Surat
At-Tawbah (The Repentance) - سورة التوبة
9:1
بَرَاءَةٌ مِّنَ
اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إِلَى الَّذِينَ عَاهَدتُّم مِّنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ
Pronunciation
Baraatun
mina Allahiwarasoolihi ila allatheena AAahadtum minaalmushrikeen
Translation
[This
is a declaration of] disassociation, from Allah and His Messenger, to those
with whom you had made a treaty among the polytheists.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
This
is: A declaration of immunity from God and His Messenger to, reach, the idolaters
with whom you made a pact, a pact for an indefinite period of time, or one for
[a period of] less than, or more than, four months; the annulment of the pact
shall be as God mentions in His saying:
فَسِيحُوا فِي
الْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ غَيْرُ مُعْجِزِي اللَّهِ ۙ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ
مُخْزِي الْكَافِرِينَ
Pronunciation
Faseehoo
fee al-ardi arbaAAataashhurin waAAlamoo annakum ghayru muAAjizee Allahiwaanna
Allaha mukhzee alkafireen
Translation
So
travel freely, [O disbelievers], throughout the land [during] four months but
know that you cannot cause failure to Allah and that Allah will disgrace the
disbelievers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
‘Journey
freely, travel in security, O idolaters, in the land for four months —
beginning with [the month of] Shawwāl, on the basis of what will come shortly —
after which there will be no security for you, and know that you cannot escape
God, that is, you shall [not] elude His punishment, and that God degrades the
disbelievers’, humiliating them in this world by having them killed, and in the
Hereafter, by [sending them to] the Fire.
وَأَذَانٌ مِّنَ
اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إِلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الْأَكْبَرِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ
بَرِيءٌ مِّنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ۙ وَرَسُولُهُ ۚ فَإِن تُبْتُمْ
فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ ۖ وَإِن
تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ غَيْرُ مُعْجِزِي اللَّهِ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
Pronunciation
Waathanun
mina Allahiwarasoolihi ila annasi yawma alhajjial-akbari anna Allaha baree-on
mina almushrikeenawarasooluhu fa-in tubtum fahuwa khayrun lakum wa-in
tawallaytumfaAAlamoo annakum ghayru muAAjizee Allahiwabashshiri allatheena
kafaroo biAAathabin aleem
Translation
And
[it is] an announcement from Allah and His Messenger to the people on the day
of the greater pilgrimage that Allah is disassociated from the disbelievers,
and [so is] His Messenger. So if you repent, that is best for you; but if you
turn away - then know that you will not cause failure to Allah . And give
tidings to those who disbelieve of a painful punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
A
proclamation, a notification, from God and His Messenger to mankind on the day
of the Greater Pilgrimage, the Day of Sacrifice (yawm al-nahr), that God is
free from obligation to the idolaters, and their pacts, and [so is] His
Messenger, also free from obligation: in that same year, year 9 [of the Hijra],
the Prophet (s) sent forth ‘Alī, who proclaimed these verses on the Day of
Sacrifice at Minā, and also [he proclaimed] that after this year no idolater
will [be allowed to] make pilgrimage or circumambulate the House naked, as
reported by al-Bukhārī. So, if you repent, of unbelief, it will be better for
you; but if you turn away, from belief, then know that you cannot escape God.
And give tidings to — inform — those who disbelieve of a painful chastisement,
namely, [of] slaughter or capture in this world, and of [punishment in] the
Fire in the Hereafter.
إِلَّا الَّذِينَ
عَاهَدتُّم مِّنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنقُصُوكُمْ شَيْئًا وَلَمْ
يُظَاهِرُوا عَلَيْكُمْ أَحَدًا فَأَتِمُّوا إِلَيْهِمْ عَهْدَهُمْ إِلَىٰ
مُدَّتِهِمْ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ
Pronunciation
Illa
allatheena AAahadtummina almushrikeena thumma lam yanqusookum shay-an walam
yuthahirooAAalaykum ahadan faatimmoo ilayhim AAahdahum ilamuddatihim inna
Allaha yuhibbu almuttaqeen
Translation
Excepted
are those with whom you made a treaty among the polytheists and then they have
not been deficient toward you in anything or supported anyone against you; so
complete for them their treaty until their term [has ended]. Indeed, Allah
loves the righteous [who fear Him].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Excepting
those of the idolaters with whom you have made a pact, and who have not
diminished [their commitment to] you in anyway, with regard to the terms of the
pact, nor supported, assisted, anyone, from among the disbelievers, against
you; [as for these] fulfil your pact with them until, the completion of, the
term, to which you have agreed. Truly God loves those who fear [Him], by
fulfilling pacts.
فَإِذَا انسَلَخَ
الْأَشْهُرُ الْحُرُمُ فَاقْتُلُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ
وَخُذُوهُمْ وَاحْصُرُوهُمْ وَاقْعُدُوا لَهُمْ كُلَّ مَرْصَدٍ ۚ فَإِن تَابُوا
وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتَوُا الزَّكَاةَ فَخَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Fa-itha
insalakha al-ashhuru alhurumufaqtuloo almushrikeena haythu wajadtumoohum
wakhuthoohumwahsuroohum waqAAudoo lahum kulla marsadinfa-in taboo waaqamoo
assalatawaatawoo azzakata fakhalloo sabeelahum innaAllaha ghafoorun raheem
Translation
And
when the sacred months have passed, then kill the polytheists wherever you find
them and capture them and besiege them and sit in wait for them at every place
of ambush. But if they should repent, establish prayer, and give zakah, let
them [go] on their way. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Then,
when the sacred months have passed — that is, [at] the end of the period of
deferment — slay the idolaters wherever you find them, be it during a lawful
[period] or a sacred [one], and take them, captive, and confine them, to
castles and forts, until they have no choice except [being put to] death or
[acceptance of] Islam; and lie in wait for them at every place of ambush, [at
every] route that they use (kulla, ‘every’, is in the accusative because a
[preceding] genitive-taking preposition has been removed). But if they repent,
of unbelief, and establish prayer and pay the alms, then leave their way free,
and do not interfere with them. God is Forgiving, Merciful, to those who repent.
وَإِنْ أَحَدٌ
مِّنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ اسْتَجَارَكَ فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّىٰ يَسْمَعَ كَلَامَ اللَّهِ
ثُمَّ أَبْلِغْهُ مَأْمَنَهُ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ
بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا يَعْلَمُونَ
Pronunciation
Wa-in
ahadun mina almushrikeena istajarakafaajirhu hatta yasmaAAa kalama Allahithumma
ablighhu ma/manahu thalika bi-annahum qawmun layaAAlamoon
Translation
And
if any one of the polytheists seeks your protection, then grant him protection
so that he may hear the words of Allah . Then deliver him to his place of
safety. That is because they are a people who do not know.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
if any one of the idolaters (ahadun, ‘one’, is in the nominative because of the
[following] verb [istajāraka, ‘seeks your protection’] that validates it) seeks
your protection, requests security from you against being killed, then grant
him protection, provide security for him, so that he might hear the words of
God — the Qur’ān — and afterward convey him to his place of security, that is,
the dwelling-places of his folk, if he does not believe, so that he might
reflect upon his situation — that, which is mentioned, is because they are a
people who do not know, the religion of God, and so they must [be made to] hear
the Qur’ān in order to [come to] know [religion].
كَيْفَ يَكُونُ
لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ عَهْدٌ عِندَ اللَّهِ وَعِندَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ
عَاهَدتُّمْ عِندَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ۖ فَمَا
اسْتَقَامُوا لَكُمْ فَاسْتَقِيمُوا لَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
يُحِبُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ
Pronunciation
Kayfa
yakoonu lilmushrikeena AAahdun AAindaAllahi waAAinda rasoolihi illa allatheena
AAahadtumAAinda almasjidi alharami fama istaqamoolakum fastaqeemoo lahum inna
Allaha yuhibbualmuttaqeen
Translation
How
can there be for the polytheists a treaty in the sight of Allah and with His
Messenger, except for those with whom you made a treaty at al-Masjid al-Haram?
So as long as they are upright toward you, be upright toward them. Indeed,
Allah loves the righteous [who fear Him].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
How
can the idolaters have a pact with God and His Messenger — they cannot —while
they disbelieve in God and His Messenger, acting treacherously; except for
those with whom you made a pact at the Sacred Mosque?, the day of al-Hudaybiyya
— these were Quraysh, for whom an exception was made earlier [Q. 9:4]. So long
as they are true to you, keeping to the pact and not breaking it, be true to
them, by fulfilling it (fa-mā, ‘so long as’: the mā is a conditional particle).
Truly God loves the God-fearing: the Prophet (s) had kept to the pact made with
them until they broke it by supporting the Banū Bakr against Khuzā‘a.
كَيْفَ وَإِن
يَظْهَرُوا عَلَيْكُمْ لَا يَرْقُبُوا فِيكُمْ إِلًّا وَلَا ذِمَّةً ۚ يُرْضُونَكُم
بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَتَأْبَىٰ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ
Pronunciation
Kayfa
wa-in yathharoo AAalaykumla yarquboo feekum illan wala thimmatan
yurdoonakumbi-afwahihim wata/ba quloobuhum waaktharuhum fasiqoon
Translation
How
[can there be a treaty] while, if they gain dominance over you, they do not
observe concerning you any pact of kinship or covenant of protection? They
satisfy you with their mouths, but their hearts refuse [compliance], and most
of them are defiantly disobedient.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
How,
can they have a pact, when, if they get the better of you, [if] they have the
upper hand over you, they do not respect, [they do not] take into
consideration, any bond, kinship, or treaty, pact, with regard to you, but will
instead harm you as much as they can (the conditional sentence [‘if they …’] is
[also] a circumstantial qualifier), pleasing you with their tongues, with
charming words, while their hearts refuse, to be true to these [words]; and
most of them are wicked, violators of pacts.
اشْتَرَوْا
بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا فَصَدُّوا عَن سَبِيلِهِ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ سَاءَ
مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
Pronunciation
Ishtaraw
bi-ayati Allahithamanan qaleelan fasaddoo AAan sabeelihi innahum saama kanoo
yaAAmaloon
Translation
They
have exchanged the signs of Allah for a small price and averted [people] from
His way. Indeed, it was evil that they were doing.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
have purchased with the signs of God, the Qur’ān, a small price, of this world,
that is, they have refrained from following them in favour of passions and
whims, and have barred [people] from His way, His religion. Truly evil is that,
deed of theirs, which they are wont to do.
لَا يَرْقُبُونَ
فِي مُؤْمِنٍ إِلًّا وَلَا ذِمَّةً ۚ وَأُولَٰئِكَ
هُمُ الْمُعْتَدُونَ
Pronunciation
La
yarquboona fee mu/minin illan walathimmatan waola-ika humu almuAAtadoon
Translation
They
do not observe toward a believer any pact of kinship or covenant of protection.
And it is they who are the transgressors.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
respect neither bond [of kinship] nor treaty with regard to a believer; those,
they are the transgressors.
فَإِن تَابُوا
وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتَوُا الزَّكَاةَ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ ۗ وَنُفَصِّلُ
الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ
Pronunciation
Fa-in
taboo waaqamoo assalatawaatawoo azzakata fa-ikhwanukum feeaddeeni wanufassilu
al-ayatiliqawmin yaAAlamoon
Translation
But
if they repent, establish prayer, and give zakah, then they are your brothers
in religion; and We detail the verses for a people who know.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Yet
if they repent and establish prayer and pay the alms, then they are your
brothers in religion; and We detail, We explain, the signs for a people who
know, [who] reflect.
وَإِن نَّكَثُوا
أَيْمَانَهُم مِّن بَعْدِ عَهْدِهِمْ وَطَعَنُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ فَقَاتِلُوا
أَئِمَّةَ الْكُفْرِ ۙ إِنَّهُمْ لَا أَيْمَانَ لَهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ
يَنتَهُونَ
Pronunciation
Wa-in
nakathoo aymanahum min baAAdiAAahdihim wataAAanoo fee deenikum faqatilooa-immata
alkufri innahum la aymana lahumlaAAallahum yantahoon
Translation
And
if they break their oaths after their treaty and defame your religion, then
fight the leaders of disbelief, for indeed, there are no oaths [sacred] to
them; [fight them that] they might cease.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But
if they break, [if] they violate, their oaths, their covenants, after [making]
their pact and assail your religion, slander it, then fight the leaders of
unbelief, its heads (here an overt noun [‘the leaders of unbelief’] has
replaced the [third person] pronominalisation) — verily they have no [binding]
oaths, [no] pacts (a variant reading [for aymān, ‘oaths’] has the kasra
inflection [for the alif, sc. īmān, ‘[no] faith’]) — so that they might desist,
from unbelief.
أَلَا
تُقَاتِلُونَ قَوْمًا نَّكَثُوا أَيْمَانَهُمْ وَهَمُّوا بِإِخْرَاجِ الرَّسُولِ
وَهُم بَدَءُوكُمْ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ ۚ
أَتَخْشَوْنَهُمْ ۚ فَاللَّهُ أَحَقُّ أَن تَخْشَوْهُ إِن كُنتُم
مُّؤْمِنِينَ
Pronunciation
Ala
tuqatiloona qawmannakathoo aymanahum wahammoo bi-ikhraji arrasooliwahum
badaookum awwala marratin atakhshawnahum fallahuahaqqu an takhshawhu in kuntum
mu/mineen
Translation
Would
you not fight a people who broke their oaths and determined to expel the
Messenger, and they had begun [the attack upon] you the first time? Do you fear
them? But Allah has more right that you should fear Him, if you are [truly]
believers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Will
you not (a-lā, ‘will not’ or ‘is not’, denotes incitement) fight a people who
broke, violated, their oaths, their pacts, and intended to expel the Messenger,
from Mecca — for they discussed this between them in their council assembly —
initiating, combat, against you first?, when they fought alongside Banū Bakr
against Khuzā‘a, your allies? So what is stopping you from fighting them? Are
you afraid of them? God is more worthy of your fear, when you fail to fight
them, if you are believers.
قَاتِلُوهُمْ
يُعَذِّبْهُمُ اللَّهُ بِأَيْدِيكُمْ وَيُخْزِهِمْ وَيَنصُرْكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ
وَيَشْفِ صُدُورَ قَوْمٍ مُّؤْمِنِينَ
Pronunciation
Qatiloohum
yuAAaththibhumu Allahubi-aydeekum wayukhzihim wayansurkum AAalayhim wayashfi
sudooraqawmin mu/mineen
Translation
Fight
them; Allah will punish them by your hands and will disgrace them and give you
victory over them and satisfy the breasts of a believing people
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Fight
them, and God will chastise them, He will have them killed, at your hands and
degrade them, humiliate them through capture and subjugation, and He will give
you victory against them, and He will heal the breasts of a people who believe,
[removing the harm] done to them — these are the Banū Khuzā‘a.
وَيُذْهِبْ
غَيْظَ قُلُوبِهِمْ ۗ وَيَتُوبُ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَاءُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ
عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Wayuthhib
ghaythaquloobihim wayatoobu Allahu AAala man yashaowallahu AAaleemun hakeem
Translation
And
remove the fury in the believers' hearts. And Allah turns in forgiveness to
whom He wills; and Allah is Knowing and Wise.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
He will remove the rage, the grief, in their hearts. God turns [in forgiveness]
to whomever He will, when they return to Islam, as in the case of Abū Sufyān.
And God is Knowing, Wise.
أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ
أَن تُتْرَكُوا وَلَمَّا يَعْلَمِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ جَاهَدُوا مِنكُمْ وَلَمْ
يَتَّخِذُوا مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلَا رَسُولِهِ وَلَا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلِيجَةً ۚ وَاللَّهُ
خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ
Pronunciation
Am
hasibtum an tutrakoo walammayaAAlami Allahu allatheena jahadoo minkumwalam
yattakhithoo min dooni Allahi walarasoolihi wala almu/mineena waleejatan wallahukhabeerun
bima taAAmaloon
Translation
Do
you think that you will be left [as you are] while Allah has not yet made
evident those among you who strive [for His cause] and do not take other than
Allah , His Messenger and the believers as intimates? And Allah is Acquainted
with what you do.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Or
(am has the meaning of the [initial a-] hamza used to express disavowal) did
you suppose that you would be left [in peace] when God does not yet know, that
is, through knowledge outwardly manifested, those of you who have struggled,
sincerely, and have not taken, besides God and His Messenger and the believers,
an intimate friend?, as a confidant or an ally? In other words: when it has not
yet become manifest who the sincere ones are — those described in the exclusive
way mentioned. And God is aware of what you do.
