Surat
Şād (The Letter "Saad") - سورة ص
[In
the Name of ALLAH, the ENTIRELY MERCIFUL, the ESPECIALLY MERCIFUL]
38:1
ص ۚ وَالْقُرْآنِ
ذِي الذِّكْرِ
Pronunciation
Sad
walqur-ani theeaththikr
Translation
Sad.
By the Qur'an containing reminder...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Sād:
God knows best what He means by this [letter]. By the Qur’ān bearing the
Remembrance, that is, [bearing] the Pronouncement; or [what is meant is that
the Qur’ān is a Book] of renown (the response to this oath has been omitted, in
other words: ‘It is not as the Meccan disbelievers say, that there are many
gods’).
بَلِ الَّذِينَ
كَفَرُوا فِي عِزَّةٍ وَشِقَاقٍ
Pronunciation
Bali
allatheena kafaroo fee AAizzatinwashiqaq
Translation
But
those who disbelieve are in pride and dissension.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Nay,
but those who disbelieve, from among the people of Mecca, dwell in conceit, in
self-glory and [in] disdain of faith, and defiance, disagreement with, and
enmity towards, the Prophet (s).
كَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا
مِن قَبْلِهِم مِّن قَرْنٍ فَنَادَوا وَّلَاتَ حِينَ مَنَاصٍ
Pronunciation
Kam
ahlakna min qablihim min qarninfanadaw walata heena manas
Translation
How
many a generation have We destroyed before them, and they [then] called out;
but it was not a time for escape.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
How
many — in other words, many — a generation, a community of past communities, We
have destroyed before them, and they cried out, when the chastisement was sent
down on them, when it was no longer the time for escape, that is to say, the
time was not one for fleeing (the [suffixed] tā’ [of wa-lāta] is extra; the
sentence is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of [the verb]
nādaw, ‘they cried out’) in other words, they called for help but the situation
was such that there could be no escape or deliverance; but still the Meccan
disbelievers have not taken heed from their example.
وَعَجِبُوا أَن
جَاءَهُم مُّنذِرٌ مِّنْهُمْ ۖ وَقَالَ
الْكَافِرُونَ هَٰذَا سَاحِرٌ كَذَّابٌ
Pronunciation
WaAAajiboo
an jaahum munthirunminhum waqala alkafiroona hatha sahirunkaththab
Translation
And
they wonder that there has come to them a warner from among themselves. And the
disbelievers say, "This is a magician and a liar.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they marvel that a warner has come to them from among themselves, a messenger
from among their number, to warn them and to threaten them with [the punishment
of] the Fire after resurrection — and this [warner] is the Prophet (s). And
those who disbelieve (the overt noun [al-kāfirūnā] has replaced the [third
person] pronominalisation) say, ‘This is a sorcerer, a liar.
أَجَعَلَ
الْآلِهَةَ إِلَٰهًا وَاحِدًا ۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا
لَشَيْءٌ عُجَابٌ
Pronunciation
AjaAAala
al-alihata ilahan wahidaninna hatha lashay-on AAujab
Translation
Has
he made the gods [only] one God? Indeed, this is a curious thing."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Has
he made the gods One God? — for he had said to them, ‘Say: there is no god
except God’ — in other words [they objected]: how could one god suffice for all
of creation? Lo! that is indeed a curious thing’.
وَانطَلَقَ
الْمَلَأُ مِنْهُمْ أَنِ امْشُوا وَاصْبِرُوا عَلَىٰ آلِهَتِكُمْ ۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا
لَشَيْءٌ يُرَادُ
Pronunciation
Wantalaqa
almalao minhum aniimshoo wasbiroo AAala alihatikuminna hatha lashay-on yurad
Translation
And
the eminent among them went forth, [saying], "Continue, and be patient
over [the defense of] your gods. Indeed, this is a thing intended.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
the council from among them go about, from the place of their assembly at the
house of Abū Tālib and [the place] where they heard the Prophet (s) say, ‘Say:
there is no god except God’, saying, ‘Go!, they say to one another, go, and
stand by your gods, adhere firmly to worship of them; lo! this, that has been
mentioned concerning the Oneness of God, is indeed a thing sought, from us.
مَا سَمِعْنَا
بِهَٰذَا فِي الْمِلَّةِ الْآخِرَةِ إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا اخْتِلَاقٌ
Pronunciation
Ma
samiAAna bihatha feealmillati al-akhirati in hatha illa ikhtilaq
Translation
We
have not heard of this in the latest religion. This is not but a fabrication.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
We
never heard of this in the latter-day creed, namely, the creed of Jesus. This
is surely [nothing] but an invention, [mere] lies.
أَأُنزِلَ
عَلَيْهِ الذِّكْرُ مِن بَيْنِنَا ۚ بَلْ هُمْ فِي
شَكٍّ مِّن ذِكْرِي ۖ بَل لَّمَّا يَذُوقُوا عَذَابِ
Pronunciation
Aonzila
AAalayhi aththikru minbaynina bal hum fee shakkin min thikree bal
lammayathooqoo AAathab
Translation
Has
the message been revealed to him out of [all of] us?" Rather, they are in
doubt about My message. Rather, they have not yet tasted My punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Has
the Remembrance, the Qur’ān, been revealed to him, Muhammad (s), out of [all
of] us’, when he is neither the elder nor the noblest among us? In other words,
it could not have been revealed to him (read a-unzila pronouncing both hamzas,
or not pronouncing the second one, but in both cases inserting an intervening
alif or without [this insertion]). God, exalted be He, says: Nay, but they are
in doubt concerning My Remembrance, My revelation, that is, the Qur’ān, for
they deny the one who has brought it. Nay, but they have not yet tasted My
chastisement, and if they were to taste it, they would certainly believe the
Prophet (s) in what he has brought — but then [in such a case] their belief [in
the Prophet] would be of no benefit to them.
أَمْ عِندَهُمْ
خَزَائِنُ رَحْمَةِ رَبِّكَ الْعَزِيزِ الْوَهَّابِ
Pronunciation
Am
AAindahum khaza-inu rahmatirabbika alAAazeezi alwahhab
Translation
Or
do they have the depositories of the mercy of your Lord, the Exalted in Might,
the Bestower?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Or
do they possess the treasuries of your Lord’s mercy, the Mighty, the Victor,
the Bestower?, [treasuries] such as prophethood and otherwise, so that they
might give it to whomever they want?
أَمْ لَهُم
مُّلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا ۖ فَلْيَرْتَقُوا
فِي الْأَسْبَابِ
Pronunciation
Am
lahum mulku assamawatiwal-ardi wama baynahuma falyartaqoofee al-asbab
Translation
Or
is theirs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and what is between them?
