Surat
Al-Muzzammil (The Enshrouded One) - سورة المزمل
[In
the Name of ALLAH, the ENTIRELY MERCIFUL, the ESPECIALLY MERCIFUL]
73:1
يَا أَيُّهَا
الْمُزَّمِّلُ
Pronunciation
Ya
ayyuha almuzzammil
Translation
O
you who wraps himself [in clothing],
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
O
you enwrapped in your garment!, the Prophet (al-muzzammil is actually
al-mutazammil, but the tā’ has been assimilated with the zāy), that is to say,
the one who wraps himself up in his clothes when the Revelation [Gabriel] comes
to him, in fear of him because of his awe-inspiring presence.
قُمِ اللَّيْلَ
إِلَّا قَلِيلًا
Pronunciation
Qumi
allayla illa qaleela
Translation
Arise
[to pray] the night, except for a little -
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Stand
vigil, perform prayer, through the night, except a little,
نِّصْفَهُ أَوِ
انقُصْ مِنْهُ قَلِيلًا
Pronunciation
Nisfahu
awi onqus minhu qaleela
Translation
Half
of it - or subtract from it a little
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
a
half of it (nisfahu substitutes for qalīlan, with ‘little’ [being little by]
taking into account the whole [night]), or reduce of it, of the half, a little,
up to a third,
أَوْ زِدْ
عَلَيْهِ وَرَتِّلِ الْقُرْآنَ تَرْتِيلًا
Pronunciation
Aw
zid AAalayhi warattili alqur-anatarteela
Translation
Or
add to it, and recite the Qur'an with measured recitation.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
or
add to it, up to two thirds (aw implies [free] choice), and recite the Qur’ān,
recite it carefully, in a measured tone.
إِنَّا سَنُلْقِي
عَلَيْكَ قَوْلًا ثَقِيلًا
Pronunciation
Inna
sanulqee AAalayka qawlan thaqeela
Translation
Indeed,
We will cast upon you a heavy word.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Verily
[soon] We shall cast on you a weighty, an awe-inspiring or stern, word, [a
weighty] Qur’ān, because of the prescriptions [imposed] in it.
إِنَّ نَاشِئَةَ
اللَّيْلِ هِيَ أَشَدُّ وَطْئًا وَأَقْوَمُ قِيلًا
Pronunciation
Inna
nashi-ata allayli hiya ashaddu wat-anwaaqwamu qeela
Translation
Indeed,
the hours of the night are more effective for concurrence [of heart and tongue]
and more suitable for words.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Assuredly
rising in the night, to wake up after [having been in] sleep, is firmer in
tread, [more] conducive to [establishing] harmony between the hearing and the
heart for the purpose of comprehending the Qur’ān, and more upright in respect
to speech, clearer for utterance [of devotions].
إِنَّ لَكَ فِي
النَّهَارِ سَبْحًا طَوِيلًا
Pronunciation
Inna
laka fee annahari sabhantaweela
Translation
Indeed,
for you by day is prolonged occupation.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
[For]
assuredly during the day you have extended engagements, administering your
affairs, and you do not have the time to recite Qur’ān.
وَاذْكُرِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ
وَتَبَتَّلْ إِلَيْهِ تَبْتِيلًا
Pronunciation
Wathkuri
isma rabbikawatabattal ilayhi tabteela
Translation
And
remember the name of your Lord and devote yourself to Him with [complete]
devotion.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
mention the Name of your Lord, that is, say, bi’smi’Llāhi’l-rahmāni’l-rahīm,
‘In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful’, to begin your
recitation, and devote yourself [exclusively] to Him with complete devotion
(tabtīlan is the verbal noun from batala, used here [instead of tabattulan] in
order to concord with the end-rhyme of the verses) for he [the Prophet] is
obliged to devote himself to God.
رَّبُّ
الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ فَاتَّخِذْهُ وَكِيلًا
Pronunciation
Rabbu
almashriqi walmaghribi lailaha illa huwa fattakhithhu wakeela
Translation
[He
is] the Lord of the East and the West; there is no deity except Him, so take
Him as Disposer of [your] affairs.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
is, Lord of the east and the west; there is no god except Him, so take Him for
a Guardian, entrusting your affairs to Him,
وَاصْبِرْ عَلَىٰ
مَا يَقُولُونَ وَاهْجُرْهُمْ هَجْرًا جَمِيلًا
Pronunciation
Wasbir
AAala mayaqooloona wahjurhum hajran jameela
Translation
And
be patient over what they say and avoid them with gracious avoidance.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
bear patiently what they say, that is, the disbelievers of Mecca, in the way of
their maltreatment [of you], and part with them in a gracious manner, without
any anguish — this was [revealed] before the command to fight them.