مَا كَانَ
لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ أَن يَعْمُرُوا مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ شَاهِدِينَ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِم
بِالْكُفْرِ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ وَفِي
النَّارِ هُمْ خَالِدُونَ
Pronunciation
Ma
kana lilmushrikeena anyaAAmuroo masajida Allahi shahideena AAalaanfusihim
bilkufri ola-ika habitataAAmaluhum wafee annari hum khalidoon
Translation
It
is not for the polytheists to maintain the mosques of Allah [while] witnessing
against themselves with disbelief. [For] those, their deeds have become
worthless, and in the Fire they will abide eternally.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
It
is not for the idolaters to attend God’s places of worship (masājid, is also
read in the singular, masjid), entering them or sitting in them, bearing
witness, against themselves, to unbelief; those, their works have failed,
[their works] are invalid, and in the Fire they shall abide.
إِنَّمَا
يَعْمُرُ مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَأَقَامَ
الصَّلَاةَ وَآتَى الزَّكَاةَ وَلَمْ يَخْشَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ ۖ فَعَسَىٰ
أُولَٰئِكَ أَن يَكُونُوا مِنَ الْمُهْتَدِينَ
Pronunciation
Innama
yaAAmuru masajida Allahiman amana billahi walyawmi al-akhiriwaaqama assalata
waataazzakata walam yakhsha illa AllahafaAAasa ola-ika an yakoonoo mina
almuhtadeen
Translation
The
mosques of Allah are only to be maintained by those who believe in Allah and
the Last Day and establish prayer and give zakah and do not fear except Allah ,
for it is expected that those will be of the [rightly] guided.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Only
he shall attend God’s places of worship who believes in God and the Last Day,
and observes prayer, and pays the alms, and fears none but God alone; it may be
that those will be among the rightly guided.
أَجَعَلْتُمْ
سِقَايَةَ الْحَاجِّ وَعِمَارَةَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ كَمَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ
وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَجَاهَدَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۚ لَا يَسْتَوُونَ
عِندَ اللَّهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
AjaAAaltum
siqayata alhajjiwaAAimarata almasjidi alharami kaman amanabillahi walyawmi
al-akhiri wajahadafee sabeeli Allahi la yastawoona AAinda Allahiwallahu la
yahdee alqawma aththalimeen
Translation
Have
you made the providing of water for the pilgrim and the maintenance of
al-Masjid al-Haram equal to [the deeds of] one who believes in Allah and the
Last Day and strives in the cause of Allah ? They are not equal in the sight of
Allah . And Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Do
you reckon the giving of water to pilgrims and the attendance of the Sacred
Mosque, that is, [do you reckon] those who do such things, to be the same as he
who believes in God and the Last Day and struggles in the way of God? They are
not equal, in merit, in God’s sight; and God guides not the evildoing, the
disbelieving, folk: this was revealed to refute those who claimed this, such as
al-‘Abbās and others.
الَّذِينَ
آمَنُوا وَهَاجَرُوا وَجَاهَدُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ
وَأَنفُسِهِمْ أَعْظَمُ دَرَجَةً عِندَ اللَّهِ ۚ وَأُولَٰئِكَ
هُمُ الْفَائِزُونَ
Pronunciation
Allatheena
amanoo wahajaroowajahadoo fee sabeeli Allahi bi-amwalihimwaanfusihim aAAthamu
darajatan AAinda Allahiwaola-ika humu alfa-izoon
Translation
The
ones who have believed, emigrated and striven in the cause of Allah with their wealth
and their lives are greater in rank in the sight of Allah . And it is those who
are the attainers [of success].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Those
who believe, and have emigrated, and have struggled in the way of God with
their possessions and their lives are greater in degree, in rank, with God,
than others; and those, they are the triumphant, the ones who will attain good.
يُبَشِّرُهُمْ
رَبُّهُم بِرَحْمَةٍ مِّنْهُ وَرِضْوَانٍ وَجَنَّاتٍ لَّهُمْ فِيهَا نَعِيمٌ
مُّقِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Yubashshiruhum
rabbuhum birahmatinminhu waridwanin wajannatin lahum feehanaAAeemun muqeem
Translation
Their
Lord gives them good tidings of mercy from Him and approval and of gardens for
them wherein is enduring pleasure.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Their
Lord gives them good tidings of mercy from Him and beatitude; for them shall be
gardens wherein is enduring, everlasting, bliss,
خَالِدِينَ
فِيهَا أَبَدًا ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِندَهُ أَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Khalideena
feeha abadan innaAllaha AAindahu ajrun AAatheem
Translation
[They
will be] abiding therein forever. Indeed, Allah has with Him a great reward.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
therein
they shall abide forever (khālidīna is an implied circumstance). Surely with
God is a tremendous reward.
يَا أَيُّهَا
الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا آبَاءَكُمْ وَإِخْوَانَكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ إِنِ
اسْتَحَبُّوا الْكُفْرَ عَلَى الْإِيمَانِ ۚ وَمَن
يَتَوَلَّهُم مِّنكُمْ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ
Pronunciation
Ya
ayyuha allatheena amanoola tattakhithoo abaakum wa-ikhwanakumawliyaa ini
istahabboo alkufra AAala al-eemaniwaman yatawallahum minkum faola-ika humu
aththalimoon
Translation
O
you who have believed, do not take your fathers or your brothers as allies if
they have preferred disbelief over belief. And whoever does so among you - then
it is those who are the wrongdoers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
following was revealed regarding those who refrained from emigrating because of
their families and trade: O you who believe, do not take your fathers and
brothers for your friends, if they prefer, if they have chosen, disbelief over
belief; whoever of you takes them for friends, such are the evildoers.
قُلْ إِن كَانَ
آبَاؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ وَإِخْوَانُكُمْ وَأَزْوَاجُكُمْ وَعَشِيرَتُكُمْ
وَأَمْوَالٌ اقْتَرَفْتُمُوهَا وَتِجَارَةٌ تَخْشَوْنَ كَسَادَهَا وَمَسَاكِنُ تَرْضَوْنَهَا
أَحَبَّ إِلَيْكُم مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَجِهَادٍ فِي سَبِيلِهِ
فَتَرَبَّصُوا حَتَّىٰ يَأْتِيَ اللَّهُ بِأَمْرِهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا
يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفَاسِقِينَ
Pronunciation
Qul
in kana abaokumwaabnaokum wa-ikhwanukum waazwajukumwaAAasheeratukum waamwalun
iqtaraftumooha watijaratuntakhshawna kasadaha wamasakinu tardawnahaahabba
ilaykum mina Allahi warasoolihi wajihadinfee sabeelihi fatarabbasoo hatta
ya/tiya Allahubi-amrihi wallahu la yahdee alqawma alfasiqeen
Translation
Say,
[O Muhammad], "If your fathers, your sons, your brothers, your wives, your
relatives, wealth which you have obtained, commerce wherein you fear decline,
and dwellings with which you are pleased are more beloved to you than Allah and
His Messenger and jihad in His cause, then wait until Allah executes His
command. And Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say:
‘If your fathers, and your sons, and your brothers, and your wives, and your
clan, your kinsmen (‘ashīratukum: a variant reading has ‘ashīrātukum), and the
possessions which you have acquired, and merchandise for which you fear there
may be no sale, no longer viable, and dwellings which you love, are dearer to
you than God and His Messenger and struggling in His way, so that you have
refrained from emigrating and struggling for the sake of such [things], then
wait until God brings about His command — this is meant as a threat to them.
And God does not guide the wicked folk’.
لَقَدْ نَصَرَكُمُ
اللَّهُ فِي مَوَاطِنَ كَثِيرَةٍ ۙ وَيَوْمَ
حُنَيْنٍ ۙ إِذْ أَعْجَبَتْكُمْ كَثْرَتُكُمْ فَلَمْ
تُغْنِ عَنكُمْ شَيْئًا وَضَاقَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الْأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ ثُمَّ
وَلَّيْتُم مُّدْبِرِينَ
Pronunciation
Laqad
nasarakumu Allahu feemawatina katheeratin wayawma hunaynin ithaAAjabatkum
kathratukum falam tughni AAankum shay-an wadaqatAAalaykumu al-ardu bima rahubat
thummawallaytum mudbireen
Translation
Allah
has already given you victory in many regions and [even] on the day of Hunayn,
when your great number pleased you, but it did not avail you at all, and the
earth was confining for you with its vastness; then you turned back, fleeing.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
God
has already helped you on many fields, of battle, such as Badr, and [against]
Qurayza and al-Nadīr, and, remember, on the day of Hunayn — a valley between
Mecca and Tā’if; that is, [remember] the day on which you fought Hawāzin — this
was in Shawwāl in year 8 [of the Hijra], when (idh substitutes for yawma, ‘the
day’) your vast numbers were pleasing to you, such that you were saying, ‘We
shall not be defeated today, not on account of our being few’: and they
numbered 12,000, while the disbelievers were 4,000); but it availed you nothing
and the earth, for all its breadth (bi-mā rahubat, the mā refers to the verbal
noun, in other words [understand it as being] ma‘a rahbihā, ‘despite its
breadth’), it was straitened for you, such that you could not find a place in
which you felt secure, because of the severe fear that afflicted you; then you
turned back, retreating, fleeing: the Prophet (s), however, on his white mule
remained firm, with only al-‘Abbās by his side, while Abū Sufyān was charging
on his mount.
ثُمَّ أَنزَلَ
اللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِ وَعَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَأَنزَلَ جُنُودًا
لَّمْ تَرَوْهَا وَعَذَّبَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ
جَزَاءُ الْكَافِرِينَ
Pronunciation
Thumma
anzala Allahu sakeenatahu AAalarasoolihi waAAala almu/mineena waanzala junoodan
lamtarawha waAAaththaba allatheena kafaroo wathalikajazao alkafireen
Translation
Then
Allah sent down His tranquillity upon His Messenger and upon the believers and
sent down soldiers angels whom you did not see and punished those who
disbelieved. And that is the recompense of the disbelievers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Then
God sent down His Spirit of Peace, His reassurance, upon His Messenger and upon
the believers, and so they turned back towards the Prophet (s), after al-‘Abbās
called them, with his [the Prophet’s] permission, and they fought [once again];
and He sent down legions, of angels, you did not see, and chastised the
disbelievers, with slaughter and capture, and that is the requital of the
disbelievers.
ثُمَّ يَتُوبُ
اللَّهُ مِن بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَاءُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ
غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Thumma
yatoobu Allahu min baAAdi thalikaAAala man yashao wallahu ghafoorunraheem
Translation
Then
Allah will accept repentance after that for whom He wills; and Allah is
Forgiving and Merciful.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Then
afterwards God will relent to whom He will, from among them, by [their
acceptance of] Islam. And God is Forgiving, Merciful.
يَا أَيُّهَا
الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلَا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ
الْحَرَامَ بَعْدَ عَامِهِمْ هَٰذَا ۚ وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ
عَيْلَةً فَسَوْفَ يُغْنِيكُمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ إِن شَاءَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Ya
ayyuha allatheena amanooinnama almushrikoona najasun fala yaqrabooalmasjida
alharama baAAda AAamihim hathawa-in khiftum AAaylatan fasawfa yughneekumu
Allahu min fadlihiin shaa inna Allaha AAaleemun hakeem
Translation
O
you who have believed, indeed the polytheists are unclean, so let them not
approach al-Masjid al-Haram after this, their [final] year. And if you fear
privation, Allah will enrich you from His bounty if He wills. Indeed, Allah is
Knowing and Wise.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
O
you who believe, the idolaters are indeed unclean, [they are] filth, on account
of their inner vileness, so do not let them come near the Sacred Mosque, that
is, let them not enter the Sanctuary, after this year of theirs, year 9 of the
Hijra. If you fear impoverishment, poverty, as a result of the cessation of
their commerce with you, God will surely enrich you from His bounty, if He
will: and He indeed enriched them through conquests and [the imposition of] the
jizya. God is Knowing, Wise.
قَاتِلُوا
الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَلَا
يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ الْحَقِّ
مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ حَتَّىٰ يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَن يَدٍ وَهُمْ
صَاغِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Qatiloo
allatheena layu/minoona billahi wala bilyawmial-akhiri wala yuharrimoona ma
harramaAllahu warasooluhu wala yadeenoona deena alhaqqimina allatheena ootoo
alkitaba hattayuAAtoo aljizyata AAan yadin wahum saghiroon
Translation
Fight
those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider
unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt
the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture - [fight] until
they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Fight
those who do not believe in God, nor in the Last Day, for, otherwise, they
would have believed in the Prophet (s), and who do not forbid what God and His
Messenger have forbidden, such as wine, nor do they practise the religion of
truth, the firm one, the one that abrogated other religions, namely, the
religion of Islam — from among of those who (min, ‘from’, explains [the
previous] alladhīna, ‘those who’) have been given the Scripture, namely, the
Jews and the Christians, until they pay the jizya tribute, the annual tax
imposed them, readily (‘an yadin is a circumstantial qualifier, meaning,
‘compliantly’, or ‘by their own hands’, not delegating it [to others to pay]),
being subdued, [being made] submissive and compliant to the authority of Islam.
وَقَالَتِ
الْيَهُودُ عُزَيْرٌ ابْنُ اللَّهِ وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَى الْمَسِيحُ ابْنُ
اللَّهِ ۖ ذَٰلِكَ قَوْلُهُم بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ ۖ يُضَاهِئُونَ
قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِن قَبْلُ ۚ قَاتَلَهُمُ
اللَّهُ ۚ أَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ
Pronunciation
Waqalati
alyahoodu AAuzayrun ibnu Allahiwaqalati annasara almaseehuibnu Allahi thalika
qawluhum bi-afwahihim yudahi-oonaqawla allatheena kafaroo min qablu qatalahumu
Allahuanna yu/fakoon
Translation
The
Jews say, "Ezra is the son of Allah "; and the Christians say,
"The Messiah is the son of Allah ." That is their statement from
their mouths; they imitate the saying of those who disbelieved [before them].
May Allah destroy them; how are they deluded?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
Jews say: Ezra is the son of God; and the Christians say: The Messiah, Jesus,
is the son of God. That is the utterance of their mouths, for which they have
no support, nay, imitating the utterances of those who disbelieved before
[them], from among their forefathers, mimicking them. God assail, curse, them! How
they are deviated!, turned away from the truth, despite the proofs having been
established.
اتَّخَذُوا
أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَالْمَسِيحَ ابْنَ
مَرْيَمَ وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوا إِلَٰهًا وَاحِدًا ۖ لَّا إِلَٰهَ
إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
Pronunciation
Ittakhathoo
ahbarahumwaruhbanahum arbaban min dooni Allahi walmaseehaibna maryama wama
omiroo illa liyaAAbudoo ilahanwahidan la ilaha illa huwa subhanahuAAamma
yushrikoon
Translation
They
have taken their scholars and monks as lords besides Allah , and [also] the
Messiah, the son of Mary. And they were not commanded except to worship one
God; there is no deity except Him. Exalted is He above whatever they associate
with Him.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
have taken their rabbis, the scholars among the Jews, and their monks, the
devout among the Christians, as lords beside God — following them in making
lawful what God has made unlawful and making unlawful what He has made lawful —
and the Messiah, son of Mary, when they were not commanded, in the Torah and
the Gospel, except to worship One God: there is no god except Him; glory be to
Him, as an affirmation of His transcendence [high], above what they associate
[with Him].
يُرِيدُونَ أَن
يُطْفِئُوا نُورَ اللَّهِ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَيَأْبَى اللَّهُ إِلَّا أَن يُتِمَّ
نُورَهُ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Yureedoona
an yutfi-oo noora Allahibi-afwahihim waya/ba Allahu illa anyutimma noorahu
walaw kariha alkafiroon
Translation
They
want to extinguish the light of Allah with their mouths, but Allah refuses
except to perfect His light, although the disbelievers dislike it.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
desire to extinguish God’s light, His Law and His proofs, with their tongues,
with what they say about Him; and God refuses but to perfect, to make manifest,
His light, even though the disbelievers be averse, to this.