Then let them ascend through [any] ways of access.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Or
do they possess the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and whatever is
between them? If this is what they claim: Then let them ascend by the means,
[of ascension] that lead to the heaven and bring [down] some revelation (wahy)
and then assign it exclusively to whomever they wish (am in both verses
represents the [rhetorical] hamza of denial).
جُندٌ مَّا
هُنَالِكَ مَهْزُومٌ مِّنَ الْأَحْزَابِ
Pronunciation
Jundun
ma hunalika mahzoomunmina al-ahzab
Translation
[They
are but] soldiers [who will be] defeated there among the companies [of
disbelievers].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
A
routed (mahzūmun is an adjectival qualification of jundun, ‘host’) host [is all
that they are], in other words, they are [nothing but] a despicable host,
nothing more — in their denial of you — from among the factions (mina’l-ahzābi,
also an adjectival qualification of jundun) in other words, [they are] like
those hosts of factions who were in confederation against prophets before you:
these were defeated and destroyed, and likewise We shall destroy these
[people].
كَذَّبَتْ
قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَعَادٌ وَفِرْعَوْنُ ذُو الْأَوْتَادِ
Pronunciation
Kaththabat
qablahum qawmu noohinwaAAadun wafirAAawnu thoo al-awtad
Translation
The
people of Noah denied before them, and [the tribe of] 'Aad and Pharaoh, the
owner of stakes,
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Before
them the people of Noah denied (the inflection of [the verb kadhdabat,
‘denied’, that is governed by] qawmu, ‘people’, is in the feminine person
because of the [implicit] sense), and [so did those of] ‘Ād and Pharaoh, he of
the stakes — he used to fix four stakes for the person who incurred his wrath
and tie to these [stakes] that person’s hands and feet and then torture him —
وَثَمُودُ
وَقَوْمُ لُوطٍ وَأَصْحَابُ الْأَيْكَةِ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ
الْأَحْزَابُ
Pronunciation
Wathamoodu
waqawmu lootin waas-habual-aykati ola-ika al-ahzab
Translation
And
[the tribe of] Thamud and the people of Lot and the companions of the thicket.
Those are the companies.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
Thamūd and the people of Lot and the dwellers in the wood, a small forest,
namely, the people of Shu‘ayb, peace be upon him — those were the factions.
إِن كُلٌّ إِلَّا
كَذَّبَ الرُّسُلَ فَحَقَّ عِقَابِ
Pronunciation
In
kullun illa kaththaba arrusulafahaqqa AAiqab
Translation
Each
of them denied the messengers, so My penalty was justified.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Each
one, of the factions, did not but deny the messengers, for when they deny one,
they have [in effect] denied them all, since their call [to God] is [the same]
one, namely, the call to [affirmation of] His Oneness. So My retribution was
justified, [it was] necessary.
وَمَا يَنظُرُ
هَٰؤُلَاءِ إِلَّا صَيْحَةً وَاحِدَةً مَّا لَهَا مِن فَوَاقٍ
Pronunciation
Wama
yanthuru haola-iilla sayhatan wahidatan ma lahamin fawaq
Translation
And
these [disbelievers] await not but one blast [of the Horn]; for it there will
be no delay.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
these, that is, the disbelievers of Mecca, do not await but a single Cry,
namely, the Blast of the Resurrection that will herald chastisement for them,
for which there will be no revoking (read fawāq or fuwāq).
وَقَالُوا
رَبَّنَا عَجِّل لَّنَا قِطَّنَا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْحِسَابِ
Pronunciation
Waqaloo
rabbana AAajjil lanaqittana qabla yawmi alhisab
Translation
And
they say, "Our Lord, hasten for us our share [of the punishment] before the
Day of Account"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they said — after the following [verse] was revealed, As for him who is given
his book in his right hand … to the end [of the verse, Q. 69:19] — ‘Our Lord,
hasten on for us the record of our deeds before the Day of Reckoning’ — they
said this mockingly.
اصْبِرْ عَلَىٰ
مَا يَقُولُونَ وَاذْكُرْ عَبْدَنَا دَاوُودَ ذَا الْأَيْدِ ۖ إِنَّهُ
أَوَّابٌ
Pronunciation
Isbir
AAala mayaqooloona wathkur AAabdana dawooda thaal-aydi innahu awwab
Translation
Be
patient over what they say and remember Our servant, David, the possessor of
strength; indeed, he was one who repeatedly turned back [to Allah ].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
God,
exalted be He, says: Bear patiently what they say and remember Our servant
David, the one of fortitude, that is to say, [the one] of fortitude in worship:
he used to fast every other day and keep vigil for half the night, sleep for a
third and then keep vigil for the [last] sixth. Indeed he was a penitent
[soul], always returning to what pleases God.
إِنَّا
سَخَّرْنَا الْجِبَالَ مَعَهُ يُسَبِّحْنَ بِالْعَشِيِّ وَالْإِشْرَاقِ
Pronunciation
Inna
sakhkharna aljibalamaAAahu yusabbihna bilAAashiyyi wal-ishraq
Translation
Indeed,
We subjected the mountains [to praise] with him, exalting [ Allah ] in the [late]
afternoon and [after] sunrise.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Truly
We disposed the mountains to glorify [God] with him, with the same
glorification, at evening, at the time of the night prayer, and at sunrise, at
the time of the morning prayer, which is when the sun has fully risen with its
light extending everywhere.
وَالطَّيْرَ
مَحْشُورَةً ۖ كُلٌّ لَّهُ أَوَّابٌ
Pronunciation
Wattayra
mahshooratankullun lahu awwab
Translation
And
the birds were assembled, all with him repeating [praises].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
We disposed, the birds, mustered [in flocks], gathered before him, glorifying
with him; each, of the mountains and birds, turning to him, reverting to
obedience of him by glorifying [God with him].
وَشَدَدْنَا
مُلْكَهُ وَآتَيْنَاهُ الْحِكْمَةَ وَفَصْلَ الْخِطَابِ
Pronunciation
Washadadna
mulkahu waataynahualhikmata wafasla alkhitab
Translation
And
We strengthened his kingdom and gave him wisdom and discernment in speech.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We strengthened his Kingdom, We reinforced it with guards and hosts: every
night there thirty thousand men would be standing guard at his sanctuary; and
gave him wisdom, prophethood and sound judgement in [all] matters, and decisive
speech, [the ability to formulate] a satisfactory statement [for a decision] in
any endeavour.
وَهَلْ أَتَاكَ
نَبَأُ الْخَصْمِ إِذْ تَسَوَّرُوا الْمِحْرَابَ
Pronunciation
Wahal
ataka nabao alkhasmi ithtasawwaroo almihrab
Translation
And
has there come to you the news of the adversaries, when they climbed over the
wall of [his] prayer chamber -
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
has there come to you, O Muhammad (s) (the purpose of the interrogative
[indicated by hal] here is to provoke curiosity and a desire to listen to what
will follow) the tale of the disputants, when they scaled the sanctuary?,
David’s sanctuary, that is, his place of prayer, for they had been prohibited
from entering by the [front] gates because of his being engaged in worship, in
other words, [has it come to you] their tale and their account?
