Surat
Al-'Aĥqāf (The Wind-Curved Sandhills) - سورة الأحقاف
[In
the Name of ALLAH, the ENTIRELY MERCIFUL, the ESPECIALLY MERCIFUL]
46:1
حم
Pronunciation
Ha-meem
Translation
Ha,
Meem.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Hā
mīm: God knows best what He means by these [letters].
تَنزِيلُ
الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ
Pronunciation
Tanzeelu
alkitabi mina AllahialAAazeezi alhakeem
Translation
The
revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
revelation of the Book, the Qur’ān (tanzīlu’l-kitābi, the subject) is from God
(mina’Llāhi, the predicate thereof), the Mighty, in His kingdom, the Wise, in
His actions.
مَا خَلَقْنَا
السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَأَجَلٍ
مُّسَمًّى ۚ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا عَمَّا أُنذِرُوا
مُعْرِضُونَ
Pronunciation
Ma
khalaqna assamawatiwal-arda wama baynahuma illabilhaqqi waajalin musamman
wallatheenakafaroo AAamma onthiroo muAAridoon
Translation
We
did not create the heavens and earth and what is between them except in truth
and [for] a specified term. But those who disbelieve, from that of which they
are warned, are turning away.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
We
have not created the heavens and the earth and all that is between them except,
as a creation, in truth, so that it may be an indication of Our power and Our
Oneness, and for an appointed term, until [the point of] their annihilation on
the Day of Resurrection. Yet those who disbelieve are disregardful of what they
are warned, [of what] they are threatened with in the way of [impending]
chastisement.
قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُم
مَّا تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ أَرُونِي مَاذَا خَلَقُوا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ أَمْ
لَهُمْ شِرْكٌ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ ۖ ائْتُونِي
بِكِتَابٍ مِّن قَبْلِ هَٰذَا أَوْ أَثَارَةٍ مِّنْ عِلْمٍ إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ
Pronunciation
Qul
araaytum ma tadAAoona min dooniAllahi aroonee matha khalaqoo mina al-ardiam
lahum shirkun fee assamawati eetooneebikitabin min qabli hatha aw atharatin
minAAilmin in kuntum sadiqeen
Translation
Say,
[O Muhammad], "Have you considered that which you invoke besides Allah?
Show me what they have created of the earth; or did they have partnership in
[creation of] the heavens? Bring me a scripture [revealed] before this or a
[remaining] trace of knowledge, if you should be truthful."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say:
‘Have you considered, [say] Inform me [about], what you invoke, [what] you
worship, besides God?, namely, the idols (min dūni’Llāhi, constitutes the first
object [of the verb]). Show me — inform me — (arūnī, [repeated] for emphasis),
what they have created (mādhā khalaqū, the second object) of the earth
(mina’l-ardi, the explication of mā, ‘what [part]’). Or do they have any share,
any partnership, in, the creation of, the heavens?, with God? (am, ‘or’, has
the significance of the [rhetorical interrogative] hamza of denial). Bring me a
scripture, [that has been] revealed, before this, Qur’ān, or some vestige, some
remnant, of knowledge, transmitted from the ancients confirming the soundness
of your claim that your worship of the idols brings you closer to God, if you
are truthful’, in your claim.
وَمَنْ أَضَلُّ
مِمَّن يَدْعُو مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَن لَّا يَسْتَجِيبُ لَهُ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ
الْقِيَامَةِ وَهُمْ عَن دُعَائِهِمْ غَافِلُونَ
Pronunciation
Waman
adallu mimman yadAAoo min dooniAllahi man la yastajeebu lahu ila
yawmialqiyamati wahum AAan duAAa-ihim ghafiloon
Translation
And
who is more astray than he who invokes besides Allah those who will not respond
to him until the Day of Resurrection, and they, of their invocation, are
unaware.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
who is (man here is interrogative but meant [rhetorically] as a negation: in
other words, ‘no one is’) further astray than him who invokes, [him who]
worships, besides God, that is to say, other than Him, such as would not
respond to him [even] until the Day of Resurrection — these are the idols, who
never answer those who worship them in anything that they ask for — and who are
heedless of their supplication?, their worship, because they are inanimates
that possess no [faculty of] comprehension.
وَإِذَا حُشِرَ
النَّاسُ كَانُوا لَهُمْ أَعْدَاءً وَكَانُوا بِعِبَادَتِهِمْ كَافِرِينَ
Pronunciation
Wa-itha
hushira annasukanoo lahum aAAdaan wakanoo biAAibadatihimkafireen
Translation
And
when the people are gathered [that Day], they [who were invoked] will be
enemies to them, and they will be deniers of their worship.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
when mankind are gathered, they, the idols, will be enemies to them, to those
who had worshipped them, and they will deny, they will disavow, their worship,
the worship of those who had worshipped them.
وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ
عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا بَيِّنَاتٍ قَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِلْحَقِّ لَمَّا
جَاءَهُمْ هَٰذَا سِحْرٌ مُّبِينٌ
Pronunciation
Wa-itha
tutla AAalayhim ayatunabayyinatin qala allatheena kafaroo lilhaqqilamma jaahum
hatha sihrun mubeen
Translation
And
when Our verses are recited to them as clear evidences, those who disbelieve
say of the truth when it has come to them, "This is obvious magic."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
when Our signs, the Qur’ān, are recited to them, namely, [to] the people of
Mecca, being clear signs, manifest [signs] (bayyinātin is a circumstantial
qualifier), those who disbelieve, from among them, say of the truth, that is,
the Qur’ān, when it comes to them, ‘This is plain sorcery!’, clear and evident
[sorcery].
أَمْ يَقُولُونَ
افْتَرَاهُ ۖ قُلْ إِنِ افْتَرَيْتُهُ فَلَا تَمْلِكُونَ لِي
مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا ۖ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ
بِمَا تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِ ۖ كَفَىٰ بِهِ
شَهِيدًا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ ۖ وَهُوَ
الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ
Pronunciation
Am
yaqooloona iftarahu qul iniiftaraytuhu fala tamlikoona lee mina Allahi
shay-anhuwa aAAlamu bima tufeedoona feehi kafa bihishaheedan baynee wabaynakum
wahuwa alghafooru arraheem
Translation
Or
do they say, "He has invented it?" Say, "If I have invented it, you
will not possess for me [the power of protection] from Allah at all. He is most
knowing of that in which you are involved. Sufficient is He as Witness between
me and you, and He is the Forgiving the Merciful."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Or
(am has the significance of bal, ‘nay, but …’ and the [rhetorical
interrogative] hamza of denial) do they say, ‘He has invented it?’, that is,
the Qur’ān. Say: ‘If I have invented it, hypothetically [speaking], still you
would have no power to avail me against God, that is to say, against His
chastisement, in any way, in other words, you would not be able to ward it off
from me if God chooses to chastise me. He knows best what you delve into [of
gossip] concerning it, what you say about the Qur’ān. He, exalted be He,
suffices as a witness between me and you. And He is the Forgiving, to the one
who repents, the Merciful’, to him, and so He does not hasten to punish you.
قُلْ مَا كُنتُ
بِدْعًا مِّنَ الرُّسُلِ وَمَا أَدْرِي مَا يُفْعَلُ بِي وَلَا بِكُمْ ۖ إِنْ أَتَّبِعُ
إِلَّا مَا يُوحَىٰ إِلَيَّ وَمَا أَنَا إِلَّا نَذِيرٌ مُّبِينٌ
Pronunciation
Qul
ma kuntu bidAAan mina arrusuliwama adree ma yufAAalu bee wala bikum inattabiAAu
illa ma yooha ilayya wamaana illa natheerun mubeen
Translation
Say,
"I am not something original among the messengers, nor do I know what will
be done with me or with you. I only follow that which is revealed to me, and I
am not but a clear warner."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say:
‘I am not a novelty, unprecedented, among the messengers, that is to say, [I am
not] the first to be sent [by God as His Messenger]. Already many of them have
come before me, so how can you deny me? Nor do I know what will be done with me
or with you, in this world: will I be made to leave my [native] land, or will I
be slain as was done with [some] prophets before me, or will you stone me to
death, or will the earth be made to swallow you as [it did] deniers before you?
I only follow what is revealed to me, that is, the Qur’ān, and I do not invent
anything myself. And I am only a plain warner’, one whose warning is plain.
قُلْ
أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِن كَانَ مِنْ عِندِ اللَّهِ وَكَفَرْتُم بِهِ وَشَهِدَ شَاهِدٌ
مِّن بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَىٰ مِثْلِهِ فَآمَنَ وَاسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ ۖ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Qul
araaytum in kana min AAindi Allahiwakafartum bihi washahida shahidun min banee
isra-eelaAAala mithlihi faamana wastakbartum innaAllaha la yahdee alqawma
aththalimeen
Translation
Say,
"Have you considered: if the Qur'an was from Allah , and you disbelieved
in it while a witness from the Children of Israel has testified to something
similar and believed while you were arrogant... ?" Indeed, Allah does not
guide the wrongdoing people.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say:
‘Have you considered?, [say:] inform me, what will be your predicament, if it,
the Qur’ān, is from God and you disbelieve in it (wa-kafartum bihi, the
sentence is a circumstantial qualifier), and a witness from the Children of
Israel has [already] testified, this was ‘Abd Allāh b. Salām, to the like of
it, that is to say, to it [the Qur’ān], that it is from God, and he, the
witness, has believed [in it], while you act with arrogance …’, you are
disdainful of faith (the response to the conditional [‘if …’] is given [by
implication] in what has been supplemented to it, in other words: ‘Would you
not then be [considered] wrongdoers?’; this [understanding of the response] is
indicated by [what follows]). Truly God does not guide wrongdoing folk’.
