Selected Hadith Regarding Saum/Sawm/Fast/Roja
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 1, Book 2: Belief, Number 7:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar (R.A):
ALLAH [S.W.T]'s Apostle [S.A.W.S] said: Islam is based on (the following) five (principles):
1. To testify that none has the right to be worshipped but ALLAH [S.W.T] and Muhammad [S.A.W.S] is ALLAH [S.W.T]'s Apostle.
2. To offer the (compulsory congregational) prayers dutifully and perfectly.
3. To pay Zakat (i.e. obligatory charity).
4. To perform Hajj. (i.e. Pilgrimage to Mecca
5. To observe fast during the month of Ramadan.
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 1, Book 12: Characteristics of Prayer, Number 804:
Narrated Abu Huraira (R.A):
Some poor people came to the Prophet [S.A.W.S] and said, "The wealthy people will get higher grades and will have permanent enjoyment and they pray like us and fast as we do. They have more money by which they perform the Hajj, and 'Umra; fight and struggle in ALLAH [S.W.T]'s cause and give in charity." The Prophet [S.A.W.S] said, "Shall I not tell you a thing upon which if you acted you would catch up with those who have surpassed you? Nobody would overtake you and you would be better than the people amongst whom you live except those who would do the same. Say "Subhan-ALLAH", "Alhamdu-lillah" and "Allahu Akbar" thirty three times each after every (compulsory) prayer." We differed and some of us said that we should say, "Subhan-ALLAH" thirty three times and "Alhamdu lillah" thirty three times and "Allahu Akbar" thirty four times. I went to the Prophet [S.A.W.S] who said, "Say, "Subhan-ALLAH" and "Alhamdu-lillah" and "Allahu Akbar" all together for thirty three times."
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 16, Book 5: Zakat (Kitab Al-Zakat), Number 2198:
Abu Dharr (R.A) reported:
Some of the people from among the Companions (R.A) of the Apostle of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] said to him: Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S], the rich have taken away (air the) reward. They observe prayer as we do; they keep the fasts as we keep, and they give Sadaqa out of their surplus riches. Upon this he (the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S]) said: Has ALLAH [S.W.T] not prescribed for you (a course) by following which you can (also) do sadaqa? In every declaration of the Glorification of ALLAH [S.W.T] (i.e. saying Subhan ALLAH) there is a Sadaqa, and every Takbir (i.e. saying ALLAHU Akbar) is a sadaqa, and every Praise of HIS (saying al-Hamdu Lillah) is a Sadaqa and every declaration that HE is ONE (La illha ill-ALLAH) is a sadaqa, and enjoining of good is a sadaqa, and forbidding of that which is evil is a Sadaqa, and in man's sexual Intercourse (with his wife,) there is a Sadaqa. They (the Companions (R.A)) said: Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S], is there reward for him who satisfies his sexual passion among us? He said: Tell me, if he were to devote it to something forbidden, would it not be a sin on his part? Similarly, if he were to devote it to something lawful, he should have a reward.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 16, Book 5: Zakat (Kitab Al-Zakat), Number 2199:
'A'isha (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: Every one of the children of Adam (P.B.U.H) has been created with three hundred and sixty joints; so he who declares the Glory of ALLAH [S.W.T], Praises ALLAH [S.W.T], declares ALLAH [S.W.T] to be ONE, Glorifies ALLAH [S.W.T], and seeks Forgiveness from ALLAH [S.W.T], and removes stone, or thorn, or bone from people's path, and enjoins what is good and forbids from evil, to the number of those three hundred and sixty-four, will walk that day having removed himself from Hell.
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 118:
Narrated Abu Huraira (R.A):
ALLAH [S.W.T]'s Apostle [S.A.W.S] said, "Fasting is a shield (or a screen or a shelter). So, the person observing fasting should avoid sexual relation with his wife and should not behave foolishly and impudently, and if somebody fights with him or abuses him, he should tell him twice, 'I am fasting." The Prophet [S.A.W.S] added, "By HIM in WHOSE Hands my soul is, the smell coming out from the mouth of a fasting person is better in the sight of ALLAH [S.W.T] than the smell of musk. (ALLAH [S.W.T] says about the fasting person), 'He has left his food, drink and desires for MY sake. The fast is for ME. So I will reward (the fasting person) for it and the reward of good deeds is multiplied ten times."