إِذْ دَخَلُوا
عَلَىٰ دَاوُودَ فَفَزِعَ مِنْهُمْ ۖ قَالُوا لَا
تَخَفْ ۖ خَصْمَانِ بَغَىٰ بَعْضُنَا عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ
فَاحْكُم بَيْنَنَا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا تُشْطِطْ وَاهْدِنَا إِلَىٰ سَوَاءِ
الصِّرَاطِ
Pronunciation
Ith
dakhaloo AAala dawoodafafaziAAa minhum qaloo la takhaf khasmanibagha baAAduna
AAala baAAdinfahkum baynana bilhaqqi walatushtit wahdina ila sawa-iassirat
Translation
When
they entered upon David and he was alarmed by them? They said, "Fear not.
[We are] two adversaries, one of whom has wronged the other, so judge between
us with truth and do not exceed [it] and guide us to the sound path.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
When
they entered upon David, and he was frightened by them. And they said, ‘Do not
fear; we are, two disputants (some say that this means ‘two groups’, in order
to agree with the plural person [of the verb dakhalū, ‘they entered’]; others
say, ‘two individuals’ with the plural person actually denoting these two;
al-khasm may refer to a one or more individuals. These two were angels who had
come in the form of two disputants, between whom there [was supposed to have]
occurred the situation mentioned — [but] only hypothetically — in order to
alert David, peace be upon him, to what he had done: he had ninety nine women
but desired the woman of a man who had only her and no other. He [David] had
married her and consummated the marriage. One of us has infringed upon the
[rights of the] other, so judge justly between us and do not transgress, [do
not] be unjust, and guide us, direct us, to the right path’, the correct way.
إِنَّ هَٰذَا
أَخِي لَهُ تِسْعٌ وَتِسْعُونَ نَعْجَةً وَلِيَ نَعْجَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ فَقَالَ
أَكْفِلْنِيهَا وَعَزَّنِي فِي الْخِطَابِ
Pronunciation
Inna
hatha akhee lahu tisAAunwatisAAoona naAAjatan waliya naAAjatun wahidatun
faqalaakfilneeha waAAazzanee fee alkhitab
Translation
Indeed
this, my brother, has ninety-nine ewes, and I have one ewe; so he said,
'Entrust her to me,' and he overpowered me in speech."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
‘Behold,
this brother of mine, in other words, my fellow co-religionist, has ninety-nine
ewes — here used to represent the women — while I have a single ewe; yet he
said, “Entrust it to me”, in other words, make me in charge of it, and he
overcame me in speech’, in other words, in the argument; so the latter conceded
charge of it to him.
قَالَ لَقَدْ
ظَلَمَكَ بِسُؤَالِ نَعْجَتِكَ إِلَىٰ نِعَاجِهِ ۖ وَإِنَّ
كَثِيرًا مِّنَ الْخُلَطَاءِ لَيَبْغِي بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ
آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَقَلِيلٌ مَّا هُمْ ۗ وَظَنَّ
دَاوُودُ أَنَّمَا فَتَنَّاهُ فَاسْتَغْفَرَ رَبَّهُ وَخَرَّ رَاكِعًا وَأَنَابَ ۩
Pronunciation
Qala
laqad thalamakabisu-ali naAAjatika ila niAAajihi wa-innakatheeran mina
alkhulata-i layabghee baAAduhum AAalabaAAdin illa allatheena amanoowaAAamiloo
assalihati waqaleelun mahum wathanna dawoodu annama fatannahufastaghfara
rabbahu wakharra rakiAAan waanab
Translation
[David]
said, "He has certainly wronged you in demanding your ewe [in addition] to
his ewes. And indeed, many associates oppress one another, except for those who
believe and do righteous deeds - and few are they." And David became
certain that We had tried him, and he asked forgiveness of his Lord and fell
down bowing [in prostration] and turned in repentance [to Allah].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘He has certainly wronged you by asking for your ewe that he may add it
to his sheep. And indeed many associates infringe upon [the rights of] one
another, except such as believe and perform righteous deeds, but few are they!’
(mā emphasises the ‘fewness’). As the two angels were ascending to the heaven
one said to the other, ‘He has certainly passed judgement on himself!’ David
was thus alerted [to his deed]. God, exalted be He, says: And David thought, in
other words, he became certain, that We had indeed tried him, that We had
caused him to fall into a trial, that is, a test, through his love for that
woman. So he sought forgiveness of his Lord and fell down bowing, in other words,
prostrate, and repented.
فَغَفَرْنَا لَهُ
ذَٰلِكَ ۖ وَإِنَّ لَهُ عِندَنَا لَزُلْفَىٰ وَحُسْنَ
مَآبٍ
Pronunciation
Faghafarna
lahu thalikawa-inna lahu AAindana lazulfa wahusna maab
Translation
So
We forgave him that; and indeed, for him is nearness to Us and a good place of
return.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
We forgave him that and indeed he has [a station of] nearness with Us, that is,
[even] more good [things] in this world, and a fair return, in the Hereafter.
يَا دَاوُودُ
إِنَّا جَعَلْنَاكَ خَلِيفَةً فِي الْأَرْضِ فَاحْكُم بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِالْحَقِّ
وَلَا تَتَّبِعِ الْهَوَىٰ فَيُضِلَّكَ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ
يَضِلُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ بِمَا نَسُوا يَوْمَ
الْحِسَابِ
Pronunciation
Ya
dawoodu inna jaAAalnakakhaleefatan fee al-ardi fahkum bayna annasibilhaqqi wala
tattabiAAi alhawa fayudillakaAAan sabeeli Allahi inna allatheena yadilloonaAAan
sabeeli Allahi lahum AAathabun shadeedun bimanasoo yawma alhisab
Translation
[We
said], "O David, indeed We have made you a successor upon the earth, so
judge between the people in truth and do not follow [your own] desire, as it
will lead you astray from the way of Allah ." Indeed, those who go astray
from the way of Allah will have a severe punishment for having forgotten the
Day of Account.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
‘O
David! We have indeed made you a vicegerent on the earth, managing the affairs
of people; so judge justly between people and do not follow desire, that is,
the desires of the soul, that it then lead you astray from the way of God, that
is to say, from the proofs that indicate [the truth of] His Oneness. Truly
those who go astray from the way of God, in other words, from belief in God —
for them there will be a severe chastisement because of their forgetting the
Day of Reckoning’, as a result of their having neglected faith. For had they
been certain of [the truth of] the Day of Reckoning, they would have [first]
been believers in this world.