وَقَالَ
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَوْ كَانَ خَيْرًا مَّا سَبَقُونَا
إِلَيْهِ ۚ وَإِذْ لَمْ يَهْتَدُوا بِهِ فَسَيَقُولُونَ
هَٰذَا إِفْكٌ قَدِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Waqala
allatheena kafaroolillatheena amanoo law kana khayran masabaqoona ilayhi wa-ith
lam yahtadoo bihifasayaqooloona hatha ifkun qadeem
Translation
And
those who disbelieve say of those who believe, "If it had [truly] been
good, they would not have preceded us to it." And when they are not guided
by it, they will say, "This is an ancient falsehood."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
those who disbelieve say of those who believe, that is, [they say] with regards
to them: ‘Had it, faith, been [anything] good, they would not have attained it
before us’. And since they, the ones [now] speaking, will not be guided by it,
that is, [by] the Qur’ān, they say, ‘This, that is, the Qur’ān, is an ancient
lie!’
وَمِن قَبْلِهِ
كِتَابُ مُوسَىٰ إِمَامًا وَرَحْمَةً ۚ وَهَٰذَا
كِتَابٌ مُّصَدِّقٌ لِّسَانًا عَرَبِيًّا لِّيُنذِرَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا
وَبُشْرَىٰ لِلْمُحْسِنِينَ
Pronunciation
Wamin
qablihi kitabu moosa imamanwarahmatan wahatha kitabun musaddiqunlisanan
AAarabiyyan liyunthira allatheena thalamoowabushra lilmuhsineen
Translation
And
before it was the scripture of Moses to lead and as a mercy. And this is a
confirming Book in an Arabic tongue to warn those who have wronged and as good
tidings to the doers of good.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Yet
before it, that is, [before] the Qur’ān, [there was] the Book of Moses, that
is, the Torah, as a guidepost and a mercy, for those who believed in it (imāman
wa-rahmatan are two circumstantial qualifiers) and this, Qur’ān, is a Book that
confirms, scriptures before it, in the Arabic tongue (lisānan ‘arabiyyan is a
circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of musaddiqun, ‘that
confirms’) to warn those who do wrong, the idolaters of Mecca, and, it is, good
tidings for the virtuous, the believers.
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ
قَالُوا رَبُّنَا اللَّهُ ثُمَّ اسْتَقَامُوا فَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ
يَحْزَنُونَ
Pronunciation
Inna
allatheena qaloo rabbunaAllahu thumma istaqamoo fala khawfunAAalayhim wala hum
yahzanoon
Translation
Indeed,
those who have said, "Our Lord is Allah," and then remained on a
right course - there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Assuredly
those who say, ‘Our Lord is God’ and then remain upright, in [their adherence
to] obedience, no fear will befall them, nor will they grieve.
أُولَٰئِكَ
أَصْحَابُ الْجَنَّةِ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
Pronunciation
Ola-ika
as-habualjannati khalideena feeha jazaan bimakanoo yaAAmaloon
Translation
Those
are the companions of Paradise, abiding eternally therein as reward for what
they used to do.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Those
will be the inhabitants of Paradise, abiding therein (khālidīna fīhā is a
circumstantial qualifier) as a reward (jazā’an is in the accusative as a verbal
noun, because of the implied verbal action, that is to say, yujzawna, ‘they
will be rewarded’) for what they used to do.
وَوَصَّيْنَا
الْإِنسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ إِحْسَانًا ۖ حَمَلَتْهُ
أُمُّهُ كُرْهًا وَوَضَعَتْهُ كُرْهًا ۖ وَحَمْلُهُ
وَفِصَالُهُ ثَلَاثُونَ شَهْرًا ۚ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا
بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَبَلَغَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً قَالَ رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِي أَنْ
أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ الَّتِي أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ وَعَلَىٰ وَالِدَيَّ وَأَنْ
أَعْمَلَ صَالِحًا تَرْضَاهُ وَأَصْلِحْ لِي فِي ذُرِّيَّتِي ۖ إِنِّي تُبْتُ
إِلَيْكَ وَإِنِّي مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Wawassayna
al-insanabiwalidayhi ihsanan hamalat-hu ommuhukurhan wawadaAAat-hu kurhan
wahamluhu wafisaluhuthalathoona shahran hatta ithabalagha ashuddahu wabalagha
arbaAAeena sanatan qala rabbiawziAAnee an ashkura niAAmataka allatee anAAamta
AAalayya waAAalawalidayya waan aAAmala salihan tardahuwaaslih lee fee
thurriyyatee innee tubtuilayka wa-innee mina almuslimeen
Translation
And
We have enjoined upon man, to his parents, good treatment. His mother carried
him with hardship and gave birth to him with hardship, and his gestation and
weaning [period] is thirty months. [He grows] until, when he reaches maturity
and reaches [the age of] forty years, he says, "My Lord, enable me to be
grateful for Your favor which You have bestowed upon me and upon my parents and
to work righteousness of which You will approve and make righteous for me my
offspring. Indeed, I have repented to You, and indeed, I am of the
Muslims."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We have enjoined man to be kind (husnan: a variant reading has ihsānan), that
is to say, We have commanded him to act kindly towards both of them (thus
ihsānan is in the accusative as a verbal noun, because of the implied verbal
action; the same applies to husnan) to his parents. His mother carries him in
travail, and gives birth to him in travail, that is to say, with suffering; and
his gestation and his weaning, from suckling, take thirty months, six months
being the minimum period for gestation, the remainder being the maximum period
of suckling; it is also said that, regardless of whether she bore him for six
or nine months, she should suckle him for the remainder. So that (hattā is a
[particle of] purpose for an implied sentence, that is to say, wa-‘āsha hattā,
‘and he lived on so that …’) when he is mature, namely, at his prime in terms
of his strength, intellect and reasoning, the minimum [age] for which is thirty
or thirty three years, and reaches forty years, that is, exactly [forty years],
which is the maximum for [attaining] maturity, he says, ‘My Lord!, [this] to
the end [of this verse] was revealed regarding Abū Bakr al-Siddīq, when he had
reached forty years of age, two years after the [beginning of the] Prophet’s
Mission (s). He [Abū Bakr] believed in him, whereafter his parents believed [in
the Prophet], followed by his son ‘Abd al-Rahmān, then ‘Abd al-Rahmān’s son Abū
‘Atīq [Muhammad b. ‘Abd al-Rahmān]. Inspire me to give thanks for Your favour
with which You have favoured me and my parents, namely, [the grace of]
affirming [God’s] Oneness, and that I may act righteously in a way that will
please You, thus he [Abū Bakr] emancipated nine believers who had been enduring
torture [at the hands of the idolaters] for [their belief in] God, and invest
my seed with righteousness, all of them were believers. Indeed I repent to You
and I am truly of those who submit [to You]’.