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 120:
Narrated Sahl (R.A):
The Prophet [S.A.W.S] said, "There is a gate in Paradise called Ar-Raiyan, and those who observe fasts will enter through it on the Day of Resurrection and none except them will enter through it. It will be said, 'Where are those who used to observe fasts?' They will get up, and none except them will enter through it. After their entry the gate will be closed and nobody will enter through it."
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 121:
'Narrated Abu Huraira (R.A):
ALLAH [S.W.T]'s Apostle [S.A.W.S] said, "Whoever gives two kinds (of things or property) in charity for ALLAH [S.W.T]'s Cause, will be called from the gates of Paradise and will be addressed, 'O slaves of ALLAH [S.W.T]! Here is prosperity.' So, whoever was amongst the people who used to offer their prayers, will be called from the gate of the prayer; and whoever was amongst the people who used to participate in Jihad, will be called from the gate of Jihad; and whoever was amongst those who used to observe fasts, will be called from the gate of Ar-Raiyan; whoever was amongst those who used to give in charity, will be called from the gate of charity." Abu Bakr (R.A) said, "Let my parents be sacrificed for you, O ALLAH [S.W.T]'s Apostle [S.A.W.S]! No distress or need will befall him who will be called from those gates. Will there be any one who will be called from all these gates?" The Prophet [S.A.W.S] replied, "Yes, and I hope you will be one of them."
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 123:
Narrated Abu Huraira (R.A):
ALLAH [S.W.T]'s Apostle [S.A.W.S] said, "When the month of Ramadan starts, the gates of the heaven are opened and the gates of Hell are closed and the devils are chained."
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 127:
Narrated Abu Huraira (R.A):
The Prophet [S.A.W.S] said, "Whoever does not give up forged speech and evil actions, ALLAH [S.W.T] is not in need of his leaving his food and drink (i.e. ALLAH [S.W.T] will not accept his fasting.)"
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 129:
Narrated 'Alqama (R.A):
While I was walking with 'Abdullah (R.A) he said, "We were in the company of the Prophet [S.A.W.S] and he said, 'He who can afford to marry should marry, because it will help him refrain from looking at other women, and save his private parts from looking at other women, and save his private parts from committing illegal sexual relation; and he who cannot afford to marry is advised to fast, as fasting will diminish his sexual power."
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 142:
Narrated 'Aisha (R.A):
Bilal (R.A) used to pronounce the Adhan at night, so ALLAH [S.W.T]'s Apostle [S.A.W.S] said, "Carry on taking your meals (eat and drink) till Ibn Um Maktum (R.A) pronounces the Adhan, for he does not pronounce it till it is dawn.
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 196:
Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'As (R.A):
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Apostle [S.A.W.S] said to me, "O 'Abdullah (R.A)! Have I not been informed that you fast during the day and offer prayers all the night?" 'Abdullah (R.A) replied, "Yes, O ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Apostle [S.A.W.S]!" The Prophet [S.A.W.S] said, "Don't do that; fast for few days and then give it up for few days, offer prayers and also sleep at night, as your body has a right on you, and your wife has a right on you, and your guest has a right on you. And it is sufficient for you to fast three days in a month, as the reward of a good deed is multiplied ten times, so it will be like fasting throughout the year." I insisted (on fasting) and so I was given a hard instruction. I said, "O ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Apostle [S.A.W.S]! I have power." The Prophet [S.A.W.S] said, "Fast like the fasting of the Prophet David (P.B.U.H) and do not fast more than that." I said, "How was the fasting of the Prophet of ALLAH [S.W.T], David (P.B.U.H)?" He said, "Half of the year," (i.e. he used to fast on every alternate day). Afterwards when 'Abdullah (R.A) became old, he used to say, "It would have been better for me if I had accepted the permission of the Prophet [S.A.W.S] (which he gave me i.e. to fast only three days a month)."
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 206:
Narrated Abu Huraira (R.A):
I heard the Prophet [S.A.W.S] saying, "None of you should fast on Friday unless he fasts a day before or after it."
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 211:
Narrated Abu 'Ubaid (R.A) (the slave of Ibn Azhar):
I witnessed the 'Id with 'Umar bin Al-Kattab (R.A) who said, ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Apostle [S.A.W.S] has forbidden people to fast on the day on which you break fasting (the fasts of Ramadan) and the day on which you eat the meat of your sacrifices (the first day of 'Id ul Fitr and 'Id ul-Adha).