وَمَا خَلَقْنَا
السَّمَاءَ وَالْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا بَاطِلًا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ ظَنُّ
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا ۚ فَوَيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنَ النَّارِ
Pronunciation
Wama
khalaqna assamaawal-arda wama baynahuma batilanthalika thannu allatheena
kafaroofawaylun lillatheena kafaroo mina annar
Translation
And
We did not create the heaven and the earth and that between them aimlessly.
That is the assumption of those who disbelieve, so woe to those who disbelieve
from the Fire.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We did not create the heavens and the earth and all that is between them in
vain, frivolously. That, namely, the creation of what has been mentioned as
being for no [particular] purpose, is the supposition of those who disbelieve,
from among the people of Mecca. So woe — a valley [in hell-fire] — to the
disbelievers from the Fire!
أَمْ نَجْعَلُ
الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ كَالْمُفْسِدِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَمْ
نَجْعَلُ الْمُتَّقِينَ كَالْفُجَّارِ
Pronunciation
Am
najAAalu allatheena amanoowaAAamiloo assalihati kalmufsideenafee al-ardi am
najAAalu almuttaqeena kalfujjar
Translation
Or
should we treat those who believe and do righteous deeds like corrupters in the
land? Or should We treat those who fear Allah like the wicked?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Or
shall We treat those who believe and perform righteous deeds like those who
cause corruption in the earth; or shall We treat the God-fearing like the
profligate? This was revealed when the Meccan disbelievers said to the
believers, ‘In the Hereafter we will receive the same [reward] as that which
you will receive’ (am, ‘or’, contains the [rhetorical] hamza of denial).
كِتَابٌ
أَنزَلْنَاهُ إِلَيْكَ مُبَارَكٌ لِّيَدَّبَّرُوا آيَاتِهِ وَلِيَتَذَكَّرَ أُولُو
الْأَلْبَابِ
Pronunciation
Kitabun
anzalnahu ilayka mubarakunliyaddabbaroo ayatihi waliyatathakkara olooal-albab
Translation
[This
is] a blessed Book which We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], that they might
reflect upon its verses and that those of understanding would be reminded.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
A
Book (kitābun, the predicate of a missing subject, namely, hādhā, ‘this is’)
that We have revealed to you, full of blessing, that they may contemplate
(yaddabbarū is actually yatadabbarū, but the tā’ has been assimilated with the
dāl) its signs, [that] they may reflect upon its meanings and become believers,
and that they may remember, that they may be admonished — those people of pith,
those possessors of intellect.
وَوَهَبْنَا
لِدَاوُودَ سُلَيْمَانَ ۚ نِعْمَ
الْعَبْدُ ۖ إِنَّهُ أَوَّابٌ
Pronunciation
Wawahabna
lidawooda sulaymananiAAma alAAabdu innahu awwab
Translation
And
to David We gave Solomon. An excellent servant, indeed he was one repeatedly
turning back [to Allah ].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We bestowed on David, Solomon, his son — what an excellent servant!, that is,
Solomon. Truly he was a penitent [soul], always returning [to God] with
glorification and remembrance at all times.
إِذْ عُرِضَ
عَلَيْهِ بِالْعَشِيِّ الصَّافِنَاتُ الْجِيَادُ
Pronunciation
Ith
AAurida AAalayhi bilAAashiyyiassafinatu aljiyad
Translation
[Mention]
when there were exhibited before him in the afternoon the poised [standing]
racehorses.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
When
one evening — which is the period after midday — there were displayed before
him the prancing steeds (al-sāfināt, ‘horses’, is the plural of sāfina, which
denotes [a horse] standing on three legs with the fourth supported on the edge
of the hoof, and derives from [the verb] safana, yasfinu sufūnan; al-jiyād is
the plural of jawād, which is a ‘racer’; the meaning is that these [horses] are
such that when they are halted they stand still and when they run they surpass
[others] in speed). One thousand horses were displayed before him after he had
performed the midday prayer, for he had wanted to use them in a holy struggle
(jihād) against an enemy. But when the display reached the nine-hundredth
[horse], the sun set and he had not performed the afternoon prayer. So he was
greatly distressed.
فَقَالَ إِنِّي
أَحْبَبْتُ حُبَّ الْخَيْرِ عَن ذِكْرِ رَبِّي حَتَّىٰ تَوَارَتْ بِالْحِجَابِ
Pronunciation
Faqala
innee ahbabtu hubbaalkhayri AAan thikri rabbee hatta tawaratbilhijab
Translation
And
he said, "Indeed, I gave preference to the love of good [things] over the
remembrance of my Lord until the sun disappeared into the curtain [of
darkness]."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘Lo! I have loved, I have desired, the love of [worldly] good things,
that is, [of] horses, over the remembrance of my Lord’, that is, [over] the
afternoon prayer, until it, that is, the sun, disappeared behind the [night’s]
veil, [until] it was concealed by that which veils it from sight.
رُدُّوهَا
عَلَيَّ ۖ فَطَفِقَ مَسْحًا بِالسُّوقِ وَالْأَعْنَاقِ
Pronunciation
Ruddooha
AAalayya fatafiqa mashanbissooqi wal-aAAnaq
Translation
[He
said], "Return them to me," and set about striking [their] legs and
necks.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Bring
them back to me!, that is, the horses that were displayed; and they so brought
them back. Then he set about slashing, with his sword, [their] legs (al-sūq is
the plural of sāq) and necks, in other words, he slaughtered them and cut off
their legs as an offering [of atonement] to God, exalted be He, for having been
distracted by them from the prayer. He gave all the meat thereof as voluntary
alms and so God compensated him what was better and faster that these [horses],
and this was the wind, which blew at his command as he wished.
وَلَقَدْ
فَتَنَّا سُلَيْمَانَ وَأَلْقَيْنَا عَلَىٰ كُرْسِيِّهِ جَسَدًا ثُمَّ أَنَابَ
Pronunciation
Walaqad
fatanna sulaymanawaalqayna AAala kursiyyihi jasadan thumma anab
Translation
And
We certainly tried Solomon and placed on his throne a body; then he returned.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We certainly tried Solomon: We tested him by wresting his kingdom from him,
because he had married a woman [solely] out of his desire for her. She used to
worship idols in his [own] home without his knowledge. Now, [control of] his
kingdom lay in his ring. On one occasion, needing to withdraw [to relieve
himself], he took it off and left it with this woman of his, whose name was
al-Amīna, as was his custom; but a jinn, [disguised] in the form of Solomon,
came to her and seized it from her. And We cast upon his throne a [lifeless]
body, which was that [very] jinn, and he was [the one known as] Sakhr — or it
was some other [jinn]; he sat upon Solomon’s throne and so [as was the case
with Solomon] the birds and other [creatures] devoted themselves to him [in
service]. When Solomon came out [of his palace], having seen him [the jinn]
upon his throne, he said to the people, ‘I am Solomon [not him]!’ But they did
not recognise him. Then he repented — Solomon returned to his kingdom, many
days later, after he had managed to acquire the ring. He wore it and sat upon
his throne [again].