هُوَ الَّذِي
أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَىٰ وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ
كُلِّهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ
Pronunciation
Huwa
allathee arsala rasoolahu bilhudawadeeni alhaqqi liyuthhirahu AAala
addeenikullihi walaw kariha almushrikoon
Translation
It
is He who has sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth to
manifest it over all religion, although they who associate others with Allah
dislike it.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
it is Who has sent His Messenger, Muhammad (s), with the guidance and the
religion of truth, that He may manifest it, make it prevail, over every
religion, all the religions which oppose it, even though the disbelievers be
averse, to this.
يَا أَيُّهَا
الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِّنَ الْأَحْبَارِ وَالرُّهْبَانِ
لَيَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوَالَ النَّاسِ بِالْبَاطِلِ وَيَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَالَّذِينَ
يَكْنِزُونَ الذَّهَبَ وَالْفِضَّةَ وَلَا يُنفِقُونَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
فَبَشِّرْهُم بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
Pronunciation
Ya
ayyuha allatheena amanooinna katheeran mina al-ahbari warruhbanilaya/kuloona
amwala annasi bilbatiliwayasuddoona AAan sabeeli Allahi wallatheenayaknizoona
aththahaba walfiddatawala yunfiqoonaha fee sabeeli Allahifabashshirhum
biAAathabin aleem
Translation
O
you who have believed, indeed many of the scholars and the monks devour the
wealth of people unjustly and avert [them] from the way of Allah . And those
who hoard gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah - give them
tidings of a painful punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
O
you who believe, many of the rabbis and monks indeed consume, take, people’s
goods by false means, as in the case of bribes [paid] for judgements, and bar,
people, from the way of God, [from] His religion. And those who (wa’lladhīna is
the subject) hoard up gold and silver, and do not expend them, these
treasure-hoards, in the way of God, that is, they do not pay from it what is
due to Him by way of alms and charity — give them tidings, inform them, of a
painful chastisement.
يَوْمَ يُحْمَىٰ
عَلَيْهَا فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ فَتُكْوَىٰ بِهَا جِبَاهُهُمْ وَجُنُوبُهُمْ
وَظُهُورُهُمْ ۖ هَٰذَا مَا كَنَزْتُمْ لِأَنفُسِكُمْ فَذُوقُوا
مَا كُنتُمْ تَكْنِزُونَ
Pronunciation
Yawma
yuhma AAalayhafee nari jahannama fatukwa biha jibahuhumwajunoobuhum
wathuhooruhum hatha makanaztum li-anfusikum fathooqoo ma kuntum taknizoon
Translation
The
Day when it will be heated in the fire of Hell and seared therewith will be
their foreheads, their flanks, and their backs, [it will be said], "This
is what you hoarded for yourselves, so taste what you used to hoard."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
On
the day when it shall be heated in the fire of Hell and therewith their
foreheads and their sides and their backs shall be branded, burnt — their skins
will be stretched until these [hoards of gold and silver] can be placed on them
entirely, and it will be said to them: ‘This is what you hoarded up for
yourselves: so taste now what you used to hoard!’, that is, [taste] its
requital.
إِنَّ عِدَّةَ
الشُّهُورِ عِندَ اللَّهِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ
خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةٌ حُرُمٌ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ
الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ ۚ فَلَا تَظْلِمُوا فِيهِنَّ أَنفُسَكُمْ ۚ وَقَاتِلُوا
الْمُشْرِكِينَ كَافَّةً كَمَا يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ كَافَّةً ۚ وَاعْلَمُوا
أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْمُتَّقِينَ
Pronunciation
Inna
AAiddata ashshuhoori AAinda Allahiithna AAashara shahran fee kitabi Allahiyawma
khalaqa assamawati wal-ardaminha arbaAAatun hurumun thalika addeenualqayyimu
fala tathlimoo feehinna anfusakumwaqatiloo almushrikeena kaffatan kama
yuqatiloonakumkaffatan waAAlamoo anna Allaha maAAaalmuttaqeen
Translation
Indeed,
the number of months with Allah is twelve [lunar] months in the register of
Allah [from] the day He created the heavens and the earth; of these, four are
sacred. That is the correct religion, so do not wrong yourselves during them.
And fight against the disbelievers collectively as they fight against you
collectively. And know that Allah is with the righteous [who fear Him].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Verily
the number of months, used to reckon the year, with God is twelve months in the
Book of God, the Preserved Tablet (al-lawh al-mahfūz), from the day that He
created the heavens and the earth; four of them, that is, the months, are
sacred, inviolable: Dhū’l-Qa‘da, Dhū’l-Hijja, Muharram and Rajab. That, making
of them sacred, is the right, the upright, religion. So do not wrong yourselves
during them, during these sacred months, with acts of disobedience, for their
burden [of sin] is greater therein; but it is also said to mean [do not wrong
yourselves] at any time during all the months [of the year]. And fight the
idolaters altogether, all of them, throughout the months, even as they fight
you altogether; and know that God is with those who fear Him, supporting and
assisting [them].
إِنَّمَا
النَّسِيءُ زِيَادَةٌ فِي الْكُفْرِ ۖ يُضَلُّ بِهِ
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يُحِلُّونَهُ عَامًا وَيُحَرِّمُونَهُ عَامًا لِّيُوَاطِئُوا
عِدَّةَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ فَيُحِلُّوا مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ ۚ زُيِّنَ لَهُمْ
سُوءُ أَعْمَالِهِمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ
Pronunciation
Innama
annasee-o ziyadatunfee alkufri yudallu bihi allatheena kafaroo
yuhilloonahuAAaman wayuharrimoonahu AAaman liyuwati-ooAAiddata ma harrama
Allahu fayuhillooma harrama Allahu zuyyina lahum soo-o aAAmalihimwallahu la
yahdee alqawma alkafireen
Translation
Indeed,
the postponing [of restriction within sacred months] is an increase in
disbelief by which those who have disbelieved are led [further] astray. They
make it lawful one year and unlawful another year to correspond to the number
made unlawful by Allah and [thus] make lawful what Allah has made unlawful.
Made pleasing to them is the evil of their deeds; and Allah does not guide the
disbelieving people.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Postponement
[of the sacred month] — that is, the deferment of the sacredness of a given
month to another, as they used to do during paganism, such as postponing the
sacredness of Muharram, if it arrives while they are at war, to Safar — is only
an excess of unbelief, because of their rejection of God’s ruling thereof,
whereby those who disbelieve are led astray (yudallu may also be read yadillu,
‘[they] go astray’), one year they make it, the month postponed, profane, and
hallow it another, that they may make up, by profaning one month and hallowing
another in its place, the number, of months, which God has hallowed, such that
they do not hallow more, or less, than the four months, but without observing
the individual months themselves; and so they profane what God has hallowed.
Their evil deeds have been adorned for them, such that they deem them to be
good [deeds]; and God does not guide the disbelieving folk.
يَا أَيُّهَا
الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَا لَكُمْ إِذَا قِيلَ لَكُمُ انفِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
اثَّاقَلْتُمْ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ ۚ أَرَضِيتُم
بِالْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا مِنَ الْآخِرَةِ ۚ فَمَا مَتَاعُ
الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا فِي الْآخِرَةِ إِلَّا قَلِيلٌ
Pronunciation
Ya
ayyuha allatheena amanooma lakum itha qeela lakumu infiroo fee sabeeli
Allahiiththaqaltum ila al-ardi aradeetum bilhayatiaddunya mina al-akhirati fama
mataAAualhayati addunya fee al-akhiratiilla qaleel
Translation
O
you who have believed, what is [the matter] with you that, when you are told to
go forth in the cause of Allah , you adhere heavily to the earth? Are you
satisfied with the life of this world rather than the Hereafter? But what is
the enjoyment of worldly life compared to the Hereafter except a [very] little.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
When
the Prophet (s) summoned men for the Tabūk campaign, and they thought it too
burdensome, because of the hardship and the extreme heat from which they were
suffering, the following was revealed: O you who believe, what is wrong with
you that, when it is said to you, ‘Go forth in the way of God,’ you sink down
heavily (iththāqaltum: the original tā’ [of tathāqaltum] has been assimilated
with the thā’, and the conjunctive hamza has been supplied), in other words,
you hesitate and are disinclined to [participate in] the struggle, to the
ground, to stay sitting upon it? (the interrogative is meant as a rebuke). Are
you so content with the life of this world, and its delights, rather than with
the Hereafter?, that is, in place of its bliss? Yet the enjoyment of the life
of this world is, in, comparison with the enjoyment of, the Hereafter but
little, trivial.
إِلَّا تَنفِرُوا
يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا وَيَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْمًا غَيْرَكُمْ وَلَا
تَضُرُّوهُ شَيْئًا ۗ وَاللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
Pronunciation
Illa
tanfiroo yuAAaththibkumAAathaban aleeman wayastabdil qawman ghayrakum
walatadurroohu shay-an wallahu AAalakulli shay-in qadeer
Translation
If
you do not go forth, He will punish you with a painful punishment and will
replace you with another people, and you will not harm Him at all. And Allah is
over all things competent.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
If
(illā: lā has been assimilated with the nūn of the conditional particle in, in
both instances [here and in the next verse]) you do not go forth, [if you do
not] set out with the Prophet (s) for the struggle, He will chastise you with a
painful chastisement, and He will substitute [you with] another folk other than
you, that is, He will bring them in your place, and you will not hurt Him, that
is, God, or [‘him’ as being] the Prophet (s), at all, should you neglect to
help him [to victory], for God [Himself] will indeed bring victory to His
religion; for God has power over all things, including bringing victory to His
religion and His Prophet.
إِلَّا
تَنصُرُوهُ فَقَدْ نَصَرَهُ اللَّهُ إِذْ أَخْرَجَهُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا ثَانِيَ
اثْنَيْنِ إِذْ هُمَا فِي الْغَارِ إِذْ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِهِ لَا تَحْزَنْ إِنَّ
اللَّهَ مَعَنَا ۖ فَأَنزَلَ اللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلَيْهِ
وَأَيَّدَهُ بِجُنُودٍ لَّمْ تَرَوْهَا وَجَعَلَ كَلِمَةَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا
السُّفْلَىٰ ۗ وَكَلِمَةُ اللَّهِ هِيَ الْعُلْيَا ۗ وَاللَّهُ
عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Illa
tansuroohu faqad nasarahuAllahu ith akhrajahu allatheena kafaroo
thaniyaithnayni ith huma fee alghari ithyaqoolu lisahibihi la tahzan inna
AllahamaAAana faanzala Allahu sakeenatahu AAalayhiwaayyadahu bijunoodin lam
tarawha wajaAAala kalimata allatheenakafaroo assufla wakalimatu Allahi
hiyaalAAulya wallahu AAazeezun hakeem
Translation
If
you do not aid the Prophet - Allah has already aided him when those who
disbelieved had driven him out [of Makkah] as one of two, when they were in the
cave and he said to his companion, "Do not grieve; indeed Allah is with
us." And Allah sent down his tranquillity upon him and supported him with
angels you did not see and made the word of those who disbelieved the lowest,
while the word of Allah - that is the highest. And Allah is Exalted in Might
and Wise.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
If
you do not help him, that is, the Prophet (s), [know that] God has already
helped him, when the disbelievers drove him forth, from Mecca, that is, they
made him resort to leaving, when they desired to kill him or imprison him or
banish him at the council assembly — the second of two (thāniya ithnayn: this
is a circumstantial qualifier), that is, one of two, the other being Abū Bakr:
in other words, just as God helped him in such a situation, He will not forsake
him in another; when (idh substitutes for the previous idh) the two were in the
cave — a breach in the mountain called Thawr — when (idh substituting again),
he said to his companion, Abū Bakr — who, upon perceiving the [sound of the]
feet of the idolaters [nearby], had said to him, ‘If one of them should merely
look below his feet, he will definitely see us!’ — ‘Do not despair; verily God
is with us’, assisting [us]. Then God sent down His Spirit of Peace upon him,
His reassurance — some say this means upon the Prophet, others, that it means
upon Abū Bakr — and supported him, that is, the Prophet (s), with legions, of
angels, you did not see, [both] in the cave and in the locations in which he
fought battles; and He made the word of those who disbelieved, that is, the
call to idolatry, the nethermost, the one vanquished, and the Word of God, that
is, the profession of His Oneness (shahāda), was the uppermost, the one
prevailing and triumphant. And God is Mighty, in His Kingdom, Wise, in His
actions.
انفِرُوا
خِفَافًا وَثِقَالًا وَجَاهِدُوا بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَنفُسِكُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ
اللَّهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ
تَعْلَمُونَ
Pronunciation
Infiroo
khifafan wathiqalanwajahidoo bi-amwalikum waanfusikum fee sabeeli
Allahithalikum khayrun lakum in kuntum taAAlamoon
Translation
Go
forth, whether light or heavy, and strive with your wealth and your lives in
the cause of Allah . That is better for you, if you only knew.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Go
forth, light and heavy!, that is, energetically or not; it is also said [to
mean], [go forth] strong or weak, or rich or poor — but this was abrogated by
the verse, The weak would not be at fault … [Q. 9:91]. Struggle in the way of
God with your possessions and your lives: that is better for you, if only you
knew, that it is better for you; so do not sink down heavily.
لَوْ كَانَ
عَرَضًا قَرِيبًا وَسَفَرًا قَاصِدًا لَّاتَّبَعُوكَ وَلَٰكِن بَعُدَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ
الشُّقَّةُ ۚ وَسَيَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّهِ لَوِ اسْتَطَعْنَا
لَخَرَجْنَا مَعَكُمْ يُهْلِكُونَ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُمْ
لَكَاذِبُونَ
Pronunciation
Law
kana AAaradan qareebanwasafaran qasidan lattabaAAooka walakinbaAAudat
AAalayhimu ashshuqqatu wasayahlifoona billahilawi istataAAna lakharajna
maAAakumyuhlikoona anfusahum wallahu yaAAlamu innahum lakathiboon
Translation
Had
it been an easy gain and a moderate trip, the hypocrites would have followed
you, but distant to them was the journey. And they will swear by Allah ,
"If we were able, we would have gone forth with you," destroying
themselves [through false oaths], and Allah knows that indeed they are liars.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
following was revealed regarding the hypocrites who stayed behind [away from
the campaign]: Had it — that to which you summon them — been a near, easily
acquired, gain, a transient pleasure of this world, and an easy journey, of
moderate [length], they would have followed you, seeking spoils; but the
distance, the hardship, was too great for them, and so they stayed behind. Still
they will swear by God, when you return to them: [saying]: ‘Had we been able,
to go forth, we would have gone forth with you,’ destroying their souls, by
swearing false oaths, and God knows that they truly are liars, in this saying
of theirs.
عَفَا اللَّهُ
عَنكَ لِمَ أَذِنتَ لَهُمْ حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكَ الَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا
وَتَعْلَمَ الْكَاذِبِينَ
Pronunciation
AAafa
Allahu AAanka lima athintalahum hatta yatabayyana laka allatheena
sadaqoowataAAlama alkathibeen
Translation
May
Allah pardon you, [O Muhammad]; why did you give them permission [to remain
behind]? [You should not have] until it was evident to you who were truthful
and you knew [who were] the liars.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
Prophet (s), exercising his personal judgement, had given leave to a group to
stay behind, and so the following was revealed as a reprimand for him, but with
the pardon first, in order to reassure his heart: May God pardon you! Why do
you give them leave, to stay behind; why did you not leave them, until it was
clear to you which of them spoke the truth, in their excuse, and you knew those
who were lying, in it?
لَا
يَسْتَأْذِنُكَ الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَن
يُجَاهِدُوا بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنفُسِهِمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ
عَلِيمٌ بِالْمُتَّقِينَ
Pronunciation
La
yasta/thinuka allatheenayu/minoona billahi walyawmi al-akhirian yujahidoo
bi-amwalihim waanfusihim wallahuAAaleemun bilmuttaqeen
Translation
Those
who believe in Allah and the Last Day would not ask permission of you to be
excused from striving with their wealth and their lives. And Allah is Knowing
of those who fear Him.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Those
who believe in God and the Last Day do not ask leave of you, to stay behind,
that they may struggle with their possessions and their lives; and God knows
the pious.