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 224:
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (R.A):
I never saw the Prophet [S.A.W.S] seeking to fast on a day more (preferable to him) than this day, the day of 'Ashura', or this month, i.e. the month of Ramadan.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 6, Book 1: Faith (Kitab Al Iman), Number 0018:
It is narrated on the authority of ('Abdullah) son of Umar (R.A):
That the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S] said: (The superstructure of) al-Islam is raised on five (pillars), i.e. the oneness of ALLAH [S.W.T], the establishment of prayer, payment of Zakat, the, fast of Ramadan, Pilgrimage (to Mecca
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 4, Book 5: Zakat (Kitab Al-Zakat), Number 2149:
Ibn Umar (R.A) said:
That ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] prescribed the payment of Zakat-ul-Fitr (on breaking the fast) of Ramadan for people, for every freeman, or slave, male and female among the Muslims-one sa' of dried dates, or one sa' of barley.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 4, Book 5: Zakat (Kitab Al-Zakat), Number 2151:
Ibn 'Umar (R.A) said:
That the Apostle of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] prescribed the Sadaqa of Ramadan (Sadaqat-al-Fitr) one sa' of dates or one sa' of barley for every free man or a slave, male or female, and then the people equalised (one sa' of dates or barley) with half a sa' of wheat.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 4, Book 5: Zakat (Kitab Al-Zakat), Number 2152:
Abdullah b. Umar (R.A) reported:
That the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] ordered the (payment of) Zakat-ul-Fitr one sa' of dates, or one sa' of barley. Ibn 'Umar ('Abdullah b. 'Umar (R.A)) further said: The people equalised it (then) with two mudds of fine wheat.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 5, Book 5: Zakat (Kitab Al-Zakat), Number 2159:
Ibn 'Umar (R.A) reported:
That the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] ordered that the Sadaqat-ulFitr should be paid before the people go out for prayer.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 2, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2374:
Ibn Umar (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: The month is thus, and thus, and thus, and he flapped his hands with all their fingers twice but at the third turn, folded his right thumb or left thumb (in order to give an idea of twenty-nine).
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 2, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2381:
Abu Huraira (R.A) narrated:
That the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] made a mention of the new moon and (in this connection) said: Observe fast when you see it (the new moon) and break fast when you see it (the new moon of Shawwal), but when (the actual position of the month is) concealed from you (on account of cloudy sky), then count thirty days.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 3, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2382:
Abu Huraira (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: Do not observe fast for a day, or two days ahead of Ramadan except a person who is in the habit of observing a particular fast; he may fast on that day.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 8, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2409:
Samura b. Jundub (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: The Adhan of Bilal may not mislead you with regard to your food at the commencement of the fast, nor the vertical (streaks) of whiteness in the horizon (for it is an indication of false dawn). You should stop eating (food) till (the whiteness) spreads like it. Hammad (R.A) narrated it and with the gesture of his hand he explained, the horizontal position (of the streaks of light).
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 9, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2412:
Anas (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: Take meal a little before dawn, for there is a blessing in taking meal at that time.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 9, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2415:
Zaid b. Thabit (R.A) said:
We took meal shortly before dawn along with the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S]. We then stood up for prayer. I said: How much span of time was there between the two (acts, i.e. taking of Sahri and observing of prayer)? He said (a span of reciting) fifty verses.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 9, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2417:
Sahl b. Sa'd (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: The people will continue to prosper as long as they hasten the breaking of the fast.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 9, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2420:
Abu 'Atiyya (R.A) reported:
I and Misruq (R.A) went to 'A'isha (R.A) and Masruq (R.A) said to her: There are two persons among the Companions of Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] none of whom abandons the good, but one of them hastens to observe sunset prayer and break the fast, and the other delays in observing the sunset prayer and in breaking the fast, whereupon she said: Who hastens to observe sunset prayer and break the fast? He said: It is 'Abdullah (R.A). Upon this she said: This is how the Messenger of ALLAH [S.A.W.S] used to do.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 10, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2421:
'Umar (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: When the night approaches and the day retreats and the sun sinks down, then the observer of the fast should break it. Ibn Numair (R.A) made no mention of the word "then".
