
min fiddatinqaddarooha taqdeera
Translation
Clear
glasses [made] from silver of which they have determined the measure.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
crystal
of silver, that is, they are made of silver which is transparent like crystal —
which they, that is, the ones passing around them [in service], have measured
in a precise measure, according to the measure required by the one drinking it,
neither more nor less, which makes for a most delightful drink.
وَيُسْقَوْنَ
فِيهَا كَأْسًا كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا زَنجَبِيلًا
Pronunciation
Wayusqawna
feeha ka/san kanamizajuha zanjabeela
Translation
And
they will be given to drink a cup [of wine] whose mixture is of ginger
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they will be given to drink therein a cup, wine, whose mixture, that with which
it is mixed, is ginger,
عَيْنًا فِيهَا
تُسَمَّىٰ سَلْسَبِيلًا
Pronunciation
AAaynan
feeha tusammasalsabeela
Translation
[From]
a fountain within Paradise named Salsabeel.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
a
spring (‘aynan substitutes for zanjabīlan, ‘ginger’) therein named Salsabīl,
meaning that its water is like ginger, which the Arabs find very tasteful, [and
which is] very palatable for the throat.
وَيَطُوفُ
عَلَيْهِمْ وِلْدَانٌ مُّخَلَّدُونَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ حَسِبْتَهُمْ لُؤْلُؤًا
مَّنثُورًا
Pronunciation
Wayatoofu
AAalayhim wildanunmukhalladoona itha raaytahum hasibtahum lu/lu-anmanthoora
Translation
There
will circulate among them young boys made eternal. When you see them, you would
think them [as beautiful as] scattered pearls.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they will be waited upon by immortal youths, [immortally] in the form of
youths, never ageing, whom, when you see them you will suppose them, because of
their beauty and the way in which they are scattered about [offering] service,
to be scattered pearls, [strewn] from their string, or from their shells, in
which they are fairer than [when they, the pearls, are] otherwise [not in their
shells].
وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ
ثَمَّ رَأَيْتَ نَعِيمًا وَمُلْكًا كَبِيرًا
Pronunciation
Wa-itha
raayta thamma raaytanaAAeeman wamulkan kabeera
Translation
And
when you look there [in Paradise], you will see pleasure and great dominion.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
when you look there, that is to say, when you begin to look about in Paradise,
you will see (ra’ayta is the response to idhā, ‘when’) bliss, that is
indescribable, and a great kingdom, vast, without limit.
عَالِيَهُمْ
ثِيَابُ سُندُسٍ خُضْرٌ وَإِسْتَبْرَقٌ ۖ وَحُلُّوا
أَسَاوِرَ مِن فِضَّةٍ وَسَقَاهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ شَرَابًا طَهُورًا
Pronunciation
AAaliyahum
thiyabu sundusinkhudrun wa-istabraqun wahulloo asawira minfiddatin wasaqahum
rabbuhum sharaban tahoora
Translation
Upon
the inhabitants will be green garments of fine silk and brocade. And they will
be adorned with bracelets of silver, and their Lord will give them a purifying
drink.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Upon
them (‘āliyahum is in the accusative as an adverbial clause, and constitutes
the predicate of a subject that will follow; a variant reading has ‘ālīhim as a
subject, with what follows as its predicate; the suffixed pronoun [-hum] denotes
those persons to whom the supplement refers) will be garments of fine green
silk and [heavy] silk brocade (sundus is fine silk and constitutes the outer
cushion, while istabraq is coarse silk and constitutes the inner lining; either
read thiyābu sundusin khudrun wa’stabraqin or thiyābu sundusin khudrin
wa’stabraqun, or thiyābu sundusin khudrun wa’stabraqun, or wa-thiyābu sundusin
khudrin wa’stabraqin). And they will be adorned with bracelets of silver —
elsewhere it is stated, ‘of gold’, in order to show that they will be adorned
with both types at the same time or separately — and their Lord will give them
a pure drink to drink (tahūran, ‘pure’, is intended as a hyperbolic
qualification of its purity and cleanness, in contrast to the wine of this world).
إِنَّ هَٰذَا
كَانَ لَكُمْ جَزَاءً وَكَانَ سَعْيُكُم مَّشْكُورًا
Pronunciation
Inna
hatha kana lakum jazaanwakana saAAyukum mashkoora
Translation
[And
it will be said], "Indeed, this is for you a reward, and your effort has
been appreciated."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
‘Verily
this, bliss, is a reward for you, and your endeavour has been appreciated’.
إِنَّا نَحْنُ
نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ تَنزِيلًا
Pronunciation
Inna
nahnu nazzalnaAAalayka alqur-ana tanzeela
Translation
Indeed,
it is We who have sent down to you, [O Muhammad], the Qur'an progressively.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Assuredly
We (nahnu reiterates the subject of innā, ‘assuredly, for the purpose of
emphasis; alternatively it is a separating pronoun) have revealed the Qur’ān to
you as a gradual revelation (tanzīlan is the predicate of inna, ‘assuredly’),
in other words, We have divided it into parts instead of not revealing it all
at once.