إِنَّمَا
يَسْتَأْذِنُكَ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ
وَارْتَابَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ فَهُمْ فِي رَيْبِهِمْ يَتَرَدَّدُونَ
Pronunciation
Innama
yasta/thinuka allatheenala yu/minoona billahi walyawmi al-akhiriwartabat
quloobuhum fahum fee raybihimyataraddadoon
Translation
Only
those would ask permission of you who do not believe in Allah and the Last Day
and whose hearts have doubted, and they, in their doubt, are hesitating.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
alone ask leave of you, to stay behind, who do not believe in God and the Last
Day, and whose hearts are doubtful, uncertain, about religion, so in their
doubt they waver, they are confused.
وَلَوْ أَرَادُوا
الْخُرُوجَ لَأَعَدُّوا لَهُ عُدَّةً وَلَٰكِن كَرِهَ اللَّهُ انبِعَاثَهُمْ
فَثَبَّطَهُمْ وَقِيلَ اقْعُدُوا مَعَ الْقَاعِدِينَ
Pronunciation
Walaw
aradoo alkhurooja laaAAaddoolahu AAuddatan walakin kariha Allahu
inbiAAathahumfathabbatahum waqeela oqAAudoo maAAa alqaAAideen
Translation
And
if they had intended to go forth, they would have prepared for it [some]
preparation. But Allah disliked their being sent, so He kept them back, and
they were told, "Remain [behind] with those who remain."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
If
they had desired to go forth, with you, they would have made some preparation
for it, some equipment, such as tools and provisions, but God was averse that
they should be sent forth, that is, He did not want them to go forth, so He slowed
them down, He made them [feel] lethargic, and it was said, to them: ‘Stay back
with those who stay back!’, [with] the sick, the women and the children: in
other words, God decreed this.
لَوْ خَرَجُوا
فِيكُم مَّا زَادُوكُمْ إِلَّا خَبَالًا وَلَأَوْضَعُوا خِلَالَكُمْ يَبْغُونَكُمُ
الْفِتْنَةَ وَفِيكُمْ سَمَّاعُونَ لَهُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ
عَلِيمٌ بِالظَّالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Law
kharajoo feekum ma zadookumilla khabalan walaawdaAAoo khilalakumyabghoonakumu
alfitnata wafeekum sammaAAoona lahum wallahuAAaleemun biththalimeen
Translation
Had
they gone forth with you, they would not have increased you except in
confusion, and they would have been active among you, seeking [to cause] you
fitnah. And among you are avid listeners to them. And Allah is Knowing of the
wrongdoers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Had
they gone forth among you, they would only have caused you more trouble, [more]
corruption, by abandoning the believers, and would have hurried to and fro
among you, that is, they would have hastened to spread slander among you,
seeking, desiring, to stir up sedition, by casting enmity, between you; and
among you there are some who would listen to them, to what they say, listening
in readiness to accept it; and God knows the evildoers.
لَقَدِ
ابْتَغَوُا الْفِتْنَةَ مِن قَبْلُ وَقَلَّبُوا لَكَ الْأُمُورَ حَتَّىٰ جَاءَ
الْحَقُّ وَظَهَرَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ وَهُمْ كَارِهُونَ
Pronunciation
Laqadi
ibtaghawoo alfitnata min qabluwaqallaboo laka al-omoora hatta jaa
alhaqquwathahara amru Allahi wahum karihoon
Translation
They
had already desired dissension before and had upset matters for you until the
truth came and the ordinance of Allah appeared, while they were averse.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Indeed,
they sought to stir up sedition, against you, already before, when you first
came to Medina, and scrutinised your affairs, that is, they thought long and
hard how to plot against you and invalidate your religion, until the truth, the
[victorious] help, came, and God’s command, His religion, prevailed, stood mighty,
they still being averse, to it [His religion], entering it superficially.
وَمِنْهُم مَّن
يَقُولُ ائْذَن لِّي وَلَا تَفْتِنِّي ۚ أَلَا فِي
الْفِتْنَةِ سَقَطُوا ۗ وَإِنَّ
جَهَنَّمَ لَمُحِيطَةٌ بِالْكَافِرِينَ
Pronunciation
Waminhum
man yaqoolu i/than lee walataftinnee ala fee alfitnati saqatoo wa-innajahannama
lamuheetatun bilkafireen
Translation
And
among them is he who says, "Permit me [to remain at home] and do not put
me to trial." Unquestionably, into trial they have fallen. And indeed,
Hell will encompass the disbelievers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
there are some of them who say, ‘Grant me leave, to stay behind, and do not
lead me into temptation’: this was al-Jadd b. Qays, to whom the Prophet (s)
said, ‘Will you do battle against the Byzantines?’, and to which he replied, ‘I
am infatuated with women, and I fear that if I were to see these Byzantine
women, I shall not be able to stay away from them and be led into temptation’.
God, exalted be He, says: Surely they have [already] fallen into temptation!,
by staying behind (a variant reading [for saqatū, ‘they have fallen’] has [the
singular form] saqat, ‘he has fallen’). And surely Hell shall encompass the
disbelievers, for whom there shall be no escape therefrom.
إِن تُصِبْكَ
حَسَنَةٌ تَسُؤْهُمْ ۖ وَإِن تُصِبْكَ مُصِيبَةٌ يَقُولُوا قَدْ
أَخَذْنَا أَمْرَنَا مِن قَبْلُ وَيَتَوَلَّوا وَّهُمْ فَرِحُونَ
Pronunciation
In
tusibka hasanatun tasu/humwa-in tusibka museebatun yaqooloo qad akhathnaamrana
min qablu wayatawallaw wahum farihoon
Translation
If
good befalls you, it distresses them; but if disaster strikes you, they say,
"We took our matter [in hand] before," and turn away while they are
rejoicing.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
If
good fortune, such as a victory or [a taking of] some spoils, befalls you, it
vexes them; but if an affliction, some hardship, befalls you, they say, ‘We
took our precaution, judiciously — when we stayed behind — before’, before this
act of disobedience; and they turn away, rejoicing, at what has afflicted you.
قُل لَّن
يُصِيبَنَا إِلَّا مَا كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَنَا هُوَ مَوْلَانَا ۚ وَعَلَى اللَّهِ
فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ
Pronunciation
Qul
lan yuseebana illama kataba Allahu lana huwa mawlanawaAAala Allahi
falyatawakkali almu/minoon
Translation
Say,
"Never will we be struck except by what Allah has decreed for us; He is
our protector." And upon Allah let the believers rely.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say,
to them: ‘Nothing shall afflict us but that which God has decreed for us, that
we be afflicted thereby; He is our Protector, our Helper and the One in charge
of our affairs; in God let the believers put their trust’.
قُلْ هَلْ
تَرَبَّصُونَ بِنَا إِلَّا إِحْدَى الْحُسْنَيَيْنِ ۖ وَنَحْنُ
نَتَرَبَّصُ بِكُمْ أَن يُصِيبَكُمُ اللَّهُ بِعَذَابٍ مِّنْ عِندِهِ أَوْ
بِأَيْدِينَا ۖ فَتَرَبَّصُوا إِنَّا مَعَكُم مُّتَرَبِّصُونَ
Pronunciation
Qul
hal tarabbasoona bina illaihda alhusnayayni wanahnu natarabbasubikum an
yuseebakumu Allahu biAAathabin minAAindihi aw bi-aydeena fatarabbasoo
innamaAAakum mutarabbisoon
Translation
Say,
"Do you await for us except one of the two best things while we await for
you that Allah will afflict you with punishment from Himself or at our hands?
So wait; indeed we, along with you, are waiting."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say:
‘Are you waiting (tarabbasūn: one of the two original tā’ letters [in
tatarabbasūn] has been omitted) for anything, to occur, for us but one of the
two fair things, [the two fair] outcomes? (husnayayn is the dual form of husnā,
which is the feminine form of ahsan), that is, victory or martyrdom? We are
waiting in your case too, for God to afflict you with a chastisement from Him,
with a calamity from the heaven, or at our hands, should we be given permission
to fight you. So wait, for this to [befall] us, we are also waiting with you’,
your end.
قُلْ أَنفِقُوا
طَوْعًا أَوْ كَرْهًا لَّن يُتَقَبَّلَ مِنكُمْ ۖ إِنَّكُمْ
كُنتُمْ قَوْمًا فَاسِقِينَ
Pronunciation
Qul
anfiqoo tawAAan aw karhan lanyutaqabbala minkum innakum kuntum qawman fasiqeen
Translation
Say,
"Spend willingly or unwillingly; never will it be accepted from you.
Indeed, you have been a defiantly disobedient people."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say:
‘Expend, in obedience to God, willingly or unwillingly, it, what you expend,
shall not be accepted from you; you are surely a wicked folk’ (the imperative
statement here [also] functions as a predicate).
وَمَا مَنَعَهُمْ
أَن تُقْبَلَ مِنْهُمْ نَفَقَاتُهُمْ إِلَّا أَنَّهُمْ كَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ
وَبِرَسُولِهِ وَلَا يَأْتُونَ الصَّلَاةَ إِلَّا وَهُمْ كُسَالَىٰ وَلَا
يُنفِقُونَ إِلَّا وَهُمْ كَارِهُونَ
Pronunciation
Wama
manaAAahum an tuqbala minhumnafaqatuhum illa annahum kafaroo
billahiwabirasoolihi wala ya/toona assalatailla wahum kusala wala yunfiqoona
illawahum karihoon
Translation
And
what prevents their expenditures from being accepted from them but that they
have disbelieved in Allah and in His Messenger and that they come not to prayer
except while they are lazy and that they do not spend except while they are
unwilling.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
nothing prevents their expenditure from being accepted (read as yuqbala or
tuqbala) from them, but that they (innahum is the subject of the verb, while an
tuqbala, ‘being accepted’ constitutes the object) have disbelieved in God and
His Messenger, and that they do not come to [perform] prayer save as idlers,
sluggishly, and that they do not expend without their being reluctant, to
expend, for they consider it a financial penalty.
فَلَا تُعْجِبْكَ
أَمْوَالُهُمْ وَلَا أَوْلَادُهُمْ ۚ إِنَّمَا
يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُم بِهَا فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَتَزْهَقَ
أَنفُسُهُمْ وَهُمْ كَافِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Fala
tuAAjibka amwaluhum walaawladuhum innama yureedu Allahu liyuAAaththibahumbiha
fee alhayati addunyawatazhaqa anfusuhum wahum kafiroon
Translation
So
let not their wealth or their children impress you. Allah only intends to
punish them through them in worldly life and that their souls should depart [at
death] while they are disbelievers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
do not let their wealth or their children please you, that is, do not deem fair
Our graces to them, for this is a [way of] drawing [them] on by degrees [to
punish them]: God only desires thereby to chastise them in the life of this
world, by way of the hardship that they encounter in amassing such [wealth and
children] and the calamities [they suffer] as a result thereof; and that their
souls should depart while they are disbelievers, so He punishes them in the
Hereafter with the worst punishment.
وَيَحْلِفُونَ
بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُمْ لَمِنكُمْ وَمَا هُم مِّنكُمْ وَلَٰكِنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ
يَفْرَقُونَ
Pronunciation
Wayahlifoona
billahiinnahum laminkum wama hum minkum walakinnahumqawmun yafraqoon
Translation
And
they swear by Allah that they are from among you while they are not from among
you; but they are a people who are afraid.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they swear by God that they truly are of you, that is, [that they are]
believers; but they are not of you; they are a folk who are afraid, that you
should deal with them as you have done with the idolaters, and so they swear
merely in pretence, in order to protect themselves.
لَوْ يَجِدُونَ
مَلْجَأً أَوْ مَغَارَاتٍ أَوْ مُدَّخَلًا لَّوَلَّوْا إِلَيْهِ وَهُمْ
يَجْمَحُونَ
Pronunciation
Law
yajidoona maljaan aw magharatinaw muddakhalan lawallaw ilayhi wahum yajmahoon
Translation
If
they could find a refuge or some caves or any place to enter [and hide], they
would turn to it while they run heedlessly.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
If
they could find a shelter, in which to seek refuge, or some caverns,
underground chambers, or any place to enter, they would turn and bolt away to
it, they would hasten to enter it and get away from you with the undeterred
speed of an indomitable steed.
وَمِنْهُم مَّن
يَلْمِزُكَ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ فَإِنْ أُعْطُوا مِنْهَا رَضُوا وَإِن لَّمْ
يُعْطَوْا مِنْهَا إِذَا هُمْ يَسْخَطُونَ
Pronunciation
Waminhum
man yalmizuka fee assadaqatifa-in oAAtoo minha radoo wa-in lam yuAAtawminha
itha hum yaskhatoon
Translation
And
among them are some who criticize you concerning the [distribution of]
charities. If they are given from them, they approve; but if they are not given
from them, at once they become angry.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Some
of them defame you concerning the, apportioning of, voluntary almsgivings; if
they are given a share of them, they are content, but if they are given none
then they are enraged.
وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ
رَضُوا مَا آتَاهُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَقَالُوا حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ
سَيُؤْتِينَا اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ وَرَسُولُهُ إِنَّا إِلَى اللَّهِ رَاغِبُونَ
Pronunciation
Walaw
annahum radoo ma atahumuAllahu warasooluhu waqaloo hasbunaAllahu sayu/teena
Allahu min fadlihiwarasooluhu inna ila Allahi raghiboon
Translation
If
only they had been satisfied with what Allah and His Messenger gave them and
said, "Sufficient for us is Allah ; Allah will give us of His bounty, and
[so will] His Messenger; indeed, we are desirous toward Allah ," [it would
have been better for them].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
If
only they had been content with what God and His Messenger have given them, in
the way of spoils and the like, and had said, ‘Sufficient for us is God; God
will give us from His bounty, and His Messenger [will also give us], from other
spoils, what will suffice us; to God we are suppliants’, that He enrich us (the
response of [the conditional] law, ‘if only’, is la-kāna khayran lahum, ‘it
would have been better for them’).
إِنَّمَا
الصَّدَقَاتُ لِلْفُقَرَاءِ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْعَامِلِينَ عَلَيْهَا
وَالْمُؤَلَّفَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَفِي الرِّقَابِ وَالْغَارِمِينَ وَفِي سَبِيلِ
اللَّهِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ ۖ فَرِيضَةً مِّنَ
اللَّهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Innama
assadaqatulilfuqara-i walmasakeeni walAAamileenaAAalayha walmu-allafati
quloobuhum wafee arriqabiwalgharimeena wafee sabeeli Allahi wabniassabeeli
fareedatan mina Allahi wallahuAAaleemun hakeemun
Translation
Zakah
expenditures are only for the poor and for the needy and for those employed to
collect [zakah] and for bringing hearts together [for Islam] and for freeing
captives [or slaves] and for those in debt and for the cause of Allah and for
the [stranded] traveler - an obligation [imposed] by Allah . And Allah is
Knowing and Wise.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
voluntary almsgivings, the alms to be dispensed, are only for the poor, who
cannot find anything to suffice them in the least, and the needy, who cannot
find anything to suffice them, and those who work with them, that is, [with]
these alms, in other words, the one who collects [them], the one who takes the
oaths [from those who claim them], the slave to be manumitted by contract, as
well as the tax-summoner; and those whose hearts are to be reconciled, so that
they might become Muslims, or that Islam might be firmly established, or that
their peers might become Muslims, or that they might defend Muslims, all of
whom are [classed according to different] categories. According to al-Shāfi‘ī,
may God be pleased with him, the first and the last [of these categories] are
no longer given [of the alms-tax] today, because of the [established] power of
Islam; in contrast, the other two [categories] are given [of the alms-tax],
according to the sounder [opinion]; and for, the manumission of, slaves, that
is, [for] slaves to be manumitted by contract, and for the debtors, those in
debt, if they have taken out a debt without intending thereby an act of
disobedience, or those who have repented but have nothing with which to fulfil
[the penalty of expiation], or to set things right between people, even if they
be wealthy; and, for the way of God, that is, [for] those who are engaged in
the struggle, of those for whom there is no [share of the] booty (fay’), even
if they be wealthy; and for the traveller, the one cut off [from resources]
during his journey — a duty imposed by God (farīdatan, ‘a duty’, is in the
accusative because of an implied verb [sc. faradahā, ‘which He has imposed’]).