أُولَٰئِكَ
الَّذِينَ نَتَقَبَّلُ عَنْهُمْ أَحْسَنَ مَا عَمِلُوا وَنَتَجَاوَزُ عَن
سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ فِي أَصْحَابِ الْجَنَّةِ ۖ وَعْدَ
الصِّدْقِ الَّذِي كَانُوا يُوعَدُونَ
Pronunciation
Ola-ika
allatheena nataqabbaluAAanhum ahsana ma AAamiloo wanatajawazu AAansayyi-atihim
fee as-habi aljannati waAAda assidqiallathee kanoo yooAAadoon
Translation
Those
are the ones from whom We will accept the best of what they did and overlook
their misdeeds, [their being] among the companions of Paradise. [That is] the
promise of truth which they had been promised.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Those,
that is, those who say such words, Abū Bakr and others, are they from whom We
accept the best of what they do, and overlook their misdeeds, [as they stand]
among the inhabitants of Paradise (fī ashābi’ll-jannati, a circumstantial
qualifier, in other words, ‘being among them’) — [this is] the true promise which
they were promised, by His words, God has promised the believers, both men and
women, Gardens … [Q. 9:72].
وَالَّذِي قَالَ
لِوَالِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَّكُمَا أَتَعِدَانِنِي أَنْ أُخْرَجَ وَقَدْ خَلَتِ الْقُرُونُ
مِن قَبْلِي وَهُمَا يَسْتَغِيثَانِ اللَّهَ وَيْلَكَ آمِنْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ
حَقٌّ فَيَقُولُ مَا هَٰذَا إِلَّا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ
Pronunciation
Wallathee
qala liwalidayhioffin lakuma ataAAidaninee an okhraja waqad khalatialquroonu
min qablee wahuma yastagheethani Allahawaylaka amin inna waAAda Allahi
haqqunfayaqoolu ma hatha illa asateerual-awwaleen
Translation
But
one who says to his parents, "Uff to you; do you promise me that I will be
brought forth [from the earth] when generations before me have already passed
on [into oblivion]?" while they call to Allah for help [and to their son],
"Woe to you! Believe! Indeed, the promise of Allah is truth." But he
says, "This is not but legends of the former people" -
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
As
for him who says to his parents (li-wālidayhi: a variant reading has
li-wālidihi, ‘his parent’, denoting the generic noun): ‘Fie (read uffin or
uffan, as a verbal noun, meaning: ‘[something] putrid and disgusting’) on you
both: I am exasperated at both of you. Do you threaten me (a-ta‘idāninī: a
variant reading has a-ta‘idānnī) that I shall be raised, from the grave, when
already generations, communities, have passed away before me?’, and they have
not been raised from their graves. And they call on God for succour, that he
[their child] repent, saying [to him]: if you do not repent, ‘Woe to you
(waylaka, that is to say, halākaka, ‘you are ruined!’). Believe!, in
resurrection. Surely God’s promise is true’. But he says, ‘This, belief in
resurrection, is nothing but the fables of the ancients’, lies of theirs.
أُولَٰئِكَ
الَّذِينَ حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقَوْلُ فِي أُمَمٍ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِم مِّنَ
الْجِنِّ وَالْإِنسِ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا خَاسِرِينَ
Pronunciation
Ola-ika
allatheena haqqaAAalayhimu alqawlu fee umamin qad khalat min qablihim
minaaljinni wal-insi innahum kanoo khasireen
Translation
Those
are the ones upon whom the word has come into effect, [who will be] among
nations which had passed on before them of jinn and men. Indeed, they [all]
were losers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Such
are the ones against whom the Word, of chastisement, is due, is necessary,
concerning communities of jinn and humans that have passed away before them.