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 10, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2423:
Ibn Abi Aufa (R.A) reported:
We were with the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] on a journey. When the sun sank he said to a person: Get down and prepare barley meal for us. Upon this he said: Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S], let there be dusk. (He the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S]) said: Get down and prepare barley meal for us. He (the person) said: There is still (the light of) day upon us. (But) he got down (in obedience to the command of the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S]) and prepared a barley meal for him and he (the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S]) drank that (liquid meal) and then said: When you see the night approaching from that side (west) (and he pointed towards the east with his hand), then the observer of the fast should break it.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 11, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2430:
Abu Huraira (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: Abstain from Saum-Wisal. They (his Companions (R.A)) said: Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S], but you observe Saum Wisal. Upon this he said: You are not like me in this matter, for I spend my night (in a state) that my LORD feeds me and provides me drink. Devote yourselves to the deeds (the burden of which) you can bear.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 11, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2433:
Anas (R.A) reported:
The Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] was observing prayer during Ramadan. I came and stood by his side. Then another man came and he stood likewise till we became a group. When the Apostle of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] perceived that we were behind him, he lightened the prayer. He then went to his abode and observed such (a long) prayer (the like of which) he never observed with us. When it was morning we said to him: Did you perceive us during the night? Upon this he said: Yes, it was this (realization) that induced me to do that which I did. He (the narrator) said: The Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] began to observe Saum Wisal at the end of the month (of Ramadan), and some persons among his Companions (R.A) began to observe this uninterrupted fast, whereupon the Apostle of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] said: What about such persons who observe uninterrupted fasts? You are not like me. By ALLAH [S.W.T] if the month were lengthened for me, I would have observed Saum Wisal, so that those who act with an exaggeration would (have been obliged) to abandon their exaggeration.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 11, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2434:
Anas (R.A) reported:
That the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] observed Saum Wisal during the early part of the month of Ramadan. The people among Muslims also observed uninterrupted fast. This (news) reached him (the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S]) and he said: Had the month been lengthened for me I would have continued observing Saum Wisal, so that those who act with forced hardness would (have been obliged) to abandon it. You are not like me (or he said): I am not like you. I continue to do so (in a state) that my LORD feeds me and provides me drink.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 17, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2488:
'A'isha (R.A) reported:
That Hamza b. Amr al-Aslami (R.A) asked the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] thus: Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S], I am a person devoted much to fasting. Should I fast during the journey? He (the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S]) said: Fast if you like and break it if you like.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 19, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2504:
Abdullah b. 'Umar (R.A) reported:
That (the Arabs of) pre-Islamic days used to observe fast on the day of Ashura and the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] observed it and the Muslims too (observed it) before fasting in Ramadan became obligatory. But when it became obligatory, the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] said: 'Ashura is one of the days of ALLAH [S.W.T], so he who wished should observe fast and he who wished otherwise should abandon it.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 19, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2520:
Ibn'Abbas (R.A) reported:
That the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] arrived in Medina
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 19, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2524:
Ibn Abbas (R.A) was asked about observing of fast on the day of Ashura, whereupon he said:
I do not know ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] singling out any day's fast and considering it more excellent than another, except this day (the day of Ashura) and this month, meaning the month of Ramadan.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 19, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2526:
Hakam b. al-'Araj (R.A) reported:
I went to Ibn 'Abbas (R.A) and he was reclining using his mantle as a pillow near the fountain of Zamzam. I said to him: Tell me about fasting on Ashura. He said: When you see the new moon of Muharram then count the (days) and observe fast on the 9th. I said to him: Is it how the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] observed the fast? He said: Yes.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 19, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2528:
Ibn 'Abbas (R.A) reported:
That when the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] fasted on the day of 'Ashura and commanded that it should he observed as a fast, they (his Companions (R.A)) said to him: Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S], it is a day which the Jews and Christians hold in high esteem. Thereupon the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] said: When the next year comes, ALLAH willing, we would observe fast on the 9th. But the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] died before the advent of the next year.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 26, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2553:
'A'isha (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: If anyone dies in a state (that he had to complete) some fasts, his heir must fast on his behalf.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 26, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2557:
Ibn Abbas (R.A) reported:
A woman came to the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] and said: Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S], my mother has died and there is due from her a fast of vow; should I fast on her behalf? Thereupon he said: You see that if your mother had died in debt, would it not have been paid on her behalf? She said: Yes. He (the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S]) said: Then observe fast on behalf of your mother.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 28, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2570:
Abu Sa'id al Khudri (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: Every servant of ALLAH [S.W.T] who observes fast for a day in the way of ALLAH [S.W.T], ALLAH [S.W.T] would remove, because of this day, his face farther from the Fire (of Hell) to the extent of seventy years' distance.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 29, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2573:
'A'isha (R.A), the Mother of the Believers, reported:
That one day the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] said to me: 'A'isha (R.A), have you anything (to eat)? I said: 'Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S], there is nothing with us. Thereupon he said: I am observing fast. She said: The Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] went out, and there was a present, for us and (at the same time) some visitors dropped in. When the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] came back, I said to him: Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S], a present was given to us, (and in the meanwhile) there came to us visitors (a major Portion of it has been spent on them), but I have saved something for you. He said: What is it? I said: It is hais (a compound of dates and clarified butter). He said: Bring that. So I brought it to him and he ate it and then said: I woke up in the morning observing fast. Talha (R.A) said: I narrated this hadith to Mujahid (R.A) and he said: This (observing of voluntary fast) is like a person who sets apart Sadaqa out of his wealth. He may spend it if he likes, or he may retain it if he so likes.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 30, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2575:
Abu Huraira (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: If anyone forgets that he is fasting and eats or drinks he should complete his fast, for it is only ALLAH [S.W.T] WHO has fed him and given him drink.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 31, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2581:
Abu Salama (R.A) reported:
I asked 'A'isha (R.A) about the fasting of the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S]. She said: He used to observe fast (at times so continuously) that we said: He has fasted (never to break), and he did not observe fast till we said: He has given up perhaps never to fast, and I never saw him observing (voluntary fasts) more in any other month than that of Sha'ban. (It appeared as if) he observed fast throughout the whole of Sha'ban except a few (days).
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 31, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2582:
'A'isha (R.A) reported:
The Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] did not observe fast in any month of the year more than in the month of Sha'ban, and used to say: Do as many deeds as you are capable of doing, for ALLAH [S.W.T] will not become weary (of giving you reward), but you would be tired (of doing good deeds); and he also said: The deed liked most by ALLAH [S.W.T] is one to which the doer adheres constantly even if it is small.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 32, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2596:
'Abdullah b. 'Amr b. al-'As (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: The best fasting in the eye of ALLAH [S.W.T] is that of David (P.B.U.H), for he fasted for half of the age (he fasted on alternate days), and the best prayer in the eye of ALLAH [S.W.T], the Exalted and Majestic, is that of David (P.B.U.H), for he slept for half of the night and then stood for prayer and then again slept. He prayed for one-third of the night after midnight. He (the narrator) said: I asked 'Amr b. Dinar (R.A) whether 'Amr b. Aus (R.A) said: That he stood for prayer one-third of the night after midnight. He said: Yes.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 32, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2600:
Mu'adha al-'Adawiyya (R.A) reported:
That she asked 'A'isha (R.A), the wife of the Apostle of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S], whether the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] observed fasts for three days during every month. She said: Yes I said to her: Which were (the particular) days of the month on which he observed fast? She said: He was not particular about the days of the month on which to observe fast.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 33, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2603:
Abu Qatada al-Ansari (R.A) reported:
That the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] was asked about his fasting. The Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] felt annoyed. Thereupon 'Umar (R.A) said: We are pleased with ALLAH [S.W.T] as the LORD, with Islam as our Code of Life, with Muhammad [S.A.W.S] as the Messenger and with our pledge (to you for willing and cheerful submission) as a (sacred) commitment. He was then asked about perpetual fasting, whereupon he said: He neither fasted nor did he break it, or he did not fast and he did not break it. He was then asked about fasting for two days and breaking one day. He (the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S]) said: And who has strength enough to do it? He was asked about fasting for a day and breaking for two days, whereupon he said: May ALLAH [S.W.T] bestow upon us strength to do it. He was then asked about fasting for a day and breaking on the other, whereupon he said: That is the fasting of my brother David (P.B.U.H). He was then asked about fasting on Monday, whereupon he said: It was the day on which I was born, on which I was commissioned with Prophethood or Revelation was sent to me, (and he further) said: Three days' fasting every month and of the whole of Ramadan every year is a perpetual fast. He was asked about fasting on the day of 'Arafa (9th of Dhu'I-Hijja), whereupon he said: It expiates the sins of the preceding year and the coming year. He was asked about fasting on the day of 'Ashura (10th of Muharram), whereupon be said: It expiates the sins of the preceding year. (Imam Muslim (R.A) said: That in this hadith there is a) narration of Imam Shu'ba (R.A) that he was asked about fasting on Monday and Thursday, but we (Imam Muslim (R.A)) did not mention Thursday for we found it as an error (in reporting).
