Surat
Al-Jinn (The Jinn) - سورة الجن
[In
the Name of ALLAH, the ENTIRELY MERCIFUL, the ESPECIALLY MERCIFUL]
72:1
قُلْ أُوحِيَ
إِلَيَّ أَنَّهُ اسْتَمَعَ نَفَرٌ مِّنَ الْجِنِّ فَقَالُوا إِنَّا سَمِعْنَا
قُرْآنًا عَجَبًا
Pronunciation
Qul
oohiya ilayya annahu istamaAAanafarun mina aljinni faqaloo inna
samiAAnaqur-anan AAajaba
Translation
Say,
[O Muhammad], "It has been revealed to me that a group of the jinn
listened and said, 'Indeed, we have heard an amazing Qur'an.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say,
O Muhammad (s), to people: ‘It has been revealed to me, that is to say, I have
been informed by way of revelation from God, exalted be He, that (annahu: the
[suffixed] pronoun is that of the matter) a company of the jinn, the jinn of
Nasībīn. This was at the time of the morning prayer at Batn Nakhla, a location
between Mecca and Tā’if — these [jinn] being those mentioned in God’s saying,
And when We sent a company of jinn your way…’ [Q. 46:29] — listened, to my
recitation, then said, to their people upon returning to them: “We have indeed
heard a marvellous Qur’ān, whose clarity, the richness of its meanings and
other aspects one marvels at,
يَهْدِي إِلَى
الرُّشْدِ فَآمَنَّا بِهِ ۖ وَلَن نُّشْرِكَ
بِرَبِّنَا أَحَدًا
Pronunciation
Yahdee
ila arrushdi faamannabihi walan nushrika birabbina ahada
Translation
It
guides to the right course, and we have believed in it. And we will never
associate with our Lord anyone.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
which
guides to rectitude, to faith and propriety. Therefore we believe in it and we
will never, after this day, associate anyone with our Lord.
وَأَنَّهُ
تَعَالَىٰ جَدُّ رَبِّنَا مَا اتَّخَذَ صَاحِبَةً وَلَا وَلَدًا
Pronunciation
Waannahu
taAAala jaddu rabbinama ittakhatha sahibatan wala walada
Translation
And
[it teaches] that exalted is the nobleness of our Lord; He has not taken a wife
or a son
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
[we believe] that (annahu: the pronoun in this and in the next two instances is
that of the matter) — exalted be the majesty of our Lord, transcendent is His
majesty and magnificence above what is ascribed to Him — He has taken neither
spouse nor son.
وَأَنَّهُ كَانَ
يَقُولُ سَفِيهُنَا عَلَى اللَّهِ شَطَطًا
Pronunciation
Waannahu
kana yaqoolu safeehunaAAala Allahi shatata
Translation
And
that our foolish one has been saying about Allah an excessive transgression.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
that the fool among us, the ignorant one among us, used to utter atrocious lies
against God, extreme calumny by attributing to Him a spouse and a son.
وَأَنَّا
ظَنَنَّا أَن لَّن تَقُولَ الْإِنسُ وَالْجِنُّ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا
Pronunciation
Waanna
thanannaan lan taqoola al-insu waljinnu AAala Allahikathiba
Translation
And
we had thought that mankind and the jinn would never speak about Allah a lie.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
we thought that (an: softened, that is to say, annahu) humans and jinn would
never utter a lie against God, by attributing such things to Him, until we
discovered their mendacity thereby. God, exalted be He, says:
وَأَنَّهُ كَانَ
رِجَالٌ مِّنَ الْإِنسِ يَعُوذُونَ بِرِجَالٍ مِّنَ الْجِنِّ فَزَادُوهُمْ رَهَقًا
Pronunciation
Waannahu
kana rijalun minaal-insi yaAAoothoona birijalin mina aljinni fazadoohumrahaqa
Translation
And
there were men from mankind who sought refuge in men from the jinn, so they
[only] increased them in burden.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
that certain individuals of mankind used to seek the protection of certain
individuals of the jinn, when they stopped over in dangerous places during
their journeys — whereat every man would say, ‘I seek the protection of the
lord of this place against the evil of the insolent ones in it’ — so that they
increased them, by their seeking their protection, in oppressiveness, such that
they would say, ‘We are now lords of jinn and humans!’.