قَالَ رَبِّ
اغْفِرْ لِي وَهَبْ لِي مُلْكًا لَّا يَنبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ مِّن بَعْدِي ۖ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ
الْوَهَّابُ
Pronunciation
Qala
rabbi ighfir lee wahab leemulkan la yanbaghee li-ahadin min baAAdee innakaanta
alwahhab
Translation
He
said, "My Lord, forgive me and grant me a kingdom such as will not belong
to anyone after me. Indeed, You are the Bestower."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘My Lord! Forgive me and grant me a kingdom that shall not belong to
anyone after me, in other words, other than me (this [use of min ba‘dī to mean
‘other than me’] is similar to [Q. 45:23] fa-man yahdīh min ba‘di’Llāh, ‘who
will guide him other than God?’). Truly You are the Bestower’.
فَسَخَّرْنَا
لَهُ الرِّيحَ تَجْرِي بِأَمْرِهِ رُخَاءً حَيْثُ أَصَابَ
Pronunciation
Fasakhkharna
lahu arreehatajree bi-amrihi rukhaan haythu asab
Translation
So
We subjected to him the wind blowing by his command, gently, wherever he
directed,
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
We disposed for him the wind, which blew softly, gently, at his command
wherever he intended.
وَالشَّيَاطِينَ
كُلَّ بَنَّاءٍ وَغَوَّاصٍ
Pronunciation
Washshayateena
kulla banna-inwaghawwas
Translation
And
[also] the devils [of jinn] - every builder and diver
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
the devils [also We disposed], every builder, building marvellous edifices, and
diver, in the sea, bringing up pearls,
وَآخَرِينَ
مُقَرَّنِينَ فِي الْأَصْفَادِ
Pronunciation
Waakhareena
muqarraneena fee al-asfad
Translation
And
others bound together in shackles.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
others too, from among them, bounded together in fetters, in shackles with
their hands tied to their necks.
هَٰذَا
عَطَاؤُنَا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
Pronunciation
Hatha
AAataona famnunaw amsik bighayri hisab
Translation
[We
said], "This is Our gift, so grant or withhold without account."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We said to him: ‘This is Our gift. So bestow, grant thereof to whomever you
wish, or withhold, from giving, without any reckoning’, in other words, without
your being called to account for any of this.
وَإِنَّ لَهُ
عِندَنَا لَزُلْفَىٰ وَحُسْنَ مَآبٍ
Pronunciation
Wa-inna
lahu AAindana lazulfawahusna maab
Translation
And
indeed, for him is nearness to Us and a good place of return.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
indeed he has [a station of] nearness with Us and a fair resort — a similar
[statement] has already appeared [in another verse above].
وَاذْكُرْ
عَبْدَنَا أَيُّوبَ إِذْ نَادَىٰ رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَسَّنِيَ الشَّيْطَانُ بِنُصْبٍ
وَعَذَابٍ
Pronunciation
Wathkur
AAabdanaayyooba ith nada rabbahu annee massaniya ashshaytanubinusbin waAAathab
Translation
And
remember Our servant Job, when he called to his Lord, "Indeed, Satan has
touched me with hardship and torment."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
mention also Our servant Job, when he called out to his Lord, [saying], ‘Lo!
Satan has afflicted me with hardship, harm, and suffering’, pain: he attributes
all this to Satan, even though all things are from God, to show reverence [in
his call] to Him, exalted be He.
ارْكُضْ
بِرِجْلِكَ ۖ هَٰذَا مُغْتَسَلٌ بَارِدٌ وَشَرَابٌ
Pronunciation
Orkud
birijlika hathamughtasalun baridun washarab
Translation
[So
he was told], "Strike [the ground] with your foot; this is a [spring for]
a cool bath and drink."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
it was said to him: ‘Stamp your foot, on the ground — and he stamped [it] and a
spring of water gushed forth, and it was said: This is a cool bath, [cool]
water for you to wash with, and a drink’, for you to drink of. So he washed
himself and drank [from it] whereat every ailment that had affected him
internally and externally disappeared.
وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ
أَهْلَهُ وَمِثْلَهُم مَّعَهُمْ رَحْمَةً مِّنَّا وَذِكْرَىٰ لِأُولِي
الْأَلْبَابِ
Pronunciation
Wawahabna
lahu ahlahu wamithlahummaAAahum rahmatan minna wathikrali-olee al-albab
Translation
And
We granted him his family and a like [number] with them as mercy from Us and a
reminder for those of understanding.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We gave him [back] his family along with others like them, that is, God brought
back to life all the children of his that had died and provided him with as
many [in addition to them], as a mercy, a grace, from us, and a reminder, an
admonition, to people of pith, possessors of intellect.
وَخُذْ بِيَدِكَ
ضِغْثًا فَاضْرِب بِّهِ وَلَا تَحْنَثْ ۗ إِنَّا
وَجَدْنَاهُ صَابِرًا ۚ نِّعْمَ
الْعَبْدُ ۖ إِنَّهُ أَوَّابٌ
Pronunciation
Wakhuth
biyadika dighthan fadribbihi wala tahnath inna wajadnahu sabiranniAAma alAAabdu
innahu awwab
Translation
[We
said], "And take in your hand a bunch [of grass] and strike with it and do
not break your oath." Indeed, We found him patient, an excellent servant.
Indeed, he was one repeatedly turning back [to Allah].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
[We said to him], ‘Take in your hand a bunch of twigs, or some blades of grass,
and smite therewith, your wife — for he had sworn to smite her a hundred times
on one occasion when she was late in coming to him — and do not break [your]
oath’, by not smiting her: so he took a hundred rushes and smote her with them
once [and that sufficed to fulfil his oath]. Truly We found him to be
steadfast. What an excellent servant!, [was] Job. Indeed he was a penitent
[soul], always returning to God, exalted be He.
وَاذْكُرْ
عِبَادَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ أُولِي الْأَيْدِي
وَالْأَبْصَارِ
Pronunciation
Wathkur
AAibadanaibraheema wa-ishaqa wayaAAqooba olee al-aydee wal-absar
Translation
And
remember Our servants, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob - those of strength and
[religious] vision.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
mention [also] Our servants Abraham, and Isaac and Jacob — men of fortitude,
vigorous in their worship, and insight, deep understanding of religion (a
variant reading [for ‘ibādanā, ‘Our servants’] has [singular] ‘abdanā, ‘Our
servant’, with Ibrāhīma as the explication thereof, and what follows as being a
supplement to ‘abdanā, ‘Our servant’).