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 34, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2608:
Imran b. Husain (R.A) reported:
That ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Apostle [S.A.W.S] said to a person: Did you observe any fast in the middle of this month (Sha'ban)? He said: No. Thereupon the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] said: Fast for two days instead of (one fast) when you have completed (fasts of) Ramadan.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 35, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2612:
Abu Huraira (R.A) reported:
That he (the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S]) was asked as to which prayer was most excellent after the prescribed prayer, and which fast was most excellent after the month of Ramadan. He said: Prayer offered in the middle of the night and the most excellent fast after (fasting) in the month of Ramadan is the fast in ALLAH [S.W.T]'s month al-Muharram.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 36, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2614:
Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: He who observed the fast of Ramadan and then followed it with six (fasts) of Shawwal. It would be as if he fasted perpetually.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 38, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2637:
Abdullah b. Umar (R.A) reported:
That the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] used to observe i'tikaf in the last ten days of Ramadan. Nafi' (R.A) said: Abdullah (R.A) showed me the place in the mosque where the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] used to observe i'tikaf.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 40, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2643:
'A'isha (R.A) reported:
That when the last ten nights began ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] kept awake at night (for prayer and devotion), wakened his family, and prepared himself to observe prayer (with more vigor).
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 41, Book 6: Fasting (Kitab Al-Sawm), Number 2645:
'A'isha (R.A) reported:
I never saw the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] fasting in the ten days of Dhu'I-Hijja.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 9, Book 7: Pilgrimage (Kitab Al-Hajj), Number 2735:
Ka'b b. 'Ujra reported:
That the Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] stood near him and lice were falling from his head. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S]) said: Do these vermins trouble you? I said: Yes. Thereupon he said: Then shave your head; and it was in connection with me that this verse was revealed: "Whoever among you is sick or has an ailment of the head, he (may effect) a compensation by fasting or alms or a sacrifice". He (the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S], therefore) said to me: Observe fast for three days or give a quantity of alms enough to feed six needy persons or offer sacrifice (of an animal) that is available.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 21, Book 7: Pilgrimage (Kitab Al-Hajj), Number 2832:
Abdullah b. 'Umar (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] observed Tamattu' in Hajjat-ul-Wada'. He first put on Ihram for 'Umra and then for Hajj and then offered animal sacrifice. So he drove the sacrificial animals with him from Dhu'l-Hulaifa. ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] commenced Ihram of Umra and thus pronounced Talbiya for 'Umra and then (put on Ihram for Hajj) and pronounced Talbiya for Hajj. And the people performed Tamattu' in the company of ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S]. They put on Ihram for Umra (first) and then for Hajj. Some of them had sacrificial animals which they had brought with them, whereas some of them had none to sacrifice. So when ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] came to Mecca, he said to the people: He who amongst you has brought sacrificial animals along with him must not treat as lawful anything which has become unlawful for him till he has completed the Hajj; and he, who amongst you has not brought the sacrificial animals should circumambulate the House, and run between al-Safa' and al-Marwa and clip (his hair) and put off the Ihram, and then again put on the Ihram for Hajj and offer sacrifice of animals. But he who does not find the sacrificial animal, he should observe fast for three days during the Hajj and for seven days when he returns to his family. ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] circumambulated (the House) when he came to Mecca
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 1, Book 8: Marriage (Kitab Al-Nikah), Number 3233:
Abdullah (b. Mas'ud) (R.A) reported:
That ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] said to us: O young men, those among you who can support a wife should marry, for it restrains eyes (from casting evil glances) and preserves one from immorality; but he who cannot afford It should observe fast for it is a means of controlling the sexual desire.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 3, Book 18: Pertaining To Judicial Decisions (Kitab Al-Aqdiyya), Number 4255:
Abu Huraira (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: Verily ALLAH [S.W.T] likes three things for you and HE disapproves three things for you. HE is pleased with you that you worship HIM and associate nor anything with HIM, that you hold fast the rope of ALLAH [S.W.T], and be not scattered; and HE disapproves for you irrelevant talk, persistent questioning and the wasting of wealth.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 29, Book 20: On Government (Kitab Al-Imara), Number 4636:
It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira (R.A) who said:
The Messenger of ALLAH [S.W.T] [S.A.W.S] was asked: What deed could be an equivalent of Jihad in the way of ALLAH [S.W.T], the Almighty and Exalted? He answered: You do not have the strength to do that deed. The narrator said: They repeated the question twice or thrice. Every time he answered: You do not have the strength to do it. When the question was asked for the third time, he said: One who goes out for Jihad is like a person who keeps fasts, stands in prayer (constantly), (obeying) ALLAH [S.W.T]’s (behests contained in) the verses (of the Qur'an), and does not exhibit any lassitude in fasting and prayer until the Mujihid returns from Jihad in the way of ALLAH [S.W.T], the Exalted.