وَأَنَّهُمْ
ظَنُّوا كَمَا ظَنَنتُمْ أَن لَّن يَبْعَثَ اللَّهُ أَحَدًا
Pronunciation
Waannahum
thannoo kama thanantuman lan yabAAatha Allahu ahada
Translation
And
they had thought, as you thought, that Allah would never send anyone [as a
messenger].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they, namely, the jinn, thought just as you, O humans, thought, that (an:
softened in place of the hardened form, that is to say, annahu) God would never
raise anyone, after his death.
وَأَنَّا
لَمَسْنَا السَّمَاءَ فَوَجَدْنَاهَا مُلِئَتْ حَرَسًا شَدِيدًا وَشُهُبًا
Pronunciation
Waanna
lamasna assamaafawajadnaha muli-at harasan shadeedanwashuhuba
Translation
And
we have sought [to reach] the heaven but found it filled with powerful guards
and burning flames.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
jinn say: And we made for the heaven, we desired to listen by stealth, but we
found it filled with mighty guards, from among the angels, and meteors,
scorching stars: this was at the time of the sending of the Prophet (s).
وَأَنَّا كُنَّا
نَقْعُدُ مِنْهَا مَقَاعِدَ لِلسَّمْعِ ۖ فَمَن
يَسْتَمِعِ الْآنَ يَجِدْ لَهُ شِهَابًا رَّصَدًا
Pronunciation
Waanna
kunna naqAAudu minhamaqaAAida lissamAAi faman yastamiAAi al-anayajid lahu
shihaban rasada
Translation
And
we used to sit therein in positions for hearing, but whoever listens now will
find a burning flame lying in wait for him.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
we used to, that is to say, before his Mission, sit in [certain] places therein
to listen in; but anyone listening now will find a meteor lying in wait for
him, aimed at him, ready to strike him.
وَأَنَّا لَا
نَدْرِي أَشَرٌّ أُرِيدَ بِمَن فِي الْأَرْضِ أَمْ أَرَادَ بِهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ
رَشَدًا
Pronunciation
Waanna
la nadree asharrunoreeda biman fee al-ardi am arada bihim rabbuhumrashada
Translation
And
we do not know [therefore] whether evil is intended for those on earth or
whether their Lord intends for them a right course.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
we do not know, by not being able to eavesdrop by stealth, whether ill is
intended for those who are in the earth, or whether their Lord intends for them
good.
وَأَنَّا مِنَّا
الصَّالِحُونَ وَمِنَّا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ ۖ كُنَّا
طَرَائِقَ قِدَدًا
Pronunciation
Waanna
minna assalihoonawaminna doona thalika kunna tara-iqaqidada
Translation
And
among us are the righteous, and among us are [others] not so; we were [of] divided
ways.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
that among us some have become righteous, after having listened to the Qur’ān,
and some of us are otherwise, that is to say, a folk who are unrighteous; we
are [made up of] different sects, opposing groups, [some] submitters to God and
[others] disbelievers.
وَأَنَّا
ظَنَنَّا أَن لَّن نُّعْجِزَ اللَّهَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَن نُّعْجِزَهُ هَرَبًا
Pronunciation
Wanna
thanannaan lan nuAAjiza Allaha fee al-ardi walan nuAAjizahuharaba
Translation
And
we have become certain that we will never cause failure to Allah upon earth,
nor can we escape Him by flight.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
we assume that (an: softened in place of the hardened form, that is to say,
annahu) we will never be able to elude God in the earth, nor will we be able to
elude Him by fleeing — we will not be able to escape Him, whether we are on
earth or, fleeing from it, in the heavens.