إِنَّا
أَخْلَصْنَاهُم بِخَالِصَةٍ ذِكْرَى الدَّارِ
Pronunciation
Inna
akhlasnahum bikhalisatinthikra addar
Translation
Indeed,
We chose them for an exclusive quality: remembrance of the home [of the
Hereafter].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Assuredly
We purified them with an exclusive [thought], namely, the remembrance of the Abode,
of the Hereafter: in other words to [always] remember it and to work for it (a
variant reading [for bi-khālisatin dhikrā’l-dār] has the genitive construction
[bi-khālisati dhikrā’l-dār], making this [dhikrā al-dār, ‘remembrance of the
Abode’] the explicative thereof).
وَإِنَّهُمْ
عِندَنَا لَمِنَ الْمُصْطَفَيْنَ الْأَخْيَارِ
Pronunciation
Wa-innahum
AAindana lamina almustafaynaal-akhyar
Translation
And
indeed they are, to Us, among the chosen and outstanding.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
indeed in Our sight they are of the elect, the excellent (akhyār is the plural
of khayyir).
وَاذْكُرْ
إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَالْيَسَعَ وَذَا الْكِفْلِ ۖ وَكُلٌّ مِّنَ
الْأَخْيَارِ
Pronunciation
Wathkur
ismaAAeelawa-ilyasaAAa watha alkifli wakullun mina al-akhyar
Translation
And
remember Ishmael, Elisha and Dhul-Kifl, and all are among the outstanding.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
mention [also] Our servants Ishmael, and Elisha, who was a prophet (the lām
[here in al-Yasa‘] is extra) and Dhū’l-Kifl — there is disagreement over
whether he was a prophet; it is said that [he was so called because] he looked
after (kafala) a hundred prophets who had sought refuge with him from being
killed. Each, that is, every one of them, was among the excellent (akhyār is
the plural of khayyir).
هَٰذَا ذِكْرٌ ۚ وَإِنَّ
لِلْمُتَّقِينَ لَحُسْنَ مَآبٍ
Pronunciation
Hatha
thikrun wa-innalilmuttaqeena lahusna maab
Translation
This
is a reminder. And indeed, for the righteous is a good place of return
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
This
is a remembrance, of them, [made] by [the mention of] fair praise [of them]
here; and indeed for the God-fearing, who comprise them, there will truly be a
fair return, in the Hereafter —
جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ
مُّفَتَّحَةً لَّهُمُ الْأَبْوَابُ
Pronunciation
Jannati
AAadnin mufattahatanlahumu al-abwab
Translation
Gardens
of perpetual residence, whose doors will be opened to them.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Gardens
of Eden (jannāti ‘Adnin is either a substitution for, or an explicative
supplement to, husna ma’ābin, ‘a fair return’) whose gates are [flung] open for
them;
مُتَّكِئِينَ
فِيهَا يَدْعُونَ فِيهَا بِفَاكِهَةٍ كَثِيرَةٍ وَشَرَابٍ
Pronunciation
Muttaki-eena
feeha yadAAoona feehabifakihatin katheeratin washarab
Translation
Reclining
within them, they will call therein for abundant fruit and drink.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
reclining
therein, on couches; therein they call for plenteous fruit and drink.
وَعِندَهُمْ
قَاصِرَاتُ الطَّرْفِ أَتْرَابٌ
Pronunciation
WaAAindahum
qasiratu attarfiatrab
Translation
And
with them will be women limiting [their] glances and of equal age.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
with them [there] will be maidens of restrained glances, restricting their eyes
to their spouses, of a like age, of the same age, girls who are thirty three
years of age (atrāb is the plural of tirb).
هَٰذَا مَا
تُوعَدُونَ لِيَوْمِ الْحِسَابِ
Pronunciation
Hatha
ma tooAAadoona liyawmialhisab
Translation
This
is what you, [the righteous], are promised for the Day of Account.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
‘This,
that is mentioned, is what you are promised, by way of the unseen (there is a
shift in the address away from the third [to the second] person]) for the Day
of Reckoning.
إِنَّ هَٰذَا
لَرِزْقُنَا مَا لَهُ مِن نَّفَادٍ
Pronunciation
Inna
hatha larizquna malahu min nafad
Translation
Indeed,
this is Our provision; for it there is no depletion.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
This
is indeed Our provision, which will never be exhausted’, in other words, one
which will never cease (this [last] sentence [mā lahu min nafādin] is a
circumstantial qualifier referring to rizqunā, ‘Our provision’; or it is a
second predicate of inna, ‘indeed’, meaning that it will be ‘everlasting’).
هَٰذَا ۚ وَإِنَّ
لِلطَّاغِينَ لَشَرَّ مَآبٍ
Pronunciation
Hatha
wa-inna littagheenalasharra maab
Translation
This
[is so]. But indeed, for the transgressors is an evil place of return -
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
That,
which is mentioned, will be [the reward] for the believers [is so]; but for the
insolent (this is a new sentence) there will surely be an evil [place of]
return —
جَهَنَّمَ
يَصْلَوْنَهَا فَبِئْسَ الْمِهَادُ
Pronunciation
Jahannama
yaslawnaha fabi/saalmihad
Translation
Hell,
which they will [enter to] burn, and wretched is the resting place.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Hell,
which they will enter — an evil resting place!
هَٰذَا
فَلْيَذُوقُوهُ حَمِيمٌ وَغَسَّاقٌ
Pronunciation
Hatha
falyathooqoohu hameemunwaghassaq
Translation
This
- so let them taste it - is scalding water and [foul] purulence.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
This,
chastisement — inferred [as so] by what follows — let them then taste it:
burning hot water and pus (read ghasāq or ghassāq), the festering matter
excreted by the inhabitants of the Fire;
وَآخَرُ مِن
شَكْلِهِ أَزْوَاجٌ
Pronunciation
Waakharu
min shaklihi azwaj
Translation
And
other [punishments] of its type [in various] kinds.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
other (ākhar may be plural or singular) kinds [of torment] resembling it, in
other words, like the boiling water and pus mentioned, in pairs, of all sorts,
in other words, their chastisement will consist of various kinds.
هَٰذَا فَوْجٌ
مُّقْتَحِمٌ مَّعَكُمْ ۖ لَا مَرْحَبًا
بِهِمْ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ صَالُو النَّارِ
Pronunciation
Hatha
fawjun muqtahimunmaAAakum la marhaban bihim innahum saloo annar
Translation
[Its
inhabitants will say], "This is a company bursting in with you. No welcome
for them. Indeed, they will burn in the Fire."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
it will be said to them as they enter the Fire with their followers: ‘This is a
horde about to plunge, to enter, with you, into the Fire violently — at which
point those who used to be followed say: no welcome [is there] for them
[here]!, in other words, [they will find] no comfort for them [here]. They will
indeed roast in the Fire’.