Truly they are losers.
وَلِكُلٍّ
دَرَجَاتٌ مِّمَّا عَمِلُوا ۖ
وَلِيُوَفِّيَهُمْ أَعْمَالَهُمْ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ
Pronunciation
Walikullin
darajatun mimmaAAamiloo waliyuwaffiyahum aAAmalahum wahum la yuthlamoon
Translation
And
for all there are degrees [of reward and punishment] for what they have done,
and [it is] so that He may fully compensate them for their deeds, and they will
not be wronged.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
for each one, of both categories, believer and disbeliever, there will be degrees
[of status] , thus the degrees of the believers in Paradise are high, while the
degrees of disbelievers in the Fire are despicable, according to what they have
done, that is to say, [according to what] believers [have done] in the way of
acts of obedience, and disbelievers, in the way of acts of disobedience, and
that He may recompense them fully, namely, God (li-yuwaffiyahum: a variant
reading has li-nuwaffiyahum, ‘that We may recompense them fully’) for their
deeds, that is, [pay them] their deserts, and they will not be wronged, [not
even] in a single thing that may be diminished for believers or increased for
disbelievers.
وَيَوْمَ
يُعْرَضُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا عَلَى النَّارِ أَذْهَبْتُمْ طَيِّبَاتِكُمْ فِي
حَيَاتِكُمُ الدُّنْيَا وَاسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهَا فَالْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ عَذَابَ
الْهُونِ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَسْتَكْبِرُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَبِمَا
كُنتُمْ تَفْسُقُونَ
Pronunciation
Wayawma
yuAAradu allatheenakafaroo AAala annari athhabtum tayyibatikumfee hayatikumu
addunya wastamtaAAtumbiha falyawma tujzawna AAathaba alhooni bimakuntum
tastakbiroona fee al-ardi bighayri alhaqqiwabima kuntum tafsuqoon
Translation
And
the Day those who disbelieved are exposed to the Fire [it will be said],
"You exhausted your pleasures during your worldly life and enjoyed them,
so this Day you will be awarded the punishment of [extreme] humiliation because
you were arrogant upon the earth without right and because you were defiantly
disobedient."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
on the day when those who disbelieve are exposed to the Fire, by its being
revealed for them, it will be said to them: ‘You squandered (read with one
hamza, adhhabtum, or with two hamzas [as an interrogative], a-adhhabtum, ‘have
you sqaundered …?’; or with one hamza, adhhabtum, or with an initial long ‘a’,
ādhhabtum, with both of these [pronounced fully] or without pronouncing the
second [hamza]) your good things during your life of the world, by preoccupying
yourselves with sensual delights, and enjoyed them. So today you will be
requited with the chastisement of humiliation in return for acting arrogantly
in the earth without right and in return for that regarding which you used to
act immorally’, and [for] the torture you used to inflict [upon others]
therein.
وَاذْكُرْ أَخَا
عَادٍ إِذْ أَنذَرَ قَوْمَهُ بِالْأَحْقَافِ وَقَدْ خَلَتِ النُّذُرُ مِن بَيْنِ
يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا اللَّهَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ
عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
Pronunciation
Wathkur
akha AAadinith anthara qawmahu bil-ahqafiwaqad khalati annuthuru min bayni
yadayhi waminkhalfihi alla taAAbudoo illa Allaha inneeakhafu AAalaykum AAathaba
yawmin AAatheem
Translation
And
mention, [O Muhammad], the brother of 'Aad, when he warned his people in the
[region of] al-Ahqaf - and warners had already passed on before him and after
him - [saying], "Do not worship except Allah . Indeed, I fear for you the
punishment of a terrible day."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
mention the brother of ‘Ād, namely, Hūd, peace be upon him, when (idh … [from
here] to the end [of the verse] constitutes an inclusive substitution) he
warned his people, he threatened them, at Ahqāf, [‘the Sand dunes’ is the name
of] a valley in Yemen, where their dwellings were located — and already
warners, messengers, had passed away before him and after him, that is to say,
before Hūd [came to them] and after him, to their peoples — saying, ‘Do not
worship anyone but God (the statement [beginning with] wa-qad khalat, ‘and
already [warners] had passed away’, is a parenthetical one). Truly I fear for
you — should you worship other than God — the chastisement of a dreadful day’.
قَالُوا
أَجِئْتَنَا لِتَأْفِكَنَا عَنْ آلِهَتِنَا فَأْتِنَا بِمَا تَعِدُنَا إِن كُنتَ
مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
aji/tana lita/fikanaAAan alihatina fa/tina bima taAAidunain kunta mina
assadiqeen
Translation
They
said, "Have you come to delude us away from our gods? Then bring us what
you promise us, if you should be of the truthful."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
said, ‘Have you come to divert us from our gods?, to turn us away from worship
of them. Then bring us what you threaten us with, of chastisement for
worshipping them, if you are of the truthful’, in [saying] that it will befall
us.