Sahih Muslim: Chapter 13, Book 32: Virtue, Good Manners And Joining Of The Ties Of Relationship (Kitab Al-Birr Wa'S-Salat-I-Wa'L-Adab), Number 6251:
Abu Huraira (R.A) reported:
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Messenger [S.A.W.S] as saying: Do you know who is poor? They (the Companions (R.A) of the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S]) said: A poor man amongst us is one who has neither dirham with him nor wealth. He (the Holy Prophet [S.A.W.S]) said: The poor of my Ummah would be he who would come on the Day of Resurrection with prayers and fasts and Zakat but (he would find himself bankrupt on that day as he would have exhausted his funds of virtues) since he hurled abuses upon others, brought calumny against others and unlawfully consumed the wealth of others and shed the blood of others and beat others, and his virtues would be credited to the account of one (who suffered at his hand). And if his good deeds fall short to clear the account, then his sins would be entered in (his account) and he would be thrown in the Hell-Fire.
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 32: Praying at Night in Ramadaan (Taraweeh), Number 227:
Narrated Abu Huraira (R.A):
ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Apostle [S.A.W.S] said, "Whoever prayed at night the whole month of Ramadan out of sincere Faith and hoping for a reward from ALLAH [S.W.T], then all his previous sins will be Forgiven." Ibn Shihab (R.A) (a sub-narrator) said, "ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Apostle [S.A.W.S] died and the people continued observing that (i.e. Nawafil offered individually, not in congregation), and it remained as it was during the Caliphate of Abu Bakr (R.A) and in the early days of 'Umar (R.A)'s Caliphate." 'Abdur Rahman bin 'Abdul Qari (R.A) said, "I went out in the company of 'Umar bin Al-Khattab (R.A) one night in Ramadan to the mosque and found the people praying in different groups. A man praying alone or a man praying with a little group behind him. So, 'Umar (R.A) said, 'In my opinion I would better collect these (people) under the leadership of one Qari (Reciter) (i.e. let them pray in congregation!)'. So, he made up his mind to congregate them behind Ubai bin Ka'b (R.A). Then on another night I went again in his company and the people were praying behind their reciter. On that, 'Umar (R.A) remarked, 'What an excellent Bid'a (i.e. innovation in religion) this is; but the prayer which they do not perform, but sleep at its time is better than the one they are offering.' He meant the prayer in the last part of the night. (In those days) people used to pray in the early part of the night."
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 31: Fasting, Number 125:
Narrated Abu Huraira (R.A):
The Prophet [S.A.W.S] said, "Whoever established prayers on the night of Qadr out of sincere faith and hoping for a reward from ALLAH [S.W.T], then all his previous sins will be forgiven; and whoever fasts in the month of Ramadan out of sincere Faith, and hoping for a reward from ALLAH [S.W.T], then all his previous sins will be forgiven."
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 32: Praying at Night in Ramadaan (Taraweeh), Number 232:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar (R.A):
Some men amongst the companions of the Prophet [S.A.W.S] were shown in their dreams that the night of Qadr was in the last seven nights of Ramadan. ALLAH [S.W.T]’s Apostle [S.A.W.S] said, "It seems that all your dreams agree that (the Night of Qadr) is in the last seven nights, and whoever wants to search for it (i.e. the Night of Qadr) should search in the last seven (nights of Ramadan)."
Sahih Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 32: Praying at Night in Ramadaan (Taraweeh), Number 238:
Narrated Ibn Abbas (R.A):
The Prophet [S.A.W.S] said, "Look for the Night of Qadr in the last ten nights of Ramadan,' on the night when nine or seven or five nights remain out of the last ten nights of Ramadan (i.e. 21, 23, 25, respectively)."
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