وَأَنَّا لَمَّا
سَمِعْنَا الْهُدَىٰ آمَنَّا بِهِ ۖ فَمَن يُؤْمِن
بِرَبِّهِ فَلَا يَخَافُ بَخْسًا وَلَا رَهَقًا
Pronunciation
Waanna
lamma samiAAnaalhuda amanna bihi faman yu/min birabbihifala yakhafu bakhsan
wala rahaqa
Translation
And
when we heard the guidance, we believed in it. And whoever believes in his Lord
will not fear deprivation or burden.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
that when we heard the guidance, the Qur’ān, we believed in it. For whoever
believes in his Lord (read an implied huwa, ‘he’, [before fa-lā yakhāfu]) shall
fear neither loss, a diminishing of his good deeds, nor oppression, [nor]
injustice, by having his evil deeds increased.
وَأَنَّا مِنَّا
الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَمِنَّا الْقَاسِطُونَ ۖ فَمَنْ أَسْلَمَ
فَأُولَٰئِكَ تَحَرَّوْا رَشَدًا
Pronunciation
Waanna
minna almuslimoonawaminna alqasitoona faman aslama faola-ikataharraw rashada
Translation
And
among us are Muslims [in submission to Allah ], and among us are the unjust.
And whoever has become Muslim - those have sought out the right course.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
that among us some have submitted [to God], while some of us are unjust,
tyrants — on account of their disbelief. So whoever has submitted [to God],
those are the ones who seek right guidance.
وَأَمَّا
الْقَاسِطُونَ فَكَانُوا لِجَهَنَّمَ حَطَبًا
Pronunciation
Waama
alqasitoona fakanoolijahannama hataba
Translation
But
as for the unjust, they will be, for Hell, firewood.'
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
as for those are unjust, they will be firewood, fuel, for Hell!” ’ (annā,
annahum, and annahu totalling all twelve instances [above], including innahu
ta‘ālā and annā minnā’l-muslimūna and what comes in between them may be read
with a kasra [sc. innā, innahum etc.] indicating a new sentence [every time], or
with a fatha [sc. annā, annahum etc.] indicating the statement that will follow
[as a relative clause]).
وَأَن لَّوِ
اسْتَقَامُوا عَلَى الطَّرِيقَةِ لَأَسْقَيْنَاهُم مَّاءً غَدَقًا
Pronunciation
Waallawi
istaqamoo AAala attareeqatilaasqaynahum maan ghadaqa
Translation
And
[Allah revealed] that if they had remained straight on the way, We would have
given them abundant provision
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
God,
exalted be He, says [the following] about the Meccan disbelievers: And [it has
been revealed to me] that if they (allaw: softened in place of the hardened
form, its subject having been omitted, that is to say, annahum [law], which is
a supplement to annahu istama‘a, ‘that [a company of jinn] listened’) adopt the
[right] path, the path of submission [to God], We will give them abundant water
to drink, plenteous [water], from the heaven — this was after rain had been
withheld from them for seven years —
لِّنَفْتِنَهُمْ
فِيهِ ۚ وَمَن يُعْرِضْ عَن ذِكْرِ رَبِّهِ يَسْلُكْهُ
عَذَابًا صَعَدًا
Pronunciation
Linaftinahum
feehi waman yuAArid AAanthikri rabbihi yasluk-hu AAathaban saAAada
Translation
So
We might test them therein. And whoever turns away from the remembrance of his
Lord He will put into arduous punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
so
that We may try them, test them, therein, and so know, through knowledge
outwardly manifested, the nature of their gratitude. And whoever turns away
from the remembrance of his Lord, [from] the Qur’ān, We will admit him
(naslukhu, or read [first person] yaslukhu, ‘He will admit him’) into a
tortuous chastisement.