قَالَ إِنَّمَا
الْعِلْمُ عِندَ اللَّهِ وَأُبَلِّغُكُم مَّا أُرْسِلْتُ بِهِ وَلَٰكِنِّي
أَرَاكُمْ قَوْمًا تَجْهَلُونَ
Pronunciation
Qala
innama alAAilmu AAindaAllahi waoballighukum ma orsiltu bihi walakinneearakum
qawman tajhaloon
Translation
He
said, "Knowledge [of its time] is only with Allah, and I convey to you
that with which I was sent; but I see you [to be] a people behaving ignorantly."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He,
Hūd, said, ‘The knowledge is with God only, He is the One Who knows when
chastisement will befall you, and I am [merely] conveying to you what I have
been sent with, to you. But I see that you are an ignorant lot’, given your
hastening on of the chastisement.
فَلَمَّا
رَأَوْهُ عَارِضًا مُّسْتَقْبِلَ أَوْدِيَتِهِمْ قَالُوا هَٰذَا عَارِضٌ
مُّمْطِرُنَا ۚ بَلْ هُوَ مَا اسْتَعْجَلْتُم بِهِ ۖ رِيحٌ فِيهَا
عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Falamma
raawhu AAaridanmustaqbila awdiyatihim qaloo hatha AAaridunmumtiruna bal huwa ma
istaAAjaltum bihi reehunfeeha AAathabun aleem
Translation
And
when they saw it as a cloud approaching their valleys, they said, "This is
a cloud bringing us rain!" Rather, it is that for which you were
impatient: a wind, within it a painful punishment,
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Then,
when they saw it, that is, [when they saw] what chastisement [really] was, as a
sudden cloud, a cloud that appeared [out of nowhere] on the horizon, heading
towards their valleys, they said, ‘This is a cloud that will bring us rain!’.
God, exalted be He, says: Nay, but it is what you sought to hasten, of the
chastisement — a hurricane (rīhun substitutes for mā, ‘what’) containing a
painful chastisement,
تُدَمِّرُ كُلَّ
شَيْءٍ بِأَمْرِ رَبِّهَا فَأَصْبَحُوا لَا يُرَىٰ إِلَّا مَسَاكِنُهُمْ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ
نَجْزِي الْقَوْمَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Tudammiru
kulla shay-in bi-amri rabbihafaasbahoo la yura illa masakinuhumkathalika najzee
alqawma almujrimeen
Translation
Destroying
everything by command of its Lord. And they became so that nothing was seen [of
them] except their dwellings. Thus do We recompense the criminal people.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
destroying,
ruining, everything, it passes through, by the command of its Lord, by His
will, that is to say, [destroying] everything that He wants to destroy with it.
And so it destroyed their men, women, children and properties by flinging them
up into the air high above the ground and tearing them to pieces. Only Hūd and
those who believed with him remained [unscathed]. So they became such that
nothing could be seen except their dwellings. Thus, in the way that We requited
them, do We requite guilty folk, besides them.
وَلَقَدْ
مَكَّنَّاهُمْ فِيمَا إِن مَّكَّنَّاكُمْ فِيهِ وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ سَمْعًا
وَأَبْصَارًا وَأَفْئِدَةً فَمَا أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُمْ سَمْعُهُمْ وَلَا
أَبْصَارُهُمْ وَلَا أَفْئِدَتُهُم مِّن شَيْءٍ إِذْ كَانُوا يَجْحَدُونَ بِآيَاتِ
اللَّهِ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ
Pronunciation
Walaqad
makkannahum feema inmakkannakum feehi wajaAAalna lahum samAAan
waabsaranwaaf-idatan fama aghna AAanhum samAAuhum walaabsaruhum wala
af-idatuhum min shay-in ith kanooyajhadoona bi-ayati Allahi wahaqabihim ma
kanoo bihi yastahzi-oon
Translation
And
We had certainly established them in such as We have not established you, and
We made for them hearing and vision and hearts. But their hearing and vision
and hearts availed them not from anything [of the punishment] when they were
[continually] rejecting the signs of Allah ; and they were enveloped by what
they used to ridicule.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
verily We had empowered them in ways in which We have not (in is either for
negation or extra) empowered you, O people of Mecca, in the way of strength and
means, and We had vested them with ears and eyes and hearts. But their ears and
their eyes and their hearts did not avail them in any way (min shay’in: min is
extra) since (idh, is operated by aghnā, ‘avail’, and imbued with the sense of
[a particle introducing a] reason) they used to deny the signs of God, His
clear proofs, and they were besieged by, there befell them, what they used to
deride, of chastisement.
وَلَقَدْ
أَهْلَكْنَا مَا حَوْلَكُم مِّنَ الْقُرَىٰ وَصَرَّفْنَا الْآيَاتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ
يَرْجِعُونَ
Pronunciation
Walaqad
ahlakna ma hawlakummina alqura wasarrafna al-ayatilaAAallahum yarjiAAoon
Translation
And
We have already destroyed what surrounds you of [those] cities, and We have
diversified the signs [or verses] that perhaps they might return [from
disbelief].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We certainly destroyed the towns [that were] around you, that is, [We destroyed]
their inhabitants, the likes of Thamūd, ‘Ād and the people of Lot, and We
dispensed the signs, We repeated the clear proofs, so that perhaps they might
return.