قَالُوا بَلْ
أَنتُمْ لَا مَرْحَبًا بِكُمْ ۖ أَنتُمْ
قَدَّمْتُمُوهُ لَنَا ۖ فَبِئْسَ
الْقَرَارُ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
bal antum la marhabanbikum antum qaddamtumoohu lana fabi/sa alqarar
Translation
They
will say, "Nor you! No welcome for you. You, [our leaders], brought this
upon us, and wretched is the settlement."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They,
the followers, say, ‘Nay, but for you [there is] no welcome! You prepared this,
that is, disbelief, for us. So what an evil abode!’, for us and for you, is the
Fire.
قَالُوا رَبَّنَا
مَن قَدَّمَ لَنَا هَٰذَا فَزِدْهُ عَذَابًا ضِعْفًا فِي النَّارِ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
rabbana man qaddama lanahatha fazidhu AAathaban diAAfan fee annar
Translation
They
will say, "Our Lord, whoever brought this upon us - increase for him
double punishment in the Fire."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They,
also, say, ‘Our Lord, whoever prepared this for us, give him double his
chastisement, that is, [give him in addition] the like of his chastisement, for
his disbelief, in the Fire!’
وَقَالُوا مَا
لَنَا لَا نَرَىٰ رِجَالًا كُنَّا نَعُدُّهُم مِّنَ الْأَشْرَارِ
Pronunciation
Waqaloo
ma lana lanara rijalan kunna naAAudduhum mina al-ashrar
Translation
And
they will say, "Why do we not see men whom we used to count among the
worst?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they, the disbelievers of Mecca, say, while they are in the Fire: ‘What is the
matter with us that we do not see [here] men whom we used to count, in the
world, among the wicked?
أَتَّخَذْنَاهُمْ
سِخْرِيًّا أَمْ زَاغَتْ عَنْهُمُ الْأَبْصَارُ
Pronunciation
Attakhathnahum
sikhriyyan am zaghatAAanhumu al-absar
Translation
Is
it [because] we took them in ridicule, or has [our] vision turned away from
them?"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Did
we treat them mockingly? (read sukhriyyan, or sikhriyyan), did we use to deride
them in [the life of] the world (the [final] yā’ [in sikhriyyā] is
attributive). In other words, are they missing? Or have [our] eyes missed them
[here]?’, so that we have not caught sight of them. Such [men] were the poor
among the Muslims, like ‘Ammār [b. Yāsir], Bilāl [al-Habashī], Suhayb [al-Rūmī]
and Salmān [al-Fārisī].
إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ
لَحَقٌّ تَخَاصُمُ أَهْلِ النَّارِ
Pronunciation
Inna
thalika lahaqqun takhasumuahli annar
Translation
Indeed,
that is truth - the quarreling of the people of the Fire.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Assuredly
that is true: such [a scene] will necessarily take place, which is, the
wrangling of the inhabitants of the Fire — as shown above.
قُلْ إِنَّمَا
أَنَا مُنذِرٌ ۖ وَمَا مِنْ إِلَٰهٍ إِلَّا اللَّهُ الْوَاحِدُ
الْقَهَّارُ
Pronunciation
Qul
innama ana munthirunwama min ilahin illa Allahu alwahidualqahhar
Translation
Say,
[O Muhammad], "I am only a warner, and there is not any deity except Allah
, the One, the Prevailing.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say,
O Muhammad (s), to the disbelievers of Mecca: ‘I am only a warner, to threaten
[disbelievers] with [punishment in] the Fire. And there is no god except God,
the One, the All-Compelling, of [all] His creatures;
رَبُّ
السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفَّارُ
Pronunciation
Rabbu
assamawati wal-ardiwama baynahuma alAAazeezu alghaffar
Translation
Lord
of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them, the Exalted in
Might, the Perpetual Forgiver."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Lord
of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, the Mighty, Whose
way [always] prevails, the [ever] Forgiving’, of His friends.
قُلْ هُوَ نَبَأٌ
عَظِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Qul
huwa nabaon AAatheem
Translation
Say,
"It is great news
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say,
to them: ‘It is a tremendous tiding
أَنتُمْ عَنْهُ
مُعْرِضُونَ
Pronunciation
Antum
AAanhu muAAridoon
Translation
From
which you turn away.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
from
which you are turning away, namely, the Qur’ān, of which I have informed you
and in which I have brought you what can only be known by revelation, and that
is God’s saying:
مَا كَانَ لِيَ
مِنْ عِلْمٍ بِالْمَلَإِ الْأَعْلَىٰ إِذْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ
Pronunciation
Ma
kana liya min AAilmin bilmala-ial-aAAla ith yakhtasimoon
Translation
I
had no knowledge of the exalted assembly [of angels] when they were disputing
[the creation of Adam].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
I
had no knowledge of the High Council, that is to say, [of] the angels, when
they disputed, in the matter of Adam, when God, exalted be He, said [to them]:
‘I am appointing on earth a vicegerent’, to the end [of the verse, Q. 2:30].
إِن يُوحَىٰ
إِلَيَّ إِلَّا أَنَّمَا أَنَا نَذِيرٌ مُّبِينٌ
Pronunciation
In
yooha ilayya illa annamaana natheerun mubeen
Translation
It
has not been revealed to me except that I am a clear warner."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
All
that is revealed to me is that I am just a plain warner’, one whose warning is
clear.
إِذْ قَالَ
رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ إِنِّي خَالِقٌ بَشَرًا مِّن طِينٍ
Pronunciation
Ith
qala rabbuka lilmala-ikatiinnee khaliqun basharan min teen
Translation
[So
mention] when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I am going to create
a human being from clay.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Mention,
when your Lord said to the angels, ‘Indeed I am about to create a human being
out of clay, and this was Adam.
فَإِذَا
سَوَّيْتُهُ وَنَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِي فَقَعُوا لَهُ سَاجِدِينَ
Pronunciation
Fa-itha
sawwaytuhu wanafakhtu feehimin roohee faqaAAoo lahu sajideen
Translation
So
when I have proportioned him and breathed into him of My [created] soul, then
fall down to him in prostration."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
when I have proportioned him, completed him, and breathed in him, [when I have]
caused to flow [therein], My spirit, so that he becomes a living [being] — the
addition of ‘the spirit’ to Adam is an honour for him; the ‘spirit’ is a subtle
body that gives life to a human being by permeating him — then fall down in
prostration before him!’ — a prostration of salutation [that is actually] a
bow.
فَسَجَدَ
الْمَلَائِكَةُ كُلُّهُمْ أَجْمَعُونَ
Pronunciation
Fasajada
almala-ikatu kulluhumajmaAAoon
Translation
So
the angels prostrated - all of them entirely.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Thereat
the angels prostrated, all of them together (there are two emphases here
[kulluhum and ajma‘ūn]);
إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ
اسْتَكْبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ
Pronunciation
Illa
ibleesa istakbara wakanamina alkafireen
Translation
Except
Iblees; he was arrogant and became among the disbelievers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
except
Iblīs, the father of the jinn, who was among the [audience of] angels; he was
disdainful and he was one of the disbelievers, according to God’s knowledge,
exalted be He.