And God is Knower, of His creatures, Wise, in His actions. Thus, it is
impermissible to dispense these [alms-proceeds] other than to these
[categories], or to deny [these proceeds to] any one of these [categories] if
they exist. The Imam must divide these [proceeds] among them equally, but he is
permitted to give priority to certain individuals over others within any one
category. The lām [of li’l-fuqarā’, ‘for the poor’] indicates that it is
obligatory to include every individual [of these categories in the distribution
of the proceeds]; it is not, however, obligatory [to do so] when the person in
charge of the monies has to apportion it but [finds that] it is insufficient.
Indeed [in such a situation] it suffices to give three individuals from each
category, but anything less than that is not sufficient, as is indicated by the
plural form. The Sunna shows that the prerequisite condition for receiving [a
share] of such [monies] is that the person be a Muslim, but not a Hashimī or a
Muttālibī.
وَمِنْهُمُ
الَّذِينَ يُؤْذُونَ النَّبِيَّ وَيَقُولُونَ هُوَ أُذُنٌ ۚ قُلْ أُذُنُ
خَيْرٍ لَّكُمْ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَيُؤْمِنُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَرَحْمَةٌ
لِّلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنكُمْ ۚ وَالَّذِينَ
يُؤْذُونَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Waminhumu
allatheena yu/thoonaannabiyya wayaqooloona huwa othunun qul othunukhayrin lakum
yu/minu billahi wayu/minulilmu/mineena warahmatun lillatheena amanoominkum
wallatheena yu/thoona rasoola Allahilahum AAathabun aleem
Translation
And
among them are those who abuse the Prophet and say, "He is an ear."
Say, "[It is] an ear of goodness for you that believes in Allah and
believes the believers and [is] a mercy to those who believe among you."
And those who abuse the Messenger of Allah - for them is a painful punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
of them, the hypocrites, are those who injure the Prophet, by casting
aspersions on him and communicating [to others] what he says [in confidence],
saying, when they are forbidden from [doing] this, lest it should reach him:
‘He is only a listener!’, that is, he listens to anything that is said, and
accepts it, so that when we swear to him that we have not communicated [to others]
a particular thing, he believes us. Say, he is, ‘A listener, who listens, to
good for you, and not one who listens to evil, one who believes in God and has
faith, he trusts, in the believers, in what they inform him, and not in others
(the lām [of li’l-mu’minīna, ‘in the believers’] has been added to distinguish
between belief in the sense of ‘submitting [to God]’ (islām), and in other
senses [such as ‘trusting’]) and who is a mercy (read rahmatun, in the
nominative, as a supplement to udhunun, ‘a listener’, or rahmatin, in the
genitive, as a supplement to khayrin, ‘to good’) to those of you who believe.
Those who injure God’s Messenger, for them there is a painful chastisement’.
يَحْلِفُونَ
بِاللَّهِ لَكُمْ لِيُرْضُوكُمْ وَاللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَحَقُّ أَن يُرْضُوهُ إِن
كَانُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ
Pronunciation
Yahlifoona
billahilakum liyurdookum wallahu warasooluhu ahaqquan yurdoohu in kanoo
mu/mineen
Translation
They
swear by Allah to you [Muslims] to satisfy you. But Allah and His Messenger are
more worthy for them to satisfy, if they should be believers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
swear by God to you, O believers, that what has reached you of the Messenger
being injured they did not do, so that they might please you, but God and His
Messenger are more deserving that they should please them, through obedience,
if they are, true, believers (the merging of the pronouns into one [in yurdūhu,
‘their pleasing them’] is because the ‘pleasure’ of both [God and His
Messenger] are mutually dependent; [either that] or it is because the predicate
of Allāhu wa-rasūluhu, ‘God and His Messenger’, has been omitted).
أَلَمْ
يَعْلَمُوا أَنَّهُ مَن يُحَادِدِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَأَنَّ لَهُ نَارَ
جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدًا فِيهَا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ
الْخِزْيُ الْعَظِيمُ
Pronunciation
Alam
yaAAlamoo annahu man yuhadidiAllaha warasoolahu faanna lahu nara jahannama
khalidanfeeha thalika alkhizyu alAAatheem
Translation
Do
they not know that whoever opposes Allah and His Messenger - that for him is
the fire of Hell, wherein he will abide eternally? That is the great disgrace.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Do
they not know that, the fact is that, whoever opposes God and His Messenger,
for him shall be the fire of Hell, as a requital, to abide therein? That is the
great abasement.
يَحْذَرُ
الْمُنَافِقُونَ أَن تُنَزَّلَ عَلَيْهِمْ سُورَةٌ تُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا فِي
قُلُوبِهِمْ ۚ قُلِ اسْتَهْزِئُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ مُخْرِجٌ
مَّا تَحْذَرُونَ
Pronunciation
Yahtharu
almunafiqoona antunazzala AAalayhim sooratun tunabbi-ohum bima feequloobihim quli
istahzi-oo inna Allaha mukhrijun matahtharoon
Translation
They
hypocrites are apprehensive lest a surah be revealed about them, informing them
of what is in their hearts. Say, "Mock [as you wish]; indeed, Allah will
expose that which you fear."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
hypocrites are cautious, they fear, lest a sūra should be revealed to them,
that is, [to] the believers, informing them of what is in their [the
hypocrites’] hearts, of hypocrisy, and yet despite this they persist in
mockery. Say: ‘Keep mocking! (this is an imperative of threat) God will bring
out, He will make manifest, that, hypocrisy of yours, of which you are
fearful’, lest it be brought out.
وَلَئِن
سَأَلْتَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ إِنَّمَا كُنَّا نَخُوضُ وَنَلْعَبُ ۚ قُلْ
أَبِاللَّهِ وَآيَاتِهِ وَرَسُولِهِ كُنتُمْ تَسْتَهْزِئُونَ
Pronunciation
Wala-in
saaltahum layaqoolunna innamakunna nakhoodu wanalAAabu qul abillahiwaayatihi
warasoolihi kuntum tastahzi-oon
Translation
And
if you ask them, they will surely say, "We were only conversing and
playing." Say, "Is it Allah and His verses and His Messenger that you
were mocking?"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
if (la-in: the lām is for oaths) you question them, about their mockery of you
and of the Qur’ān while they were journeying with you towards Tabūk, assuredly
they will say, making excuses: ‘We were only engaging [in idle talk] and
jesting’, in conversation, in order to pass [the time of] the road, and we did
not mean it. Say, to them: ‘Were you then mocking God, and His signs, and His
Messenger?
لَا تَعْتَذِرُوا
قَدْ كَفَرْتُم بَعْدَ إِيمَانِكُمْ ۚ إِن نَّعْفُ عَن
طَائِفَةٍ مِّنكُمْ نُعَذِّبْ طَائِفَةً بِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا مُجْرِمِينَ
Pronunciation
La
taAAtathiroo qad kafartumbaAAda eemanikum in naAAfu AAan ta-ifatin
minkumnuAAaththib ta-ifatan bi-annahum kanoomujrimeen
Translation
Make
no excuse; you have disbelieved after your belief. If We pardon one faction of
you - We will punish another faction because they were criminals.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Make
no excuses, for that. You have disbelieved after believing, that is, your
disbelief has become manifest even as you have manifested belief. If We forgive
(read passive yu‘fa, ‘it is forgiven’, or active [first person plural] na‘fu,
‘We forgive’) a party of you, because of its sincerity and its repentance, as
in the case of Jahsh b. Humayyir, We will chastise (read either [passive]
tu‘adhdhab, ‘[it] shall be chastised’, or nu‘adhdhib) another party because
they were sinners’, persisting in hypocrisy and mockery.
الْمُنَافِقُونَ
وَالْمُنَافِقَاتُ بَعْضُهُم مِّن بَعْضٍ ۚ يَأْمُرُونَ
بِالْمُنكَرِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَقْبِضُونَ أَيْدِيَهُمْ ۚ نَسُوا اللَّهَ
فَنَسِيَهُمْ ۗ إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ
Pronunciation
Almunafiqoona
walmunafiqatubaAAduhum min baAAdin ya/muroona bilmunkariwayanhawna AAani
almaAAroofi wayaqbidoona aydiyahum nasooAllaha fanasiyahum inna almunafiqeena
humu alfasiqoon
Translation
The
hypocrite men and hypocrite women are of one another. They enjoin what is wrong
and forbid what is right and close their hands. They have forgotten Allah , so
He has forgotten them [accordingly]. Indeed, the hypocrites - it is they who
are the defiantly disobedient.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
hypocrites, both men and women, are of one another, that is, they resemble one
another in religion, as pieces of an individual entity, they enjoin indecency,
unbelief and acts of disobedience, and forbid decency, faith and obedience; and
they withhold their hands shut, from expending in obedience [of God]; they have
forgotten God, they have abandoned obedience of Him, so He has forgotten them,
He has deprived them of His grace. Truly the hypocrites, they are the wicked.
وَعَدَ اللَّهُ
الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَالْمُنَافِقَاتِ وَالْكُفَّارَ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدِينَ
فِيهَا ۚ هِيَ حَسْبُهُمْ ۚ وَلَعَنَهُمُ
اللَّهُ ۖ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُّقِيمٌ
Pronunciation
WaAAada
Allahu almunafiqeenawalmunafiqati walkuffara narajahannama khalideena feeha
hiya hasbuhumwalaAAanahumu Allahu walahum AAathabun muqeem
Translation
Allah
has promised the hypocrite men and hypocrite women and the disbelievers the
fire of Hell, wherein they will abide eternally. It is sufficient for them. And
Allah has cursed them, and for them is an enduring punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
God
has promised the hypocrites, both men and women, and the disbelievers, the fire
of Hell, to abide therein: it will suffice them, as a requital and a
punishment. And God has cursed them, He has removed them from His mercy, and
theirs will be a lasting, perpetual, chastisement.
كَالَّذِينَ مِن
قَبْلِكُمْ كَانُوا أَشَدَّ مِنكُمْ قُوَّةً وَأَكْثَرَ أَمْوَالًا وَأَوْلَادًا
فَاسْتَمْتَعُوا بِخَلَاقِهِمْ فَاسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِخَلَاقِكُمْ كَمَا اسْتَمْتَعَ
الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُم بِخَلَاقِهِمْ وَخُضْتُمْ كَالَّذِي خَاضُوا ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ
حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ
هُمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Kallatheena
min qablikum kanooashadda minkum quwwatan waakthara amwalan
waawladanfastamtaAAoo bikhalaqihim fastamtaAAtumbikhalaqikum kama istamtaAAa
allatheena minqablikum bikhalaqihim wakhudtum kallatheekhadoo ola-ika habitat
aAAmaluhumfee addunya wal-akhirati waola-ikahumu alkhasiroon
Translation
[You
disbelievers are] like those before you; they were stronger than you in power
and more abundant in wealth and children. They enjoyed their portion [of
worldly enjoyment], and you have enjoyed your portion as those before you enjoyed
their portion, and you have engaged [in vanities] like that in which they
engaged. [It is] those whose deeds have become worthless in this world and in
the Hereafter, and it is they who are the losers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
You,
O hypocrites, are, like those before you, who were far mightier than you, and
more abundant in wealth and children. They enjoyed their share, their lot in
this world. So you enjoy, O hypocrites, your share, just as those before you
enjoyed their share, and you indulge [in vain talk], in falsehood and
defamation of the Prophet (s), just as they indulged [in vain talk]. Those,
their works have become invalid in this world and in the Hereafter; and those,
they indeed are the losers.
أَلَمْ
يَأْتِهِمْ نَبَأُ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ وَعَادٍ وَثَمُودَ
وَقَوْمِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَأَصْحَابِ مَدْيَنَ وَالْمُؤْتَفِكَاتِ ۚ أَتَتْهُمْ
رُسُلُهُم بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ ۖ فَمَا كَانَ
اللَّهُ لِيَظْلِمَهُمْ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوا أَنفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ
Pronunciation
Alam
ya/tihim nabao allatheena minqablihim qawmi noohin waAAadin wathamooda
waqawmiibraheema waas-habi madyana walmu/tafikatiatat-hum rusuluhum
bilbayyinati fama kanaAllahu liyathlimahum walakin kanooanfusahum yathlimoon
Translation
Has
there not reached them the news of those before them - the people of Noah and
[the tribes of] 'Aad and Thamud and the people of Abraham and the companions of
Madyan and the towns overturned? Their messengers came to them with clear
proofs. And Allah would never have wronged them, but they were wronging
themselves.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Has
not the tidings, the tale, of those before them reached them — the folk of
Noah, and ‘Ād, the folk of Hūd, and Thamūd, the folk of Sālih, and the folk of
Abraham, and the dwellers of Midian, the folk of Shu‘ayb, and the Deviant
[cities]?, the cities of the folk of Lot, meaning, its inhabitants. Their
messengers brought them clear proofs, with miracles, but they denied them, and
so were destroyed. God would never have wronged them, by punishing them for no
sin [on their part], but they wronged themselves, by committing sin.
وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ
وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتُ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ ۚ يَأْمُرُونَ
بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ الْمُنكَرِ وَيُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتُونَ
الزَّكَاةَ وَيُطِيعُونَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ
سَيَرْحَمُهُمُ اللَّهُ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Walmu/minoona
walmu/minatubaAAduhum awliyao baAAdin ya/muroona bilmaAAroofiwayanhawna AAani
almunkari wayuqeemoona assalatawayu/toona azzakata wayuteeAAoona
Allahawarasoolahu ola-ika sayarhamuhumu Allahuinna Allaha AAazeezun hakeem
Translation
The
believing men and believing women are allies of one another. They enjoin what
is right and forbid what is wrong and establish prayer and give zakah and obey
Allah and His Messenger. Those - Allah will have mercy upon them. Indeed, Allah
is Exalted in Might and Wise.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
the believers, both men and women, are allies of one another; they enjoin
decency and forbid indecency; they observe prayer and pay the alms, and they
obey God and His Messenger. Those, God will have mercy on them. Truly God is
Mighty, nothing can prevent Him from fulfilling His promise and His threat;
Wise, He puts everything in its proper place.
وَعَدَ اللَّهُ
الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ
خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا وَمَسَاكِنَ طَيِّبَةً فِي جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ ۚ وَرِضْوَانٌ
مِّنَ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ
الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
Pronunciation
WaAAada
Allahu almu/mineena walmu/minatijannatin tajree min tahtiha al-anharukhalideena
feeha wamasakina tayyibatanfee jannati AAadnin waridwanun mina Allahiakbaru
thalika huwa alfawzu alAAatheem
Translation
Allah
has promised the believing men and believing women gardens beneath which rivers
flow, wherein they abide eternally, and pleasant dwellings in gardens of
perpetual residence; but approval from Allah is greater. It is that which is
the great attainment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
God
has promised the believers, both men and women, Gardens underneath which rivers
flow, to abide therein, and blessed dwellings in the Gardens of Eden, for
residence, and beatitude from God is greater, is superior to all of that. That
is the supreme triumph.
يَا أَيُّهَا
النَّبِيُّ جَاهِدِ الْكُفَّارَ وَالْمُنَافِقِينَ وَاغْلُظْ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ وَمَأْوَاهُمْ
جَهَنَّمُ ۖ وَبِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ
Pronunciation
Ya
ayyuha annabiyyu jahidialkuffara walmunafiqeena waghluthAAalayhim wama/wahum
jahannamu wabi/sa almaseer
Translation
O
Prophet, fight against the disbelievers and the hypocrites and be harsh upon
them. And their refuge is Hell, and wretched is the destination.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
O
Prophet, struggle against the disbelievers, with the sword, and the hypocrites,
with words and [definitive] arguments, and be harsh with them, through rebuke
and aversion [towards them]; for their abode will be Hell, an evil journey’s
end, [an evil] resort it is!
