Surat
Al-Masad (The Palm Fiber, Flame) - سورة المسد
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
[In the Name of ALLAH, the ENTIRELY
MERCIFUL, the ESPECIALLY MERCIFUL]
تَبَّتْ يَدَا
أَبِي لَهَبٍ وَتَبَّ
Pronunciation
Tabbat
yada abee lahabin watab
Translation
May
the hands of Abu Lahab be ruined, and ruined is he.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Perish,
ruined be, the hands of Abū Lahab, in other words, all of him — the use of
‘hands’ here to denote [all of] him is figurative, and is because most actions
are performed by them; the statement is an invocation — and perish he!, may he
be ruined! (this [tabba] is a predicate, as where one says, ahlakahu’Llāhu
wa-qad halak, ‘God destroyed him and he indeed is destroyed’. When the Prophet
threatened him with the chastisement, he said, ‘If what my brother’s son says
is true, then I shall ransom [myself] from it with my wealth and sons!’; so the
following was revealed:
مَا أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُ
مَالُهُ وَمَا كَسَبَ
Pronunciation
Ma
aghna AAanhu maluhuwama kasab
Translation
His
wealth will not avail him or that which he gained.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
His
wealth will not avail him, nor what he has earned (wa-kasab means wa-kasbihi,
that is to say, his sons; mā aghnā means [mā] yughnī).
سَيَصْلَىٰ
نَارًا ذَاتَ لَهَبٍ
Pronunciation
Sayasla
naran thatalahab
Translation
He
will [enter to] burn in a Fire of [blazing] flame
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
will [soon] enter a Fire of flames, that is to say, [a fire that is] flaming
and ignited (this [statement] is the source of his nickname, [which was given
to him] on account of his flaming reddish fair face),
وَامْرَأَتُهُ
حَمَّالَةَ الْحَطَبِ
Pronunciation
Wamraatuhu
hammalata alhatab
Translation
And
his wife [as well] - the carrier of firewood.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
and
his wife (wa’mra’atuhu is a supplement to the person [of the verb] yaslā, ‘he
will enter’, separated by the clause of the direct object and its
qualification) — and this was Umm Jamīl — the carrier (read hammālatu or
hammālata) of firewood, cactus and thorns which she used to fling into the path
of the Prophet (s).
فِي جِيدِهَا
حَبْلٌ مِّن مَّسَدٍ
Pronunciation
Fee
jeediha hablun min masad
Translation
Around
her neck is a rope of [twisted] fiber.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
with
a rope of palm-fibre around her neck (fī jīdihā hablun min masadin is a
circumstantial qualifier referring to hammālata’l-hatab, which in turn is
[either] a description of imra’atahu, ‘his wife’, or the predicate of an
implied subject).
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