فَلَوْلَا
نَصَرَهُمُ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ قُرْبَانًا آلِهَةً ۖ بَلْ ضَلُّوا
عَنْهُمْ ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ إِفْكُهُمْ وَمَا كَانُوا
يَفْتَرُونَ
Pronunciation
Falawla
nasarahumu allatheenaittakhathoo min dooni Allahi qurbanan alihatanbal dalloo
AAanhum wathalika ifkuhum wama kanooyaftaroon
Translation
Then
why did those they took besides Allah as deities by which to approach [Him] not
aid them? But they had strayed from them. And that was their falsehood and what
they were inventing.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
why did they not help them, by averting from them the chastisement, those whom
they had chosen besides God, that is to say, other than Him, as [a means of]
nearness, through whom they may secure nearness to God, to be gods?, alongside
Him, and these are the idols (the first object of ittakhadhū, ‘they had
chosen’, is the omitted pronoun referred to by the relative clause [alladhīna,
‘those who …’], and it is hum, ‘they’; qurbānan, ‘nearness’, is the second
[object], with ālihatan, ‘gods’, as its substitution). Nay, but they forsook them,
when the chastisement came down [on them], and that, that is to say, [that]
choosing of theirs of idols as gods as a means of nearness [to God], was their
lie and what they used to invent — the lies they used to speak (mā, ‘what’,
either relates to the verbal action [‘their lying’], or it indicates a relative
clause with the referential pronoun omitted, this being fīhi, ‘about’).
وَإِذْ صَرَفْنَا
إِلَيْكَ نَفَرًا مِّنَ الْجِنِّ يَسْتَمِعُونَ الْقُرْآنَ فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوهُ
قَالُوا أَنصِتُوا ۖ فَلَمَّا قُضِيَ وَلَّوْا إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِم
مُّنذِرِينَ
Pronunciation
Wa-ith
sarafna ilaykanafaran mina aljinni yastamiAAoona alqur-ana falammahadaroohu
qaloo ansitoo falammaqudiya wallaw ila qawmihim munthireen
Translation
And
[mention, O Muhammad], when We directed to you a few of the jinn, listening to
the Qur'an. And when they attended it, they said, "Listen quietly."
And when it was concluded, they went back to their people as warners.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
mention, when We sent a company of jinn your way — the jinn of Nasībīn in
Yemen, or the jinn of Nineveh, who were seven or nine, [and this was] while the
Prophet (s) was leading the dawn prayer with some of his Companions at Batn
Nakhla, as reported by the two Shaykhs [al-Bukhārī and Muslim] — to listen to
the Qur’ān and, when they were in its presence, they said, that is, they said
to one another: ‘Listen carefully!’, concentrate in order to hear it
[carefully]. Then, when it was finished, [when] he was finished reciting it,
they went back to their people to warn [them], to threaten their people with
the chastisement [from God] if they do not believe — they had been Jews, but
then become Muslims.
قَالُوا يَا
قَوْمَنَا إِنَّا سَمِعْنَا كِتَابًا أُنزِلَ مِن بَعْدِ مُوسَىٰ مُصَدِّقًا
لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْحَقِّ وَإِلَىٰ طَرِيقٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
ya qawmana innasamiAAna kitaban onzila min baAAdi moosa musaddiqanlima bayna
yadayhi yahdee ila alhaqqi wa-ilatareeqin mustaqeem
Translation
They
said, "O our people, indeed we have heard a [recited] Book revealed after
Moses confirming what was before it which guides to the truth and to a straight
path.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
said, ‘O our people! Indeed we have heard a Book, namely, the Qur’ān, which has
been revealed after Moses, confirming what was before it, what preceded it,
such as the Torah. It guides to the truth, submission [to God] (islām), and to
a straight way, that is, the way thereto [to Islam].
يَا قَوْمَنَا
أَجِيبُوا دَاعِيَ اللَّهِ وَآمِنُوا بِهِ يَغْفِرْ لَكُم مِّن ذُنُوبِكُمْ
وَيُجِرْكُم مِّنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
Pronunciation
Ya
qawmana ajeeboo daAAiyaAllahi waaminoo bihi yaghfir lakum min
thunoobikumwayujirkum min AAathabin aleem
Translation
O
our people, respond to the Messenger of Allah and believe in him; Allah will
forgive for you your sins and protect you from a painful punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
O
our people! Respond to God’s summoner, Muhammad (s), by embracing faith, and
believe in him, and He, God, will forgive you some of your sins, because some
of these [sins] are wrongs [done to others] and which [therefore] can only be
forgiven after those wronged are reconciled — and shelter you from a painful
chastisement.