يَحْلِفُونَ
بِاللَّهِ مَا قَالُوا وَلَقَدْ قَالُوا كَلِمَةَ الْكُفْرِ وَكَفَرُوا بَعْدَ
إِسْلَامِهِمْ وَهَمُّوا بِمَا لَمْ يَنَالُوا ۚ وَمَا نَقَمُوا
إِلَّا أَنْ أَغْنَاهُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ ۚ فَإِن يَتُوبُوا
يَكُ خَيْرًا لَّهُمْ ۖ وَإِن يَتَوَلَّوْا
يُعَذِّبْهُمُ اللَّهُ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ ۚ وَمَا لَهُمْ
فِي الْأَرْضِ مِن وَلِيٍّ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ
Pronunciation
Yahlifoona
billahi maqaloo walaqad qaloo kalimata alkufri wakafaroobaAAda islamihim
wahammoo bima lam yanaloowama naqamoo illa an aghnahumu Allahuwarasooluhu min
fadlihi fa-in yatooboo yaku khayran lahumwa-in yatawallaw yuAAaththibhumu
Allahu AAathabanaleeman fee addunya wal-akhiratiwama lahum fee al-ardi min
waliyyin wala naseer
Translation
They
swear by Allah that they did not say [anything against the Prophet] while they
had said the word of disbelief and disbelieved after their [pretense of] Islam
and planned that which they were not to attain. And they were not resentful
except [for the fact] that Allah and His Messenger had enriched them of His
bounty. So if they repent, it is better for them; but if they turn away, Allah
will punish them with a painful punishment in this world and the Hereafter. And
there will not be for them on earth any protector or helper.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They,
the hypocrites, swear by God that they said nothing, of the defamation that has
reached you [as being] from them; but they did indeed say the word of disbelief
and did disbelieve after their submission [to God]: they did indeed manifest
disbelief after having manifested submission [to God]. And they purposed that
which they never attained, in the way of assassinating the Prophet on the night
of al-‘Aqaba, upon his return from Tabūk — there were about ten to twenty of
them, and ‘Ammār b. Yāsir struck the faces of their riding camels when they
came against him and were thus repulsed; and they were only spiteful, they
detested, that God and His Messenger should have enriched them of His bounty,
by way of spoils, when they had been in dire need: the meaning is that this was
all that they attained from him, which is nothing to be spiteful about. So if
they repent, of hypocrisy and believe in you, it will be better for them; but
if they turn away, from belief, God will chastise them with a painful
chastisement in this world, by having them killed, and in the Hereafter, in the
Fire, and they have none on earth as protector, to guard them from Him, or
helper, to defend them.
وَمِنْهُم مَّنْ
عَاهَدَ اللَّهَ لَئِنْ آتَانَا مِن فَضْلِهِ لَنَصَّدَّقَنَّ وَلَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ
الصَّالِحِينَ
Pronunciation
Waminhum
man AAahada Allahala-in atana min fadlihi lanassaddaqannawalanakoonanna mina
assaliheen
Translation
And
among them are those who made a covenant with Allah , [saying], "If He
should give us from His bounty, we will surely spend in charity, and we will
surely be among the righteous."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
some of them have made a covenant with God [saying]: ‘If He gives us of His
bounty, we will give voluntary alms (la-nassaddaqanna: the original tā’ [of
natasaddaqanna] has been assimilated with the sād) and become of the
righteous’: this was Tha‘laba b. Hātib, who asked the Prophet (s) to supplicate
on his behalf so that God would give him wealth, of which he would give every
needy person his due. He [the Prophet] thus supplicated for him and he became
wealthy, but stopped attending the Friday prayer and congregational prayers and
refused to pay the alms-tax, as God, exalted be He, says:
فَلَمَّا آتَاهُم
مِّن فَضْلِهِ بَخِلُوا بِهِ وَتَوَلَّوا وَّهُم مُّعْرِضُونَ
Pronunciation
Falamma
atahum min fadlihibakhiloo bihi watawallaw wahum muAAridoon
Translation
But
when he gave them from His bounty, they were stingy with it and turned away
while they refused.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Yet
when He gave them of His bounty, they became niggardly with it and turned away,
from obedience to God, in aversion.
فَأَعْقَبَهُمْ
نِفَاقًا فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ يَلْقَوْنَهُ بِمَا أَخْلَفُوا اللَّهَ
مَا وَعَدُوهُ وَبِمَا كَانُوا يَكْذِبُونَ
Pronunciation
FaaAAqabahum nifaqan fee
quloobihimila yawmi yalqawnahu bima akhlafoo Allaha mawaAAadoohu wabima kanoo
yakthiboon
Translation
So He penalized them with
hypocrisy in their hearts until the Day they will meet Him - because they
failed Allah in what they promised Him and because they [habitually] used to
lie.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So He made the consequence in
their case hypocrisy, fixed, in their hearts, until the day they meet Him, that
is, God, on the Day of Resurrection, because they failed God in what they
promised Him and because, of that concerning which, they lied: he [Tha‘laba]
then brought [the payment of] his alms to the Prophet (s), who said to him,
‘God has forbidden me to accept [it] from you’; so he [Tha‘laba] began to throw
earth on his head [in remorse]. He then approached Abū Bakr with it, who did
not accept it. He then went to ‘Umar [b. al-Khattāb], who also did not accept
it. He went to ‘Uthmān [b. ‘Affān], but he did not accept it; he died during
the latter’s reign.
9:78
أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ
سِرَّهُمْ وَنَجْوَاهُمْ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَّامُ الْغُيُوبِ
Pronunciation
Alam yaAAlamoo anna Allaha yaAAlamusirrahum
wanajwahum waanna Allaha AAallamualghuyoob
Translation
Did they not know that Allah knows
their secrets and their private conversations and that Allah is the Knower of
the unseen?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Did they, the hypocrites, not know
that God knows their secret, what they conceal within themselves, and their
confidential talks, what they confide in each other, and that God is the Knower
of the hidden things?, what is concealed from the eyes.
9:79
الَّذِينَ يَلْمِزُونَ الْمُطَّوِّعِينَ مِنَ
الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَجِدُونَ إِلَّا جُهْدَهُمْ
فَيَسْخَرُونَ مِنْهُمْ ۙ سَخِرَ اللَّهُ
مِنْهُمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Allatheena yalmizoona
almuttawwiAAeenamina almu/mineena fee assadaqati wallatheenala yajidoona illa
juhdahum fayaskharoona minhumsakhira Allahu minhum walahum AAathabun aleem
Translation
Those who criticize the
contributors among the believers concerning [their] charities and [criticize]
the ones who find nothing [to spend] except their effort, so they ridicule them
- Allah will ridicule them, and they will have a painful punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
When the verse concerning
‘voluntary alms’ [Q. 9:75] was revealed, a man came and gave a large amount as
voluntary alms, so the hypocrites said, ‘He is [merely] showing off!’ Another
man then came and gave a [moderate] measure [of food], and so they said, ‘God
has no need of this man’s charity!’ The following was then revealed: Those who
(alladhīna is the subject) find fault with, defame, the believers who offer
alms voluntarily, performing supererogation, and such as find nothing [to
offer] but their endeavours, [nothing but] what they are capable of, and offer
it; and deride them (and the predicate [of the mentioned subject] is [the
following]) — God [Himself] derides them, He has requited them for their
derision, and theirs will be a painful chastisement.
اسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ أَوْ لَا تَسْتَغْفِرْ
لَهُمْ إِن تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً فَلَن يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ
بِأَنَّهُمْ كَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا
يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفَاسِقِينَ
Pronunciation
Istaghfir lahum aw la
tastaghfirlahum in tastaghfir lahum sabAAeena marratan falan yaghfira
Allahulahum thalika bi-annahum kafaroo billahiwarasoolihi wallahu la yahdee
alqawma alfasiqeen
Translation
Ask forgiveness for them, [O
Muhammad], or do not ask forgiveness for them. If you should ask forgiveness
for them seventy times - never will Allah forgive them. That is because they
disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger, and Allah does not guide the defiantly
disobedient people.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Ask forgiveness for them, O Muhammad
(s), or do not ask forgiveness for them: this leaves the choice of asking
forgiveness, or refraining, up to him; the Prophet (s) said, ‘I have been given
the choice, and I made it’, meaning [the choice] to ask forgiveness, as
reported by al-Bukhārī. If you ask forgiveness for them seventy times, God will
not forgive them: it is said that the ‘seventy’ is intended to express [by
hyperbole] a great frequency of asking forgiveness. In [the Sahīh of]
al-Bukhārī there is a hadīth [which states]: ‘If I was sure that were I to ask
more than seventy times, God would forgive [them], I would have done so’. It is
also said, however, that the very number [seventy] is actually meant, on
account of this other hadīth of his: ‘I shall ask more than seventy times’, whereupon
it was made clear to him [the Prophet] that the matter regarding forgiveness
had been concluded by the verse, [Q. 63:6] Alike it will be regarding them:
whether you ask forgiveness for them or you do not ask forgiveness for them
[God will not forgive them]; that is because they disbelieved in God and His
Messenger; and God does not guide the wicked folk.
فَرِحَ الْمُخَلَّفُونَ بِمَقْعَدِهِمْ خِلَافَ
رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَكَرِهُوا أَن يُجَاهِدُوا بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنفُسِهِمْ فِي
سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَقَالُوا لَا تَنفِرُوا فِي الْحَرِّ ۗ قُلْ نَارُ
جَهَنَّمَ أَشَدُّ حَرًّا ۚ لَّوْ كَانُوا
يَفْقَهُونَ
Pronunciation
Fariha almukhallafoona
bimaqAAadihimkhilafa rasooli Allahi wakarihoo an yujahidoobi-amwalihim
waanfusihim fee sabeeli Allahi waqaloola tanfiroo fee alharri qul naru
jahannamaashaddu harran law kanoo yafqahoon
Translation
Those who remained behind rejoiced
in their staying [at home] after [the departure of] the Messenger of Allah and
disliked to strive with their wealth and their lives in the cause of Allah and
said, 'Do not go forth in the heat." Say, "The fire of Hell is more
intensive in heat" - if they would but understand.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Those who were left behind, from
[the journey to] Tabūk, rejoiced at remaining behind the Messenger of God, and
were averse to striving with their wealth and their lives in the way of God.
And they said, that is, they said to one another, ‘Do not go forth, do not set
off to [join] the fight, in the heat!’ Say: ‘The fire of Hell is hotter, than
Tabūk, and more worthy for them to guard against, by not staying behind, did
they but understand’, this, they would not have stayed behind.
فَلْيَضْحَكُوا قَلِيلًا وَلْيَبْكُوا كَثِيرًا
جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ
Pronunciation
Falyadhakoo qaleelan
walyabkookatheeran jazaan bima kanoo yaksiboon
Translation
So let them laugh a little and
[then] weep much as recompense for what they used to earn.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But let them laugh a little, in
this world, and weep much, in the Hereafter, as a requital for what they used
to earn (the sentence is predicative of their state, expressed in the form of
an imperative).
فَإِن رَّجَعَكَ اللَّهُ إِلَىٰ طَائِفَةٍ
مِّنْهُمْ فَاسْتَأْذَنُوكَ لِلْخُرُوجِ فَقُل لَّن تَخْرُجُوا مَعِيَ أَبَدًا
وَلَن تُقَاتِلُوا مَعِيَ عَدُوًّا ۖ إِنَّكُمْ
رَضِيتُم بِالْقُعُودِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ فَاقْعُدُوا مَعَ الْخَالِفِينَ
Pronunciation
Fa-in rajaAAaka Allahu ila
ta-ifatinminhum fasta/thanooka lilkhurooji faqul lantakhrujoo maAAiya abadan
walan tuqatiloo maAAiya AAaduwwaninnakum radeetum bilquAAoodi awwala marratin
faqAAudoomaAAa alkhalifeen
Translation
If Allah should return you to a
faction of them [after the expedition] and then they ask your permission to go
out [to battle], say, "You will not go out with me, ever, and you will
never fight with me an enemy. Indeed, you were satisfied with sitting [at home]
the first time, so sit [now] with those who stay behind."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So if God brings you back, from
Tabūk, to a party of them, of those hypocrites who stayed behind in Medina, and
they ask leave of you to go forth, with you on some other campaign, say, to
them: ‘You shall never more go forth with me, and you shall never fight with me
against an enemy. You were content to stay behind the first time, so stay
behind with those who stay behind’, away from [military] campaigns, such as
women and children and others.
وَلَا تُصَلِّ عَلَىٰ أَحَدٍ مِّنْهُم مَّاتَ
أَبَدًا وَلَا تَقُمْ عَلَىٰ قَبْرِهِ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ
كَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَمَاتُوا وَهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ
Pronunciation
Wala tusalli AAala ahadinminhum
mata abadan wala taqum AAala qabrihiinnahum kafaroo billahi warasoolihi
wamatoowahum fasiqoon
Translation
And do not pray [the funeral
prayer, O Muhammad], over any of them who has died - ever - or stand at his
grave. Indeed, they disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger and died while they
were defiantly disobedient.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
When the Prophet (s) prayed over
[the dead body of ‘Abd Allāh] Ibn Ubayy, the following was revealed: And never
pray over any one of them when he is dead, nor stand over his grave, at a
burial or as a visit; lo! they disbelieved in God and His Messenger, and died
while they were wicked, [they died] disbelieving.
وَلَا تُعْجِبْكَ أَمْوَالُهُمْ وَأَوْلَادُهُمْ
ۚ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ أَن يُعَذِّبَهُم
بِهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَتَزْهَقَ أَنفُسُهُمْ وَهُمْ كَافِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Wala tuAAjibka amwaluhum
waawladuhuminnama yureedu Allahu an yuAAaththibahum bihafee addunya watazhaqa
anfusuhum wahum kafiroon
Translation
And let not their wealth and their
children impress you. Allah only intends to punish them through them in this
world and that their souls should depart [at death] while they are
disbelievers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And let not their wealth and their
children please you; God desires only to chastise them thereby in this world,
and that their souls should depart while they are disbelievers.
وَإِذَا أُنزِلَتْ سُورَةٌ أَنْ آمِنُوا
بِاللَّهِ وَجَاهِدُوا مَعَ رَسُولِهِ اسْتَأْذَنَكَ أُولُو الطَّوْلِ مِنْهُمْ
وَقَالُوا ذَرْنَا نَكُن مَّعَ الْقَاعِدِينَ
Pronunciation
Wa-itha onzilat sooratun an
aminoobillahi wajahidoo maAAa rasoolihi ista/thanakaoloo attawli minhum waqaloo
tharnanakun maAAa alqaAAideen
Translation
And when a surah was revealed
[enjoining them] to believe in Allah and to fight with His Messenger, those of
wealth among them asked your permission [to stay back] and said, "Leave us
to be with them who sit [at home]."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And when a sūra, that is, a
section of the Qur’ān, is revealed, saying: ‘Believe in God and strive with His
Messenger’, the affluent among them ask leave of you, saying, ‘Leave us to be
with those who sit at home’.
رَضُوا بِأَن يَكُونُوا مَعَ الْخَوَالِفِ
وَطُبِعَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لَا يَفْقَهُونَ
Pronunciation
Radoo bi-an yakoonoo maAAa
alkhawalifiwatubiAAa AAala quloobihim fahum layafqahoon
Translation
They were satisfied to be with
those who stay behind, and their hearts were sealed over, so they do not
understand.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They are content to be with those
who stay behind (khawālif is the plural of khālifa, meaning the women who ‘stay
behind’ [takhallafna] at home) and a seal has been set upon their hearts, so
they do not understand, [what is] good.
لَٰكِنِ الرَّسُولُ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ
جَاهَدُوا بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنفُسِهِمْ ۚ وَأُولَٰئِكَ
لَهُمُ الْخَيْرَاتُ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ
Pronunciation
Lakini arrasoolu wallatheenaamanoo
maAAahu jahadoo bi-amwalihimwaanfusihim waola-ika lahumu alkhayratu
waola-ikahumu almuflihoon
Translation
But the Messenger and those who
believed with him fought with their wealth and their lives. Those will have
[all that is] good, and it is those who are the successful.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But the Messenger and those who
believe with him strive with their wealth and their lives: for them are the
good things, in this life and in the Hereafter; those, they are the successful,
the triumphant.
