Surat
Al-Fajr (The Dawn) - سورة الفجر
[In
the Name of ALLAH, the ENTIRELY MERCIFUL, the ESPECIALLY MERCIFUL]
89:1
وَالْفَجْرِ
Pronunciation
Walfajr
Translation
By
the dawn
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
By
the dawn, that is to say, [by] the dawn of each day,
وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍ
Pronunciation
Walayalin
AAashr
Translation
And
[by] ten nights
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
[by] the ten nights, the [first] ten nights of Dhū’l-Hijja,
وَالشَّفْعِ
وَالْوَتْرِ
Pronunciation
WashshafAAi
walwatr
Translation
And
[by] the even [number] and the odd
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
[by] the even, the pair, and the odd (read watr or witr, two [alternative]
forms), the single,
وَاللَّيْلِ
إِذَا يَسْرِ
Pronunciation
Wallayli
itha yasr
Translation
And
[by] the night when it passes,
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
[by] the night in motion, falling or receding:
هَلْ فِي ذَٰلِكَ
قَسَمٌ لِّذِي حِجْرٍ
Pronunciation
Hal
fee thalika qasamun lithee hijr
Translation
Is
there [not] in [all] that an oath [sufficient] for one of perception?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Is
there in that, oath, an oath for one of sense?, [one of] intellect (the
response to the oath has been omitted, that is to say, [it is to be understood
as something like], la-tu‘adhdhabunna yā kuffāra Makka, ‘you will assuredly be
chastised O disbelievers of Mecca!’).
أَلَمْ تَرَ
كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ
Pronunciation
Alam
tara kayfa faAAala rabbuka biAAad
Translation
Have
you not considered how your Lord dealt with 'Aad -
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Have
you not seen, [do you not] know O Muhammad (s), how your Lord dealt with ‘Ād,
إِرَمَ ذَاتِ
الْعِمَادِ
Pronunciation
Irama
thati alAAimad
Translation
[With]
Iram - who had lofty pillars,
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Iram
— these were the former [people of] ‘Ād (Irama is an explicative supplement or
a substitution, and it is treated as a diptote because it is a proper noun and
feminine) — of the towering ones, that is to say, the tall ones — the tallest
one among them would reach four hundred cubits —
الَّتِي لَمْ
يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ
Pronunciation
Allatee
lam yukhlaq mithluha fee albilad
Translation
The
likes of whom had never been created in the land?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
the
like of which was not created in the land, in terms of their power of assault
and strength,
وَثَمُودَ
الَّذِينَ جَابُوا الصَّخْرَ بِالْوَادِ
Pronunciation
Wathamooda
allatheena jaboo assakhrabilwad
Translation
And
[with] Thamud, who carved out the rocks in the valley?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
Thamūd, who hollowed, hewed, the rocks (sakhr is the plural of sakhra) in the
valley, the Wādī al-Qurā, [rocks] which they used as dwellings,
وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِي
الْأَوْتَادِ
Pronunciation
WafirAAawna
thee al-awtad
Translation
And
[with] Pharaoh, owner of the stakes? -
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
Pharaoh, the one of the tent-pegs: he used to fasten four pegs and tie to these
the hands and feet of those whom he tortured —
الَّذِينَ
طَغَوْا فِي الْبِلَادِ
Pronunciation
Allatheena
taghaw fee albilad
Translation
[All
of] whom oppressed within the lands
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
those
who were rebellious, became tyrannical, in the land,
فَأَكْثَرُوا
فِيهَا الْفَسَادَ
Pronunciation
Faaktharoo
feeha alfasad
Translation
And
increased therein the corruption.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
caused much corruption therein?, [by way of] slaying and otherwise.
فَصَبَّ
عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ
Pronunciation
Fasabba
AAalayhim rabbuka sawtaAAathab
Translation
So
your Lord poured upon them a scourge of punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
your Lord poured on them a scourge of chastisement.
إِنَّ رَبَّكَ
لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ
Pronunciation
Inna
rabbaka labilmirsad
Translation
Indeed,
your Lord is in observation.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Assuredly
your Lord is ever on the watch, watching over the deeds of servants, nothing of
which escapes Him, that He may then requite them for these [deeds].
فَأَمَّا
الْإِنسَانُ إِذَا مَا ابْتَلَاهُ رَبُّهُ فَأَكْرَمَهُ وَنَعَّمَهُ فَيَقُولُ
رَبِّي أَكْرَمَنِ
Pronunciation
Faamma
al-insanu itha maibtalahu rabbuhu faakramahu wanaAAAAamahu fayaqoolu
rabbeeakraman
Translation
And
as for man, when his Lord tries him and [thus] is generous to him and favors
him, he says, "My Lord has honored me."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
as for man, the disbeliever, whenever his Lord tests him and honours him, with
wealth and other things, and is gracious to him, he says, ‘My Lord has honoured
me’.
وَأَمَّا إِذَا
مَا ابْتَلَاهُ فَقَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّي أَهَانَنِ
Pronunciation
Waamma
itha ma ibtalahufaqadara AAalayhi rizqahu fayaqoolu rabbee ahanan
Translation
But
when He tries him and restricts his provision, he says, "My Lord has humiliated
me."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But
when he tests him and restricts his provision for him, he says, ‘My Lord has
humiliated me’.
كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا
تُكْرِمُونَ الْيَتِيمَ
Pronunciation
Kalla
bal la tukrimoonaalyateem
Translation
No!