وَذَرْنِي
وَالْمُكَذِّبِينَ أُولِي النَّعْمَةِ وَمَهِّلْهُمْ قَلِيلًا
Pronunciation
Watharnee
walmukaththibeenaolee annaAAmati wamahhilhum qaleela
Translation
And
leave Me with [the matter of] the deniers, those of ease [in life], and allow
them respite a little.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
leave Me [to deal] with the deniers (wa’l-mukadhdhibīna is a supplement to the
direct object, or [it is] an object of accompaniment; the meaning is: ‘I will
avail you of them’, they being the doughty [leaders] of Quraysh), those
enjoying affluence, and respite them a little, while — they were killed soon
afterwards at Badr.
إِنَّ لَدَيْنَا
أَنكَالًا وَجَحِيمًا
Pronunciation
Inna
ladayna ankalan wajaheema
Translation
Indeed,
with Us [for them] are shackles and burning fire
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
[For]
indeed with Us are heavy fetters (ankāl is the plural of nikl), heavy shackles,
and a hell-fire, a scorching Fire,
وَطَعَامًا ذَا
غُصَّةٍ وَعَذَابًا أَلِيمًا
Pronunciation
WataAAaman
tha ghussatinwaAAathaban aleema
Translation
And
food that chokes and a painful punishment -
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
a food that chokes, one that causes the throat to choke, and this is [either]
zaqqūm [cf. Q. 44:43], darī‘ [cf. Q. 88:6], ghislīn [cf. Q. 69:36] or thorns of
fire, which can neither be vomited nor ingested, and a painful chastisement, in
addition to the [punishment] mentioned, for those who deny the Prophet (s),
يَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ
الْأَرْضُ وَالْجِبَالُ وَكَانَتِ الْجِبَالُ كَثِيبًا مَّهِيلًا
Pronunciation
Yawma
tarjufu al-ardu waljibaluwakanati aljibalu katheeban maheela
Translation
On
the Day the earth and the mountains will convulse and the mountains will become
a heap of sand pouring down.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
on
the day when the earth and the mountains will quake and the mountains will be
like heaps of shifting sand (mahīl derives from hāla, yahīlu; it is actually
mahyūl, but the damma sound is considered too heavy for the yā’ and is
therefore transposed onto the hā’, while the wāw, the second of two unvocalised
consonants, is omitted on account of it being extra, and the damma is replaced
by a kasra because of its [phonetic] affinity the [letter] yā’).
إِنَّا
أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولًا شَاهِدًا عَلَيْكُمْ كَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَىٰ
فِرْعَوْنَ رَسُولًا
Pronunciation
Inna
arsalna ilaykum rasoolanshahidan AAalaykum kama arsalna ilafirAAawna rasoola
Translation
Indeed,
We have sent to you a Messenger as a witness upon you just as We sent to
Pharaoh a messenger.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
We
have indeed sent to you, O people of Mecca, a Messenger, namely, Muhammad (s),
to be a witness against you, on the Day of Resurrection to any disobedience
that you engage in, just as We sent to Pharaoh a messenger, namely, Moses,
peace be upon him.
فَعَصَىٰ
فِرْعَوْنُ الرَّسُولَ فَأَخَذْنَاهُ أَخْذًا وَبِيلًا
Pronunciation
FaAAasa
firAAawnu arrasoolafaakhathnahu akhthan wabeela
Translation
But
Pharaoh disobeyed the messenger, so We seized him with a ruinous seizure.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But
Pharaoh disobeyed the messenger, so We seized him with a severe seizing.
فَكَيْفَ
تَتَّقُونَ إِن كَفَرْتُمْ يَوْمًا يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَانَ شِيبًا
Pronunciation
Fakayfa
tattaqoona in kafartum yawmanyajAAalu alwildana sheeba
Translation
Then
how can you fear, if you disbelieve, a Day that will make the children white-
haired?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So,
if you disbelieve, in this world, how will you guard against a day (yawman is
the direct object of tattaqūna, ‘you guard against’) that is, against the
chastisement thereof, by what defence will you defend yourselves against the
chastisement of a day, that will make the children grey-haired (shīb is the
plural of ashyab) by the severity of its terrors, this being the Day of Resurrection
(the shīn of shīb should actually have a damma, but it is given a kasra because
of its [phonetic] affinity with the yā’) — a distressing day is described as
being ‘a day that makes the forelocks of children turn grey’, which is
[usually] understood figuratively; but it may be that in the case of this verse
it is meant literally —
السَّمَاءُ
مُنفَطِرٌ بِهِ ۚ كَانَ وَعْدُهُ مَفْعُولًا
Pronunciation
Assamao
munfatirunbihi kana waAAduhu mafAAoola
Translation
The
heaven will break apart therefrom; ever is His promise fulfilled.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
with
the heaven being rent asunder thereon, on that Day, because of its severity.
His promise, exalted be He, of the coming of that [Day], shall be fulfilled, that
is to say, it will come to pass without doubt.