وَأَنَّ
الْمَسَاجِدَ لِلَّهِ فَلَا تَدْعُوا مَعَ اللَّهِ أَحَدًا
Pronunciation
Waanna
almasajida lillahi falatadAAoo maAAa Allahi ahada
Translation
And
[He revealed] that the masjids are for Allah, so do not invoke with Allah
anyone.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
[it has been revealed to me] that the places of prayer belong to God, so do not
invoke, in them, anyone along with God, by associating others with Him, like
the Jews and Christians do, who, when they enter their churches and temples,
they ascribe partners to God.
وَأَنَّهُ لَمَّا
قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُوا يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَدًا
Pronunciation
Waannahu
lamma qama AAabdu AllahiyadAAoohu kadoo yakoonoona AAalayhi libada
Translation
And
that when the Servant of Allah stood up supplicating Him, they almost became
about him a compacted mass."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
that (annahu; or innahu as a new sentence, the pronoun being that of the
matter) when the servant of God, the Prophet Muhammad (s), rose to invoke Him,
to worship Him, at Batn Nakhla, they, that is, the jinn listening to his
recitation, were almost upon him in heaps (libadan or lubadan, the plural of
libda [or lubda], like felt in the way they were heaped on top of one another,
crowding in their eagerness to listen to the Qur’ān).
قُلْ إِنَّمَا
أَدْعُو رَبِّي وَلَا أُشْرِكُ بِهِ أَحَدًا
Pronunciation
Qul
innama adAAoo rabbee walaoshriku bihi ahada
Translation
Say,
[O Muhammad], "I only invoke my Lord and do not associate with Him
anyone."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, in response to the disbelievers saying, ‘Abandon this affair of yours!’
(a variant reading [for qāla, ‘he said’], has qul, ‘Say:’) ‘I invoke only my
Lord, as God, and I do not associate anyone with Him’.
قُلْ إِنِّي لَا
أَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ ضَرًّا وَلَا رَشَدًا
Pronunciation
Qul
innee la amliku lakum darranwala rashada
Translation
Say,
"Indeed, I do not possess for you [the power of] harm or right
direction."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say:
‘I truly have no power to bring you any harm, to lead [you] astray, or any
guidance’, any good.
قُلْ إِنِّي لَن
يُجِيرَنِي مِنَ اللَّهِ أَحَدٌ وَلَنْ أَجِدَ مِن دُونِهِ مُلْتَحَدًا
Pronunciation
Qul
innee lan yujeeranee mina Allahiahadun walan ajida min doonihi multahada
Translation
Say,
"Indeed, there will never protect me from Allah anyone [if I should
disobey], nor will I find in other than Him a refuge.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say:
‘Indeed none shall protect me from God, from His chastisement, were I to
disobey Him, and I shall never find besides Him, that is, other than Him, any
refuge.
إِلَّا بَلَاغًا
مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرِسَالَاتِهِ ۚ وَمَن يَعْصِ
اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَإِنَّ لَهُ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا
Pronunciation
Illa
balaghan mina Allahiwarisalatihi waman yaAAsi Allahawarasoolahu fa-inna lahu
nara jahannama khalideenafeeha abada
Translation
But
[I have for you] only notification from Allah, and His messages." And whoever
disobeys Allah and His Messenger - then indeed, for him is the fire of Hell;
they will abide therein forever.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
[I
have power to bring you] only a communication (illā balāghan is excepted from
the direct object clause of amliku, ‘I have power [to bring]’, that is to say,
I have power only to communicate [the Message] to you, from God, that is, on
His behalf, and His Messages (wa-risālātihi is a supplement to balāghan, ‘a
communication’; what comes between the excepted clause and the clause from
which it is excepted is a parenthetical statement intended to emphasise the
preclusion of [the Prophet’s] ‘ability [to bring them anything else]’). And
whoever disobeys God and His Messenger, concerning the affirmation of [His]
Oneness, and hence does not believe — indeed there will be for him the fire of
Hell, abiding (khālidīna is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the person
indicated by man, ‘whoever’, in lahu, ‘for him’, taking into account its
[plural] import; it [khālidīna] is also an implied circumstantial qualifier, in
other words, they shall enter it with their abiding having been preordained)
therein forever’.