فَاصْبِرْ
لِحُكْمِ رَبِّكَ وَلَا تُطِعْ مِنْهُمْ آثِمًا أَوْ كَفُورًا
Pronunciation
Fasbir
lihukmi rabbikawala tutiAA minhum athiman aw kafoora
Translation
So
be patient for the decision of your Lord and do not obey from among them a
sinner or ungrateful [disbeliever].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
submit patiently to your Lord’s decree, to you to deliver His Message, and do
not obey of them, that is, [of] the disbelievers, any sinner or disbeliever,
namely, ‘Utba b. Rabī‘a and al-Walīd b. al-Mughīra — both of whom said to the
Prophet (s), ‘Abandon this affair of yours!’; it is also possible that what is
meant is every sinner or disbeliever, in other words, ‘Do not obey any of
these, whichever of the two he may be, in what he may summon you to of sin or
disbelief’.
وَاذْكُرِ اسْمَ
رَبِّكَ بُكْرَةً وَأَصِيلًا
Pronunciation
Wathkuri
isma rabbikabukratan waaseela
Translation
And
mention the name of your Lord [in prayer] morning and evening
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
mention the Name of your Lord, during prayer, at dawn and with the declining of
the sun, that is, at dawn (fajr), noon (zuhr) and in the afternoon (‘asr);
وَمِنَ اللَّيْلِ
فَاسْجُدْ لَهُ وَسَبِّحْهُ لَيْلًا طَوِيلًا
Pronunciation
Wamina
allayli fasjud lahu wasabbihhulaylan taweela
Translation
And
during the night prostrate to Him and exalt Him a long [part of the] night.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
prostrate to Him for a portion of the night, that is, at after sunset (maghrib)
and at night (‘ishā’), and glorify Him the length of the night: perform
supererogatory prayers during it, as mentioned above, for either two thirds, a
half or a third of it.
إِنَّ هَٰؤُلَاءِ
يُحِبُّونَ الْعَاجِلَةَ وَيَذَرُونَ وَرَاءَهُمْ يَوْمًا ثَقِيلًا
Pronunciation
Inna
haola-i yuhibboonaalAAajilata wayatharoona waraahum yawmanthaqeela
Translation
Indeed,
these [disbelievers] love the immediate and leave behind them a grave Day.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Assuredly
these love the transitory [life], this world, and leave behind them a
burdensome day, an awful [one], namely, the Day of Resurrection, not working
towards it.
نَّحْنُ
خَلَقْنَاهُمْ وَشَدَدْنَا أَسْرَهُمْ ۖ وَإِذَا شِئْنَا
بَدَّلْنَا أَمْثَالَهُمْ تَبْدِيلًا
Pronunciation
Nahnu
khalaqnahum washadadnaasrahum wa-itha shi/na baddalna amthalahumtabdeela
Translation
We
have created them and strengthened their forms, and when We will, We can change
their likenesses with [complete] alteration.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
We
created them and made firm their frames, their limbs and their joints, and,
whenever We will, We can completely replace them with others like them, in
terms of their created form, in place of them, by destroying them (tabdīlan,
‘completely’, is for emphasis; idhā, ‘when’, functions in the sense of in,
‘if’, similar to [where God says in several places], in yasha’ yudhhibkum, If
He will, He can take you away [cf. Q. 14:19]; but because He, exalted be He,
has not willed this, it has not happened thus far).
إِنَّ هَٰذِهِ
تَذْكِرَةٌ ۖ فَمَن شَاءَ اتَّخَذَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِ سَبِيلًا
Pronunciation
Inna
hathihi tathkiratun famanshaa ittakhatha ila rabbihi sabeela
Translation
Indeed,
this is a reminder, so he who wills may take to his Lord a way.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
This,
sūra, is indeed a reminder, an admonition for [all] creatures. Let him who
will, then, choose a way to his Lord, a path, through obedience.
وَمَا تَشَاءُونَ
إِلَّا أَن يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا
Pronunciation
Wama
tashaoona illa anyashaa Allahu inna Allaha kanaAAaleeman hakeema
Translation
And
you do not will except that Allah wills. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and
Wise.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But
you will not (tashā’ūna, may also be read yashā’ūna, ‘they will’), choose a way
through obedience, unless God wills, this. Assuredly God is ever Knower, of His
creatures, Wise, in what He does.
يُدْخِلُ مَن
يَشَاءُ فِي رَحْمَتِهِ ۚ وَالظَّالِمِينَ
أَعَدَّ لَهُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا
Pronunciation
Yudkhilu
man yashao fee rahmatihiwaththalimeena aAAadda lahum AAathabanaleema
Translation
He
admits whom He wills into His mercy; but the wrongdoers - He has prepared for
them a painful punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
admits whomever He will into His mercy, His Paradise, namely, the believers;
and as for the evildoers (al-zālimīna is in the accusative because of an
implied verb, that is to say, a‘adda, ‘He has prepared’, as explained by [what
follows]), He has prepared for them a painful chastisement — these are the
disbelievers.
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