إِنَّ هَٰذِهِ
تَذْكِرَةٌ ۖ فَمَن شَاءَ اتَّخَذَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِ سَبِيلًا
Pronunciation
Inna
hathihi tathkiratun famanshaa ittakhatha ila rabbihi sabeela
Translation
Indeed,
this is a reminder, so whoever wills may take to his Lord a way.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Indeed
these, threatening verses, are a reminder, an admonition for all creatures. Let
him who will, then, choose a way to his Lord, a path [to Him], through faith
and obedience.
إِنَّ رَبَّكَ
يَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ تَقُومُ أَدْنَىٰ مِن ثُلُثَيِ اللَّيْلِ وَنِصْفَهُ وَثُلُثَهُ
وَطَائِفَةٌ مِّنَ الَّذِينَ مَعَكَ ۚ وَاللَّهُ
يُقَدِّرُ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ ۚ عَلِمَ أَن لَّن
تُحْصُوهُ فَتَابَ عَلَيْكُمْ ۖ فَاقْرَءُوا مَا
تَيَسَّرَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ ۚ عَلِمَ أَن
سَيَكُونُ مِنكُم مَّرْضَىٰ ۙ وَآخَرُونَ
يَضْرِبُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ يَبْتَغُونَ مِن فَضْلِ اللَّهِ ۙ وَآخَرُونَ
يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۖ فَاقْرَءُوا مَا
تَيَسَّرَ مِنْهُ ۚ وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ
وَأَقْرِضُوا اللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا ۚ وَمَا
تُقَدِّمُوا لِأَنفُسِكُم مِّنْ خَيْرٍ تَجِدُوهُ عِندَ اللَّهِ هُوَ خَيْرًا
وَأَعْظَمَ أَجْرًا ۚ وَاسْتَغْفِرُوا اللَّهَ ۖ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Inna
rabbaka yaAAlamu annaka taqoomu adnamin thuluthayi allayli wanisfahu
wathuluthahu wata-ifatunmina allatheena maAAaka wallahu yuqaddiruallayla
wannahara AAalima an lan tuhsoohufataba AAalaykum faqraoo ma tayassara
minaalqur-ani AAalima an sayakoonu minkum marda waakharoonayadriboona fee
al-ardi yabtaghoona min fadliAllahi waakharoona yuqatiloona fee sabeeliAllahi
faqraoo ma tayassara minhu waaqeemooassalata waatoo azzakatawaaqridoo Allaha
qardan hasanan wamatuqaddimoo li-anfusikum min khayrin tajidoohu AAinda
Allahihuwa khayran waaAAthama ajran wastaghfirooAllaha inna Allaha ghafoorun
raheem
Translation
Indeed,
your Lord knows, [O Muhammad], that you stand [in prayer] almost two thirds of
the night or half of it or a third of it, and [so do] a group of those with
you. And Allah determines [the extent of] the night and the day. He has known
that you [Muslims] will not be able to do it and has turned to you in
forgiveness, so recite what is easy [for you] of the Qur'an. He has known that
there will be among you those who are ill and others traveling throughout the
land seeking [something] of the bounty of Allah and others fighting for the
cause of Allah . So recite what is easy from it and establish prayer and give
zakah and loan Allah a goodly loan. And whatever good you put forward for
yourselves - you will find it with Allah . It is better and greater in reward.
And seek forgiveness of Allah . Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Assuredly
your Lord knows that you stand vigil less than two thirds of the night, or [at
times] a half of it or a third of it (if read wa-nisfihi wa-thuluthihi, then
these constitute a supplement to thuluthay, ‘two thirds’; if read wa-nisfahu
wa-thuluthahu, then a supplement to adnā, ‘less than’) — his keeping vigil in
the way mentioned is in accordance with what was enjoined on him at the
beginning of this sūra — along with a group of those with you (wa-tā’ifatun
mina’lladhīna ma‘aka constitutes a supplement to the subject [of the verb] taqūmu,
‘you stand vigil’, but it may also constitute, although it is not certain, a
separating clause). The keeping vigil by some of his companions in this way
indicates their emulation of him. Some of them could not tell how much of the
night they had spent in prayer and how much of it had remained, and would
therefore keep vigil all night as a precaution; and so they used to keep vigil
[in this way] for a whole year or more with their feet swollen, until God
alleviated matters for them. He, exalted be He, says: and God keeps measures,
He keeps count of, the night and the day. He knows that (an: softened in place
of the hardened form, its subject having been omitted, that is to say, annahu)
you will not be able to keep count of it, that is, the [length of the] night,
so that you may perform the vigil at the time in which it is required unless
you stay up all night, which is hard on you, and so He has relented to you,
making you revert to what is easier. So recite as much as is feasible of the
Qur’ān, during prayer, by performing as much prayer as is feasible. He knows
that (an: softened in place of the hardened form, that is to say, annahu) some
of you will be sick, while others will be travelling in the land, seeking the
bounty of God, seeking of His provision through commerce and otherwise, and
others will be fighting in the way of God: for each of the three groups
mentioned the keeping of nightly vigil is hard, and so God has alleviated
things for them by [enjoining on them] what is feasible.
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