But you do not honor the orphan
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
No
indeed! — a disavowal [of this notion], in other words, honour is not about
wealth, nor is there any humiliation in poverty, rather it has to do with
obedience and disobedience [respectively]; but the disbelievers of Mecca
unmindful of this. Rather they do not honour the orphan, they do not treat him
with kindness, despite their wealth, or [it means that] they do not give him
what is his due from an inheritance,
وَلَا
تَحَاضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ
Pronunciation
Wala
tahaddoona AAala taAAamialmiskeen
Translation
And
you do not encourage one another to feed the poor.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
they do not urge, neither themselves nor others, the feeding of the needy;
وَتَأْكُلُونَ
التُّرَاثَ أَكْلًا لَّمًّا
Pronunciation
Wata/kuloona
atturatha aklanlamma
Translation
And
you consume inheritance, devouring [it] altogether,
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
they devour inheritance (turāth means mīrāth) greedily (lamman), that is to
say, voraciously, when they appropriate (lammuhum) the women’s and the young
ones’ share of the inheritance together with their own share of it, or to their
own wealth;
وَتُحِبُّونَ
الْمَالَ حُبًّا جَمًّا
Pronunciation
Watuhibboona
almala hubbanjamma
Translation
And
you love wealth with immense love.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
they love wealth with abounding love, that is to say, greatly, and so they do
not expend [any] of it (a variant reading in the case of all four verbs has the
second person plural).
كَلَّا إِذَا
دُكَّتِ الْأَرْضُ دَكًّا دَكًّا
Pronunciation
Kalla
itha dukkati al-ardudakkan dakka
Translation
No!
When the earth has been leveled - pounded and crushed -
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
No
indeed! — a deterrent for them from such [conduct]. When the earth is
pulverised repeatedly, when it is shaken until every edifice has collapsed and
is destroyed,
وَجَاءَ رَبُّكَ
وَالْمَلَكُ صَفًّا صَفًّا
Pronunciation
Wajaa
rabbuka walmalaku saffansaffa
Translation
And
your Lord has come and the angels, rank upon rank,
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
your Lord, that is to say, His command, and the angels arrive rank on rank
(saffan saffan is a circumstantial qualifier, meaning ‘standing in rows’ or
‘made up of many ranks’),
وَجِيءَ
يَوْمَئِذٍ بِجَهَنَّمَ ۚ يَوْمَئِذٍ
يَتَذَكَّرُ الْإِنسَانُ وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُ الذِّكْرَىٰ
Pronunciation
Wajee-a
yawma-ithin bijahannamayawma-ithin yatathakkaru al-insanu waannalahu aththikra
Translation
And
brought [within view], that Day, is Hell - that Day, man will remember, but
what good to him will be the remembrance?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
Hell on that day is brought [near], pulled by seventy thousand sets of reins,
each set of reins [pulled] by the hands of seventy thousand angels, as it
groans and seethes in fury; on that day (yawma’idhin is a substitution for
idhā, ‘when’, the response to which is [the following]) man, that is to say,
the disbeliever, will remember, his prodigal conduct in it, but how will
remembering avail him [now]? (the interrogative is meant as a denial, in other
words, his remembering that will not be of any use to him).
يَقُولُ يَا
لَيْتَنِي قَدَّمْتُ لِحَيَاتِي
Pronunciation
Yaqoolu
ya laytanee qaddamtu lihayatee
Translation
He
will say, "Oh, I wish I had sent ahead [some good] for my life."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
will say, as he remembers: ‘O (yā is for calling attention to something) would
that I had sent ahead, good deeds and faith, for my life!’, [for] a good [life]
in the Hereafter, or [it means] ‘during my life’ in the world.
فَيَوْمَئِذٍ
لَّا يُعَذِّبُ عَذَابَهُ أَحَدٌ
Pronunciation
Fayawma-ithin
la yuAAaththibuAAathabahu ahad
Translation
So
on that Day, none will punish [as severely] as His punishment,
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Then
on that day none shall mete out (read yu‘adhdhibu) His, God’s, chastisement,
that is to say, He shall not delegate it to any other;
وَلَا يُوثِقُ
وَثَاقَهُ أَحَدٌ
Pronunciation
Wala
yoothiqu wathaqahu ahad
Translation
And
none will bind [as severely] as His binding [of the evildoers].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and,
likewise, none shall bind (read yūthiqu) His bind (a variant reading has
yu‘adhdhabu, ‘[none] shall be chastised’, and yūthaqu, ‘[none] shall be bound’,
so that the [suffixed] pronoun of ‘adhābahu and wathāqahu refers to the
[chastisement and the binds of the] disbeliever, the meaning then being, ‘none
shall be chastised as he shall, and none shall be bound as he shall [be
bound]’).
يَا أَيَّتُهَا
النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ
Pronunciation
Ya
ayyatuha annafsualmutma-inna
Translation
[To
the righteous it will be said], "O reassured soul,
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
‘O
soul at peace!, [the one] secure, namely, the believing one.
ارْجِعِي إِلَىٰ
رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةً مَّرْضِيَّةً
Pronunciation
IrjiAAee
ila rabbiki radiyatanmardiyya
Translation
Return
to your Lord, well-pleased and pleasing [to Him],
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Return
— this is said to it upon death — to your Lord, that is to say, return to His
command and to His will, pleased, with the reward, pleasing, in God’s sight
with your deeds; in other words [return O soul] combining both descriptions
(both of which are circumstantial qualifiers). And it will be said to it at the
Resurrection:
فَادْخُلِي فِي
عِبَادِي
Pronunciation
Fadkhulee
fee AAibadee
Translation
And
enter among My [righteous] servants
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Then
enter among My, righteous, servants!
وَادْخُلِي
جَنَّتِي
Pronunciation
Wadkhulee
jannatee
Translation
And
enter My Paradise."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
enter My Paradise!’, with them.
Posts