حَتَّىٰ إِذَا
رَأَوْا مَا يُوعَدُونَ فَسَيَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ أَضْعَفُ نَاصِرًا وَأَقَلُّ عَدَدًا
Pronunciation
Hatta
itha raaw mayooAAadoona fasayaAAlamoona man adAAafu nasiranwaaqallu AAadada
Translation
[The
disbelievers continue] until, when they see that which they are promised, then
they will know who is weaker in helpers and less in number.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Such
that when they see (hattā is for inceptiveness, [but] also entailing a
purposive sense to an implied preceding clause, that is to say, they persist in
their disbelief until they come to see …) what they are promised, of
chastisement, they will then know, at the moment that it befalls them, [either]
on the day of Badr or on the Day of Resurrection, who is weaker in supporters
and fewer in numbers, in assistants: is it them or the believers — according to
the former [reading]? Or, is it Me or them, according to the latter. Some of
them said, ‘When will this promise be [fulfilled]?’, whereupon the following
was revealed:
قُلْ إِنْ
أَدْرِي أَقَرِيبٌ مَّا تُوعَدُونَ أَمْ يَجْعَلُ لَهُ رَبِّي أَمَدًا
Pronunciation
Qul
in adree aqareebun ma tooAAadoonaam yajAAalu lahu rabbee amada
Translation
Say,
"I do not know if what you are promised is near or if my Lord will grant
for it a [long] period."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say:
‘I do not know if what you are promised, of chastisement, is near, or if my
Lord has set a [distant] length for it, an extent and a term which only He
knows.
عَالِمُ
الْغَيْبِ فَلَا يُظْهِرُ عَلَىٰ غَيْبِهِ أَحَدًا
Pronunciation
AAalimu
alghaybi fala yuthhiruAAala ghaybihi ahada
Translation
[He
is] Knower of the unseen, and He does not disclose His [knowledge of the]
unseen to anyone
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Knower
[He is] of the Unseen, what is hidden from servants, and He does not disclose,
He [does not] reveal, His Unseen to anyone, from mankind,
إِلَّا مَنِ
ارْتَضَىٰ مِن رَّسُولٍ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْلُكُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ
رَصَدًا
Pronunciation
Illa
mani irtada min rasoolinfa-innahu yasluku min bayni yadayhi wamin khalfihi
rasada
Translation
Except
whom He has approved of messengers, and indeed, He sends before each messenger
and behind him observers
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
except
to a messenger of whom He approves. Then, in addition to disclosing to him what
He will [to disclose] of it, by way of [making it] a miracle for him, He
despatches, He appoints and sends forth, before him, namely, the Messenger, and
behind him watchers, angels to preserve him until He has conveyed [it] to him
as part of the [entire] revelation,
لِّيَعْلَمَ أَن
قَدْ أَبْلَغُوا رِسَالَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَأَحَاطَ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ وَأَحْصَىٰ
كُلَّ شَيْءٍ عَدَدًا
Pronunciation
LiyaAAlama
an qad ablaghoo risalatirabbihim waahata bima ladayhim waahsa kullashay-in
AAadada
Translation
That
he may know that they have conveyed the messages of their Lord; and He has
encompassed whatever is with them and has enumerated all things in number.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
so
that He, God, may know, by knowledge outwardly manifested, that (an: softened
in place of the hardened form, that is to say, annahu) they, that is, the
messengers, have conveyed the Messages of their Lord (the plural person [of the
verb ablaghū, ‘they have conveyed’] takes into account [the plural] implication
of man, ‘whom’), and He encompasses all that is with them (wa-ahāta bimā
ladayhim is a supplement to an implied clause, that is to say: so He has
knowledge of that) and keeps count of all things’ (‘adadan, ‘count’, is for
specification; it is transformed from a direct object [sc. ‘adada], originally:
ahsā ‘adada kulli shay’in, ‘He keeps count of all things’).
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