وَمَن لَّا
يُجِبْ دَاعِيَ اللَّهِ فَلَيْسَ بِمُعْجِزٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مِن
دُونِهِ أَوْلِيَاءُ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ فِي ضَلَالٍ مُّبِينٍ
Pronunciation
Waman
la yujib daAAiya Allahifalaysa bimuAAjizin fee al-ardi walaysa lahu min
doonihiawliyaa ola-ika fee dalalin mubeen
Translation
But
he who does not respond to the Caller of Allah will not cause failure [to Him]
upon earth, and he will not have besides Him any protectors. Those are in
manifest error."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
whoever does not respond to God’s summoner cannot thwart God on earth, that is
to say, he will not be able to thwart God by escaping from Him and eluding Him,
and he, the one who does not respond, will not have, besides Him, that is,
[besides] God, any protectors, any helpers to ward off the chastisement from
him — those, who do not respond, are in manifest error’, plain and evident
[error].
أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا
أَنَّ اللَّهَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَلَمْ يَعْيَ
بِخَلْقِهِنَّ بِقَادِرٍ عَلَىٰ أَن يُحْيِيَ الْمَوْتَىٰ ۚ بَلَىٰ إِنَّهُ
عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
Pronunciation
Awa
lam yaraw anna Allaha allatheekhalaqa assamawati wal-ardawalam yaAAya
bikhalqihinna biqadirin AAala an yuhyiyaalmawta bala innahu AAala kulli
shay-inqadeer
Translation
Do
they not see that Allah, who created the heavens and earth and did not fail in
their creation, is able to give life to the dead? Yes. Indeed, He is over all
things competent.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Have
they not seen, [have they not] realised, that is, the deniers of resurrection,
that God, Who created the heavens and the earth and [Who] was not wearied by
their creation, [Who] did not fail therein, is able to give life to the dead?
(bi-qādirin is the predicate of anna, ‘that’, the bi- having been added to it
because the statement has the same force as [the construction]: a-laysa’Llāhu
bi-qādirin, ‘Is God not able …?’). Yes, indeed, He is able to give life to the
dead. Indeed He has is able to do all things.
وَيَوْمَ
يُعْرَضُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا عَلَى النَّارِ أَلَيْسَ هَٰذَا بِالْحَقِّ ۖ قَالُوا بَلَىٰ
وَرَبِّنَا ۚ قَالَ فَذُوقُوا الْعَذَابَ بِمَا كُنتُمْ
تَكْفُرُونَ
Pronunciation
Wayawma
yuAAradu allatheenakafaroo AAala annari alaysa hatha bilhaqqiqaloo bala
warabbina qala fathooqooalAAathaba bima kuntum takfuroon
Translation
And
the Day those who disbelieved are exposed to the Fire [it will be said],
"Is this not the truth?" They will say, "Yes, by our Lord."
He will say, "Then taste the punishment because you used to
disbelieve."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
on the day when those who disbelieve are exposed to the Fire, when they are
being chastised in it, it will be said to them: ‘Is not this, chastisement, the
truth?’ They will say, ‘Yes, by our Lord!’ He will say, ‘Then taste the
chastisement for what you used to disbelieve [in]’.
فَاصْبِرْ كَمَا
صَبَرَ أُولُو الْعَزْمِ مِنَ الرُّسُلِ وَلَا تَسْتَعْجِل لَّهُمْ ۚ كَأَنَّهُمْ
يَوْمَ يَرَوْنَ مَا يُوعَدُونَ لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا إِلَّا سَاعَةً مِّن نَّهَارٍ ۚ بَلَاغٌ ۚ فَهَلْ يُهْلَكُ
إِلَّا الْقَوْمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ
Pronunciation
Fasbir
kama sabaraoloo alAAazmi mina arrusuli wala tastaAAjil lahumkaannahum yawma
yarawna ma yooAAadoona lam yalbathoo illasaAAatan min naharin balaghun fahal
yuhlakuilla alqawmu alfasiqoon
Translation
So
be patient, [O Muhammad], as were those of determination among the messengers
and do not be impatient for them. It will be - on the Day they see that which
they are promised - as though they had not remained [in the world] except an
hour of a day. [This is] notification. And will [any] be destroyed except the
defiantly disobedient people?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
endure [with patience], the harm done [to you] by your people, just as the
resolute, those of constancy and [power of] endurance during hardships, from
among the messengers endured [with patience], before you, so that you may be
one of resolve [like them] (min [of mina’l-rusuli] is explicative, as all of
them were men of resolve; but some say that this [particle min] is [actually]
meant to be partitive, since excluded from their number are: Adam, on the basis
of God’s saying, exalted be He: And We did not find in him any constancy [Q.
20:115]; and Jonah, on the basis of His words: And do not be like the One of
the fish [Q. 68:48]). And do not seek to hasten [it] for them, for your people,
the sending down of the chastisement on them. Some say that he [the Prophet]
seemed [by this stage] to have become exasperated because of them and desired
that chastisement be sent down on them, which is why he was enjoined to
[exercise] patience and to refrain from hastening the chastisement [for them] —
for it would befall them [eventually] without doubt. It shall seem for them, on
the day when they see what they are promised, of chastisement in the Hereafter,
given its long duration, as though they had tarried, in this world, by their
reckoning, only an hour of a day. This Qur’ān is, a communication, a
proclamation from God to you. So shall any be destroyed, that is to say, none
[shall be destroyed] upon seeing the chastisement, but the immoral folk?, that
is to say, the disbelieving [folk].
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