قَالَ يَا
إِبْلِيسُ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَن تَسْجُدَ لِمَا خَلَقْتُ بِيَدَيَّ ۖ أَسْتَكْبَرْتَ
أَمْ كُنتَ مِنَ الْعَالِينَ
Pronunciation
Qala
ya ibleesu mamanaAAaka an tasjuda lima khalaqtu biyadayya astakbarta amkunta
mina alAAaleen
Translation
[Allah]
said, "O Iblees, what prevented you from prostrating to that which I
created with My hands? Were you arrogant [then], or were you [already] among
the haughty?"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘O Iblīs! What prevents you from prostrating before that which I have
created with My own hands?, in other words, whose creation I [Myself] have
undertaken. This [in itself] is an honour for Adam, as God has [Himself]
undertaken the [unmediated] creation of all creatures. Are you being arrogant,
now, in refraining from prostrating (an interrogative meant as a rebuke); or
are you of the exalted?’, of the proud, and have therefore disdained to
prostrate yourself, because you are one of them?
قَالَ أَنَا
خَيْرٌ مِّنْهُ ۖ خَلَقْتَنِي مِن نَّارٍ وَخَلَقْتَهُ مِن طِينٍ
Pronunciation
Qala
ana khayrun minhukhalaqtanee min narin wakhalaqtahu min teen
Translation
He
said, "I am better than him. You created me from fire and created him from
clay."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘I am better than him. You created me from fire and You created him from
clay’.
قَالَ فَاخْرُجْ
مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ رَجِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Qala
fakhruj minhafa-innaka rajeem
Translation
[Allah]
said, "Then get out of Paradise, for indeed, you are expelled.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘Then begone hence, that is, from Paradise — or, it is said, [begone]
from the heavens — for you are indeed accursed, outcast.
وَإِنَّ عَلَيْكَ
لَعْنَتِي إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ
Pronunciation
Wa-inna
AAalayka laAAnatee ila yawmiaddeen
Translation
And
indeed, upon you is My curse until the Day of Recompense."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
indeed My curse shall be on you until the Day of Judgement’, [the Day] of
Requital.
قَالَ رَبِّ
فَأَنظِرْنِي إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ
Pronunciation
Qala
rabbi faanthirneeila yawmi yubAAathoon
Translation
He
said, "My Lord, then reprieve me until the Day they are resurrected."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘My Lord, then reprieve me until the day when they, mankind, will be
raised’.
قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ
مِنَ الْمُنظَرِينَ
Pronunciation
Qala
fa-innaka mina almunthareen
Translation
[Allah]
said, "So indeed, you are of those reprieved
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘Then you will indeed be among the reprieved
إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ
الْوَقْتِ الْمَعْلُومِ
Pronunciation
Ila
yawmi alwaqti almaAAloom
Translation
Until
the Day of the time well-known."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
until
the day of the known time’, the time of the First Blast.
قَالَ فَبِعِزَّتِكَ
لَأُغْوِيَنَّهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
Pronunciation
Qala
fabiAAizzatika laoghwiyannahumajmaAAeen
Translation
[Iblees]
said, "By your might, I will surely mislead them all
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘Now, by Your might, I shall surely pervert them all,
إِلَّا عِبَادَكَ
مِنْهُمُ الْمُخْلَصِينَ
Pronunciation
Illa
AAibadaka minhumualmukhlaseen
Translation
Except,
among them, Your chosen servants."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
except
those servants of Yours among them who will be saved’, namely, the believers.
قَالَ فَالْحَقُّ
وَالْحَقَّ أَقُولُ
Pronunciation
Qala
falhaqqu walhaqqaaqool
Translation
[
Allah ] said, "The truth [is My oath], and the truth I say -
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘So the truth is — and the truth I [always] speak (read both [words] in
the accusative [fa’l-haqqa wa’l-haqqa]; or with the first in the nominative and
the second in the accusative because of the verb [aqūlu, ‘I speak’] that
follows. As for reading the first one in the accusative, this would be on
account of the mentioned verb [qāla, ‘he said’]; but it is also said to be on
account of its being a verbal noun, the sense being uhiqqu l-haqqa, ‘I
establish the truth’; or [it is in the accusative by implication] if the
particle for the oath [fa] is removed. It [the first haqq] could also be in the
nominative because of its being the subject of a missing predicate, as in
fa’l-haqqu minnī, ‘truth [comes] from Me’. It is also said that [the sentence means]
fa’l-haqqu qasamī, ‘the truth is [this] oath from Me’, the response to which is
the following [la-amla’anna …]) —
لَأَمْلَأَنَّ
جَهَنَّمَ مِنكَ وَمِمَّن تَبِعَكَ مِنْهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
Pronunciation
Laamlaanna
jahannama minka wamimmantabiAAaka minhum ajmaAAeen
Translation
[That]
I will surely fill Hell with you and those of them that follow you all
together."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
I
shall assuredly fill Hell with you, by way of [filling it with] your progeny,
and with whoever of them follows you, that is, of mankind, all together’.
قُلْ مَا
أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُتَكَلِّفِينَ
Pronunciation
Qul
ma as-alukum AAalayhi min ajrinwama ana mina almutakallifeen
Translation
Say,
[O Muhammad], "I do not ask you for the Qur'an any payment, and I am not
of the pretentious
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say:
‘I do not ask of you, in return for this, for delivering the Message [to you],
any reward, any fee; nor am I an impostor, so as to make up the Qur’ān myself.
إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا
ذِكْرٌ لِّلْعَالَمِينَ
Pronunciation
In
huwa illa thikrun lilAAalameen
Translation
It
is but a reminder to the worlds.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
It
is only, in other words, the Qur’ān is only, a reminder, an admonition, for all
worlds, [those of] humans, jinn and [other] rational beings, [but] excluding
the angels.
وَلَتَعْلَمُنَّ
نَبَأَهُ بَعْدَ حِينٍ
Pronunciation
WalataAAlamunna
nabaahu baAAda heen
Translation
And
you will surely know [the truth of] its information after a time."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
you will assuredly come to know, O disbelievers of Mecca, its tiding, the news
of its truth, in [due] time’, that is to say, on the Day of Resurrection (‘ilm,
‘knowing’, is here being used in the sense of ‘urf, ‘experience’; the prefixed
lām [in la-ta‘lamunna, ‘you will assuredly know’] is for an implicit oath, in
other words [what is meant is] wa’Llāhi [la-ta‘lamunna, ‘By God you will
assuredly know’]).
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