أَعَدَّ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن
تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ
الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
Pronunciation
aAAadda Allahu lahum
jannatintajree min tahtiha al-anharu khalideenafeeha thalika alfawzu alAAatheem
Translation
Allah has prepared for them
gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide eternally. That is
the great attainment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
God has prepared for them Gardens
underneath which rivers flow, to abide therein: that is the supreme triumph.
وَجَاءَ الْمُعَذِّرُونَ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ
لِيُؤْذَنَ لَهُمْ وَقَعَدَ الَّذِينَ كَذَبُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ ۚ سَيُصِيبُ
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Wajaa almuAAaththiroona
minaal-aAArabi liyu/thana lahum waqaAAada allatheenakathaboo Allaha warasoolahu
sayuseebu allatheenakafaroo minhum AAathabun aleem
Translation
And those with excuses among the
bedouins came to be permitted [to remain], and they who had lied to Allah and
His Messenger sat [at home]. There will strike those who disbelieved among them
a painful punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And those Bedouins who had an
excuse (al-mu‘adhdhirūn: the original tā’ has been assimilated with the dāl, in
other words [it would usually be read as] al-mu‘tadhirūn, which [itself] is a
variant reading), those [of them who were] excused, [came] to the Prophet (s),
asking for leave, to stay behind on account of their excuses, and so he gave
them leave to do so. And those who lied to God and His Messenger, by feigning
belief, [those] hypocrites among the Bedouin, stayed behind, [refraining] from
coming to give [their] excuses — a painful chastisement shall befall those of
them who disbelieve.
لَّيْسَ عَلَى الضُّعَفَاءِ وَلَا عَلَى
الْمَرْضَىٰ وَلَا عَلَى الَّذِينَ لَا يَجِدُونَ مَا يُنفِقُونَ حَرَجٌ إِذَا
نَصَحُوا لِلَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ۚ مَا عَلَى
الْمُحْسِنِينَ مِن سَبِيلٍ ۚ وَاللَّهُ
غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Laysa AAala adduAAafa-iwala AAala
almarda wala AAalaallatheena la yajidoona ma yunfiqoona harajunitha nasahoo
lillahi warasoolihi maAAala almuhsineena min sabeelin wallahughafoorun raheem
Translation
There is not upon the weak or upon
the ill or upon those who do not find anything to spend any discomfort when
they are sincere to Allah and His Messenger. There is not upon the doers of
good any cause [for blame]. And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
As for the weak, such as the old,
and the sick, the blind and the chronically ill, and those who find nothing to
expend, for the struggle, no blame, no sin, falls upon them, should they stay
away from it, if they remain true to God and to His Messenger, when they stay
behind, by not spreading false rumours or impeding [others from joining the
struggle], but by [adhering to] obedience. There is no way [of blame], no way
of reproach, against those who are virtuous, through such [behaviour]. And God
is Forgiving, Merciful, to them, by granting them such leeway [in this matter].
وَلَا عَلَى الَّذِينَ إِذَا مَا أَتَوْكَ
لِتَحْمِلَهُمْ قُلْتَ لَا أَجِدُ مَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ تَوَلَّوا
وَّأَعْيُنُهُمْ تَفِيضُ مِنَ الدَّمْعِ حَزَنًا أَلَّا يَجِدُوا مَا يُنفِقُونَ
Pronunciation
Wala AAala allatheena ithama
atawka litahmilahum qulta la ajidu maahmilukum AAalayhi tawallaw waaAAyunuhum
tafeedumina addamAAi hazanan alla yajidoo mayunfiqoon
Translation
Nor [is there blame] upon those
who, when they came to you that you might give them mounts, you said, "I
can find nothing for you to ride upon." They turned back while their eyes
overflowed with tears out of grief that they could not find something to spend
[for the cause of Allah ].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Nor against those who, when they
came to you so that you might give them a mount, [to ride] with you on the raid
— these were seven men of the Ansār; but it is also said that they were the
Banū Muqrin — you having said to them, ‘I cannot find [a mount] whereon to
mount you’ (this [last sentence] is a circumstantial qualifier), turned back
(this is the response to the [clause beginning with] idhā, ‘when’), that is,
they departed, their eyes flowing, pouring, with tears (min al-dam‘i: min is
explicative) for sorrow that they could not find the means to expend, for the
[campaign] struggle.
إِنَّمَا السَّبِيلُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ
يَسْتَأْذِنُونَكَ وَهُمْ أَغْنِيَاءُ ۚ رَضُوا بِأَن
يَكُونُوا مَعَ الْخَوَالِفِ وَطَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لَا
يَعْلَمُونَ
Pronunciation
Innama assabeelu AAalaallatheena
yasta/thinoonaka wahum aghniyaoradoo bi-an yakoonoo maAAa alkhawalifi
watabaAAaAllahu AAala quloobihim fahum la yaAAlamoon
Translation
The cause [for blame] is only upon
those who ask permission of you while they are rich. They are satisfied to be
with those who stay behind, and Allah has sealed over their hearts, so they do
not know.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The way [of blame] is only against
those who ask leave of you, to stay behind, when they are rich. They are
content to be with those who stay behind and God has set a seal on their
hearts, so that they do not know: a similar statement has already been made.
يَعْتَذِرُونَ إِلَيْكُمْ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ
إِلَيْهِمْ ۚ قُل لَّا تَعْتَذِرُوا لَن نُّؤْمِنَ لَكُمْ
قَدْ نَبَّأَنَا اللَّهُ مِنْ أَخْبَارِكُمْ ۚ وَسَيَرَى
اللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمْ وَرَسُولُهُ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَالِمِ الْغَيْبِ
وَالشَّهَادَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
Pronunciation
YaAAtathiroona ilaykum
itharajaAAtum ilayhim qul la taAAtathiroo lan nu/minalakum qad nabbaana Allahu
min akhbarikumwasayara Allahu AAamalakum warasooluhu thummaturaddoona ila
AAalimi alghaybi washshahadatifayunabbi-okum bima kuntum taAAmaloon
Translation
They will make excuses to you when
you have returned to them. Say, "Make no excuse - never will we believe
you. Allah has already informed us of your news. And Allah will observe your
deeds, and [so will] His Messenger; then you will be taken back to the Knower
of the unseen and the witnessed, and He will inform you of what you used to
do."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They will make excuses to you, for
having stayed behind, when you return to them, from the campaign. Say, to them:
‘Do not make excuses; we will never believe you! God has already told us
tidings of you, that is, He has already informed us of your [true] status. And
God will see your work, and [so will] His Messenger, then you will be returned,
through resurrection, to the Knower of the unseen and the visible, meaning [to]
God, and He will tell you what you used to do’, and requite you for it.
سَيَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّهِ لَكُمْ إِذَا
انقَلَبْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ لِتُعْرِضُوا عَنْهُمْ ۖ فَأَعْرِضُوا
عَنْهُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ رِجْسٌ ۖ وَمَأْوَاهُمْ
جَهَنَّمُ جَزَاءً بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ
Pronunciation
Sayahlifoona billahilakum itha
inqalabtum ilayhim lituAAridoo AAanhumfaaAAridoo AAanhum innahum rijsun
wama/wahumjahannamu jazaan bima kanoo yaksiboon
Translation
They will swear by Allah to you
when you return to them that you would leave them alone. So leave them alone;
indeed they are evil; and their refuge is Hell as recompense for what they had
been earning.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They will swear to you by God,
when you turn back, [when] you return, to them, from Tabūk, that they had
[genuine] excuses for staying behind, so that you may leave them be, refraining
from reproaching them. So leave them be, for they are an abomination, filth, on
account of their inner vileness, and their abode shall be Hell, as requital for
what they used to earn.
يَحْلِفُونَ لَكُمْ لِتَرْضَوْا عَنْهُمْ ۖ فَإِن تَرْضَوْا
عَنْهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَرْضَىٰ عَنِ الْقَوْمِ الْفَاسِقِينَ
Pronunciation
Yahlifoona lakum litardawAAanhum
fa-in tardaw AAanhum fa-inna Allaha layarda AAani alqawmi alfasiqeen
Translation
They swear to you so that you
might be satisfied with them. But if you should be satisfied with them -
indeed, Allah is not satisfied with a defiantly disobedient people.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They will swear to you, that you
may be satisfied with them; but if you are satisfied with them, God will surely
not be satisfied with the wicked folk, that is, with them: your satisfaction is
of no avail in the face of the wrath of God.
الْأَعْرَابُ أَشَدُّ كُفْرًا وَنِفَاقًا
وَأَجْدَرُ أَلَّا يَعْلَمُوا حُدُودَ مَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ
عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Al-aAArabu ashaddu kufran
wanifaqanwaajdaru alla yaAAlamoo hudooda ma anzalaAllahu AAala rasoolihi
wallahuAAaleemun hakeem
Translation
The bedouins are stronger in
disbelief and hypocrisy and more likely not to know the limits of what [laws]
Allah has revealed to His Messenger. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The Bedouins, the [Arab] nomads,
are more intense in unbelief and hypocrisy, than the city-dwellers, on account
of their harshness and crude nature and their being too remote to hear the
Qur’ān, and are more likely not to know the bounds of what God has revealed to
His Messenger, in the way of rulings and [legal] prescriptions; and God is
Knower, of His creatures, Wise, in what He does with them.
وَمِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ مَن يَتَّخِذُ مَا يُنفِقُ
مَغْرَمًا وَيَتَرَبَّصُ بِكُمُ الدَّوَائِرَ ۚ عَلَيْهِمْ
دَائِرَةُ السَّوْءِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Wamina al-aAArabi man
yattakhithuma yunfiqu maghraman wayatarabbasu bikumu addawa-iraAAalayhim
da-iratu assaw-i wallahusameeAAun AAaleem
Translation
And among the bedouins are some
who consider what they spend as a loss and await for you turns of misfortune.
Upon them will be a misfortune of evil. And Allah is Hearing and Knowing.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And of the Bedouins there is he
who takes what he expends, in the way of God, as a penalty, as a liability and
a [financial] loss, because he does not aspire to be rewarded for it, but
expends it out of fear: these were Banū Asad and [Banū] Ghatafān; and awaits
for you [evil] turns of fortune, the fortunes of time, for you, that these
should turn against you, and so be rid [of you]. Theirs shall be the evil (read
as al-sū‘, or al-saw‘) turn of fortune, that is, chastisement and destruction
shall turn on them, not on you. And God is Hearer, of the sayings of His
servants, Knower, of their actions.
وَمِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ مَن يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ
وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَيَتَّخِذُ مَا يُنفِقُ قُرُبَاتٍ عِندَ اللَّهِ
وَصَلَوَاتِ الرَّسُولِ ۚ أَلَا إِنَّهَا
قُرْبَةٌ لَّهُمْ ۚ سَيُدْخِلُهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي رَحْمَتِهِ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Wamina al-aAArabi man yu/minu
billahiwalyawmi al-akhiri wayattakhithu mayunfiqu qurubatin AAinda Allahi
wasalawatiarrasooli ala innaha qurbatun lahumsayudkhiluhumu Allahu fee
rahmatihi inna Allahaghafoorun raheem
Translation
But among the bedouins are some
who believe in Allah and the Last Day and consider what they spend as means of
nearness to Allah and of [obtaining] invocations of the Messenger.
Unquestionably, it is a means of nearness for them. Allah will admit them to
His mercy. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And of the Bedouins there is he
who believes in God and the Last Day, such as [men from among the tribes of]
Juhayna and Muzayna, and takes what he expends, in the way of God, as [pious]
offerings to bring [him] nearer to God, and, as a means, to [secure] the
prayers, the supplications, of the Messenger, for him. Surely these, the
expenditure of such [men], will bring them nearer (read qurubatun or qurbatun),
to Him. God will admit them into His mercy, His Paradise. Truly God is
Forgiving, to those who obey Him, Merciful, to them.
وَالسَّابِقُونَ الْأَوَّلُونَ مِنَ
الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنصَارِ وَالَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُم بِإِحْسَانٍ رَّضِيَ
اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي تَحْتَهَا
الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا ۚ ذَٰلِكَ
الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
Pronunciation
Wassabiqoona al-awwaloonamina
almuhajireena wal-ansari wallatheenaittabaAAoohum bi-ihsanin radiya
AllahuAAanhum waradoo AAanhu waaAAadda lahum jannatintajree tahtaha al-anharu
khalideenafeeha abadan thalika alfawzu alAAatheem
Translation
And the first forerunners [in the
faith] among the Muhajireen and the Ansar and those who followed them with good
conduct - Allah is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him, and He has
prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide
forever. That is the great attainment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And the first to lead the way, of
the Emigrants and the Helpers, namely, those who were present at [the battle
of] Badr, or [it means] all the Companions, and those who follow them, up to
the Day of Resurrection, by being virtuous, in deeds, God will be pleased with
them, for their obedience of Him, and they will be pleased with Him, for His
reward [to them]; and He has prepared for them Gardens — with rivers flowing
beneath them (a variant reading adds min [min tahtihā, ‘beneath which’]) — to
abide therein forever: that is the supreme triumph.
وَمِمَّنْ حَوْلَكُم مِّنَ الْأَعْرَابِ
مُنَافِقُونَ ۖ وَمِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ ۖ مَرَدُوا عَلَى
النِّفَاقِ لَا تَعْلَمُهُمْ ۖ نَحْنُ نَعْلَمُهُمْ
ۚ سَنُعَذِّبُهُم مَّرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ يُرَدُّونَ
إِلَىٰ عَذَابٍ عَظِيمٍ
Pronunciation
Wamimman hawlakum mina
al-aAArabimunafiqoona wamin ahli almadeenati maradoo AAala annifaqila
taAAlamuhum nahnu naAAlamuhum sanuAAaththibuhummarratayni thumma yuraddoona ila
AAathabin AAatheem
Translation
And among those around you of the
bedouins are hypocrites, and [also] from the people of Madinah. They have
become accustomed to hypocrisy. You, [O Muhammad], do not know them, [but] We
know them. We will punish them twice [in this world]; then they will be
returned to a great punishment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And among those around you, O
inhabitants of Medina, of the Bedouins there are hypocrites, such as [the
tribes of] Aslam, Ashja‘ and Ghifār, and among the townspeople of Medina, there
are also hypocrites, who are obstinate in hypocrisy, engrossed in it and
persisting [in it]. You do not know them — an address to the Prophet (s) — but
We know them, and We shall chastise them twice, by disgracing them or having
them killed in this world, and by way of punishment in the grave, then they
will be returned, in the Hereafter, to a terrible chastisement, namely, the
Fire.
وَآخَرُونَ اعْتَرَفُوا بِذُنُوبِهِمْ خَلَطُوا
عَمَلًا صَالِحًا وَآخَرَ سَيِّئًا عَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Waakharoona iAAtarafoo
bithunoobihimkhalatoo AAamalan salihan waakharasayyi-an AAasa Allahu an yatooba
AAalayhim inna Allahaghafoorun raheem
Translation
And [there are] others who have
acknowledged their sins. They had mixed a righteous deed with another that was
bad. Perhaps Allah will turn to them in forgiveness. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving
and Merciful.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And [there are] others (ākharūn is
the subject), [another] folk, who have confessed their sins, for having stayed
behind (i‘tarafū bi-dhunūbihim is an adjectival qualification of it [the
subject] and the predicate is [the following, khalatū ‘amalan sālihan]) they
have mixed a righteous deed, that is, their former [participation in the]
struggle, or the their confession of their sins, or otherwise, with another
that was bad, which is their having stayed behind. It may be that God will
relent to them. Truly God is Forgiving, Merciful: this was revealed regarding
Abū Lubāba and a group of men who tied themselves to the walls of the mosque
after they heard what had been revealed regarding those who stayed behind; they
swore that only the Prophet (s) would untie them, which he did when this
[verse] was revealed.
خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ
وَتُزَكِّيهِم بِهَا وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ ۖ إِنَّ صَلَاتَكَ
سَكَنٌ لَّهُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Khuth min amwalihim
sadaqatantutahhiruhum watuzakkeehim biha wasalliAAalayhim inna salataka sakanun
lahum wallahusameeAAun AAaleem
Translation
Take, [O, Muhammad], from their
wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them increase, and invoke [
Allah 's blessings] upon them. Indeed, your invocations are reassurance for
them. And Allah is Hearing and Knowing.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Take of their wealth some alms, to
purify them and to cleanse them thereby, of their sins; he thus took a third of
their wealth and gave it away as charity; and pray for them, that is,
supplicate for them; truly your prayers are a comfort, a mercy, for them: it is
also said [to mean] reassurance [for them], that their repentance has been
accepted. And God is Hearer, Knower.
أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ يَقْبَلُ
التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ وَيَأْخُذُ الصَّدَقَاتِ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ
التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ
Pronunciation
Alam yaAAlamoo anna Allaha
huwayaqbalu attawbata AAan AAibadihi waya/khuthuassadaqati waanna Allaha huwa
attawwabuarraheem
Translation
Do they not know that it is Allah
who accepts repentance from His servants and receives charities and that it is
Allah who is the Accepting of repentance, the Merciful?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Do they not know that God is He
Who accepts repentance from His servants and takes, accepts, the voluntary
alms, and that God is He Who is the Relenting, to His servants, by accepting
their repentance, and the Merciful?, to them (the interrogative is intended as
an affirmative [statement] and is meant to incite them to [offer] repentance
and charity).
وَقُلِ اعْمَلُوا فَسَيَرَى اللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمْ
وَرَسُولُهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۖ وَسَتُرَدُّونَ
إِلَىٰ عَالِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ
تَعْمَلُونَ
Pronunciation
Waquli iAAmaloo fasayara
AllahuAAamalakum warasooluhu walmu/minoona wasaturaddoona ilaAAalimi alghaybi
washshahadatifayunabbi-okum bima kuntum taAAmaloon
Translation
And say, "Do [as you will],
for Allah will see your deeds, and [so, will] His Messenger and the believers.
And you will be returned to the Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, and He
will inform you of what you used to do."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And say, to them, or to people [in
general]: ‘Act, as you will, for God will surely see your actions, and [so
will] His Messenger and the believers, and you will be returned, through
resurrection, to the Knower of the unseen and the visible, that is, [to] God,
and He will tell you what you used to do’, and so requite you for it.
وَآخَرُونَ مُرْجَوْنَ لِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ إِمَّا
يُعَذِّبُهُمْ وَإِمَّا يَتُوبُ عَلَيْهِمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ
عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Waakharoona murjawna li-amri
Allahiimma yuAAaththibuhum wa-imma yatoobuAAalayhim wallahu AAaleemun hakeem
Translation
And [there are] others deferred
until the command of Allah - whether He will punish them or whether He will
forgive them. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And [there are] others, from among
those who stayed behind, who are deferred (read murja’ūna or murjawna), whose
repentance is delayed, to God’s command, concerning them, according to His
will, whether He chastises them, by causing them to die without [their having
made any] repentance, or relents to them; and God is Knower, of His creatures,
Wise, in what He does with them. These [others mentioned] are the three, who
will be mentioned afterwards: Murāra b. al-Rabī‘, Ka‘b b. Mālik and Hilāl b.
Umayya. They stayed behind out of laziness and their inclination for peace and
quiet, not out of hypocrisy. Unlike the others, however, they did not excuse
themselves before the Prophet (s), and so the matter regarding them was
suspended for fifty days, during which time people avoided them, until it was
later revealed that God had relented to them.
وَالَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا مَسْجِدًا ضِرَارًا
وَكُفْرًا وَتَفْرِيقًا بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَإِرْصَادًا لِّمَنْ حَارَبَ
اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ مِن قَبْلُ ۚ وَلَيَحْلِفُنَّ
إِنْ أَرَدْنَا إِلَّا الْحُسْنَىٰ ۖ وَاللَّهُ
يَشْهَدُ إِنَّهُمْ لَكَاذِبُونَ
Pronunciation
Wallatheena ittakhathoomasjidan
diraran wakufran watafreeqan baynaalmu/mineena wa-irsadan liman haraba
Allahawarasoolahu min qablu walayahlifunna in aradna illaalhusna wallahu
yashhadu innahum lakathiboon
Translation
And [there are] those [hypocrites]
who took for themselves a mosque for causing harm and disbelief and division
among the believers and as a station for whoever had warred against Allah and
His Messenger before. And they will surely swear, "We intended only the
best." And Allah testifies that indeed they are liars.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And, among them, those who have
chosen a mosque — these were twelve men from among the hypocrites — by way of
harm, to cause distress for those of the mosque of Qubā’, and disbelief, since
they built it on the orders of the monk Abū ‘Āmir, as a sanctuary for him, so
that whoever comes from his side may stay there: he had gone to the Byzantine
Emperor (qaysar) to bring troops to fight against the Prophet (s), and to cause
division among the believers, who pray in the mosque of Qubā’, by having some
of these pray in their [the hypocrites’] mosque, and as an outpost, an
observation post, for those who waged war against God and His Messenger before,
that is, before it was built — meaning the above-mentioned Abū ‘Āmir — they
will swear: ‘We desired nothing, by building it, but, to do, good’, by way of
kindness towards the poor in times of [heavy] rain or [extreme] heat and in
order to provide [a place of worship] for the Muslims; and God bears witness
that they are truly liars, in this [claim of theirs]. They had asked the
Prophet (s) to perform prayers in it, and so the following was revealed:
لَا تَقُمْ فِيهِ أَبَدًا ۚ لَّمَسْجِدٌ
أُسِّسَ عَلَى التَّقْوَىٰ مِنْ أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ أَحَقُّ أَن تَقُومَ فِيهِ ۚ فِيهِ رِجَالٌ
يُحِبُّونَ أَن يَتَطَهَّرُوا ۚ وَاللَّهُ يُحِبُّ
الْمُطَّهِّرِينَ
Pronunciation
La taqum feehi abadan
lamasjidunossisa AAala attaqwa min awwali yawmin ahaqquan taqooma feehi feehi
rijalun yuhibboona an yatatahharoowallahu yuhibbu almuttahhireen
Translation
Do not stand [for prayer] within
it - ever. A mosque founded on righteousness from the first day is more worthy
for you to stand in. Within it are men who love to purify themselves; and Allah
loves those who purify themselves.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Never stand, [never] perform
prayer, there: and so he sent a group of men to destroy and burn it, and in its
place they left a refuse pit where decaying cadavers would be dumped. A mosque
which was founded, one whose foundations were built, upon piety from the first
day, constructed the day you arrived in Medina (dār al-hijra) — this was the
mosque of Qubā’, as mentioned in Bukhārī — is worthier, than that [other one],
for you to stand, to perform prayer, therein; in it are men, namely, the Ansār,
who love to purify themselves; and God loves those who purify themselves
(muttahhirīn: the original tā’ [of mutatahhirūn] has been assimilated with the
tā’) that is, He will reward them. Ibn Khuzayma reported in his Sahīh [by way
of an isnād] from [‘Uwaym] b. Sā‘ida that: ‘The Prophet (s) came to them at the
mosque of Qubā’ and said, “God, exalted be He, has praised handsomely the way
you purify yourselves in the story about your mosque, so what is this
purification which you perform?” They said, “By God, O Messenger of God, all
that we know is that we used to have Jews in our vicinity and they used to wash
their behinds after defecation, and so we began to wash in the way they did”’.
According to one hadīth reported by al-Bazzār [they said]: ‘We use stones [to
scrape off remnants] and follow this with water’; to which he [the Prophet]
said, ‘That is the way [for proper purification]. Let this be your way’.
أَفَمَنْ أَسَّسَ بُنْيَانَهُ عَلَىٰ تَقْوَىٰ
مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرِضْوَانٍ خَيْرٌ أَم مَّنْ أَسَّسَ بُنْيَانَهُ عَلَىٰ شَفَا
جُرُفٍ هَارٍ فَانْهَارَ بِهِ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا
يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Afaman assasa bunyanahu AAalataqwa
mina Allahi waridwanin khayrunam man assasa bunyanahu AAala shafa jurufinharin
fanhara bihi fee narijahannama wallahu la yahdee alqawma aththalimeen
Translation
Then is one who laid the
foundation of his building on righteousness [with fear] from Allah and
[seeking] His approval better or one who laid the foundation of his building on
the edge of a bank about to collapse, so it collapsed with him into the fire of
Hell? And Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Is he who founded his building
upon fear of God and, in hope of, beatitude, from Him, better, or he who
founded his building upon the brink, the edge, of a bank, an overhang, that is
crumbling, about to collapse (read juruf or jurf) so that it toppled with him,
so that it collapsed [taking] with it the one who built it, into the fire of Hell?:
[this is] an excellent similitude for building upon that which constitutes the
opposite of fear of God and [for] what it leads to; the interrogative is meant
as an affirmative: in other words, the former is the better, which is the
likeness of the [building of the] mosque of Qubā’, while the latter is the
likeness of the mosque of ‘harm’ (masjid al-dirār). And God guides not the
evildoing folk.
لَا يَزَالُ بُنْيَانُهُمُ الَّذِي بَنَوْا
رِيبَةً فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ إِلَّا أَن تَقَطَّعَ قُلُوبُهُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ
عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
Pronunciation
La yazalu bunyanuhumuallathee
banaw reebatan fee quloobihim illa an taqattaAAaquloobuhum wallahu AAaleemun
hakeem
Translation
Their building which they built
will not cease to be a [cause of] skepticism in their hearts until their hearts
are stopped. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The buildings which they have
built will never cease to be a misgiving, a point of doubt, in their hearts
unless their hearts are cut, torn, to pieces, such that they die; and God is
Knower, of His creatures, Wise, in what He does with them.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ اشْتَرَىٰ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
أَنفُسَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُم بِأَنَّ لَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ ۚ يُقَاتِلُونَ
فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَيَقْتُلُونَ وَيُقْتَلُونَ ۖ وَعْدًا
عَلَيْهِ حَقًّا فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنجِيلِ وَالْقُرْآنِ ۚ وَمَنْ أَوْفَىٰ
بِعَهْدِهِ مِنَ اللَّهِ ۚ فَاسْتَبْشِرُوا
بِبَيْعِكُمُ الَّذِي بَايَعْتُم بِهِ ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ هُوَ
الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ
Pronunciation
Inna Allaha ishtara
minaalmu/mineena anfusahum waamwalahum bi-anna lahumualjannata yuqatiloona fee
sabeeli Allahifayaqtuloona wayuqtaloona waAAdan AAalayhi haqqan fee
attawratiwal-injeeli walqur-ani waman awfabiAAahdihi mina Allahi fastabshiroo
bibayAAikumuallathee bayaAAtum bihi wathalika huwaalfawzu alAAatheem
Translation
Indeed, Allah has purchased from
the believers their lives and their properties [in exchange] for that they will
have Paradise. They fight in the cause of Allah , so they kill and are killed.
[It is] a true promise [binding] upon Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the
Qur'an. And who is truer to his covenant than Allah ? So rejoice in your
transaction which you have contracted. And it is that which is the great
attainment.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Indeed God has purchased from the
believers their lives and their possessions, that they expend it in obedience
of Him — for example by striving in His way — so that theirs will be [the
reward of] Paradise: they shall fight in the way of God and they shall kill and
be killed (this sentence is independent and constitutes an explication of the
[above-mentioned] ‘purchase’; a variant reading has the passive verb come first
[sc. fa-yuqtalūna wa-yaqtulūn, ‘they shall be killed and shall kill’], meaning
that some of them are killed while those who remain, fight on); that is a
promise which is binding (both [wa‘dan, ‘promise’, and haqqan, ‘binding’] are
verbal nouns, and are in the accusative on account of their omitted [implicit]
verbs) upon Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur’ān; and who fulfils his
covenant better than God?, that is, no one is better in fulfilling it. Rejoice
then (there is a shift from the third [to second] person here) in this bargain
of yours which you have made, for that, bargain, is the supreme triumph, the
one that secures the ultimate goal.
التَّائِبُونَ الْعَابِدُونَ الْحَامِدُونَ
السَّائِحُونَ الرَّاكِعُونَ السَّاجِدُونَ الْآمِرُونَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ
وَالنَّاهُونَ عَنِ الْمُنكَرِ وَالْحَافِظُونَ لِحُدُودِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ
الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Pronunciation
Atta-iboona alAAabidoonaalhamidoona
assa-ihoona arrakiAAoonaassajidoona al-amiroona bilmaAAroofiwannahoona AAani
almunkari walhafithoonalihudoodi Allahi wabashshiri almu/mineen
Translation
[Such believers are] the
repentant, the worshippers, the praisers [of Allah ], the travelers [for His
cause], those who bow and prostrate [in prayer], those who enjoin what is right
and forbid what is wrong, and those who observe the limits [set by] Allah . And
give good tidings to the believers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Those who repent (al-tā’ibūna is
in the nominative as a laudative, the subject being implicit), from idolatry
and hypocrisy, those who worship, who devote their worship sincerely to God,
those who give praise, to Him in every state, those who fast, those who bow,
those who prostrate themselves, that is, those who perform prayers, those who
enjoin decency and forbid to indecency, those who maintain God’s bounds, His
rulings, by implementing them, and give good tidings to the believers, of
Paradise.
مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَن
يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا أُولِي قُرْبَىٰ مِن بَعْدِ مَا
تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ
Pronunciation
Ma kana linnabiyyi wallatheenaamanoo
an yastaghfiroo lilmushrikeena walaw kanooolee qurba min baAAdi ma tabayyana
lahum annahum as-habualjaheem
Translation
It is not for the Prophet and
those who have believed to ask forgiveness for the polytheists, even if they
were relatives, after it has become clear to them that they are companions of
Hellfire.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The following was revealed
regarding the Prophet (s) asking forgiveness for his uncle Abū Tālib, and some
of the Companions asking forgiveness for their idolatrous parents: It is not
for the Prophet, and those who believe, to ask forgiveness for the idolaters,
even though they be kinsmen, relatives, after it has become clear to them that
they are inhabitants of the Hell-fire, for having died as disbelievers.
وَمَا كَانَ اسْتِغْفَارُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
لِأَبِيهِ إِلَّا عَن مَّوْعِدَةٍ وَعَدَهَا إِيَّاهُ فَلَمَّا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ
أَنَّهُ عَدُوٌّ لِّلَّهِ تَبَرَّأَ مِنْهُ ۚ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
لَأَوَّاهٌ حَلِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Wama kana istighfaruibraheema
li-abeehi illa AAan mawAAidatin waAAadahaiyyahu falamma tabayyana lahu annahu
AAaduwwun lillahitabarraa minhu inna ibraheema laawwahun haleem
Translation
And the request of forgiveness of
Abraham for his father was only because of a promise he had made to him. But
when it became apparent to Abraham that his father was an enemy to Allah , he
disassociated himself from him. Indeed was Abraham compassionate and patient.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Abraham’s prayer for the
forgiveness of his father was only because of a promise he had made to him,
when he said to him, I will ask my Lord forgiveness for you [Q. 19:47], in the
hope that he would submit [to God]; but when it became clear to him that he was
an enemy of God, upon his death as an disbeliever, he declared himself innocent
of him, and refrained from asking forgiveness for him; truly Abraham was soft
of heart, making frequent entreaty and supplication [to God], forbearing,
enduring harm patiently.
وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِلَّ قَوْمًا بَعْدَ
إِذْ هَدَاهُمْ حَتَّىٰ يُبَيِّنَ لَهُم مَّا يَتَّقُونَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Wama kana Allahu liyudillaqawman
baAAda ith hadahum hattayubayyina lahum ma yattaqoona inna Allaha
bikullishay-in AAaleem
Translation
And Allah would not let a people
stray after He has guided them until He makes clear to them what they should
avoid. Indeed, Allah is Knowing of all things.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And God would never send a people
astray after He had guided them, to Islam, until He had made clear to them that
which they should be wary of, in the way of deeds, but when they are not wary
of it, then they deserve to be sent astray. Surely God is Knower of all things,
including who deserves to be sent astray, or to be guided.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ
ۖ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ ۚ وَمَا لَكُم
مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ مِن وَلِيٍّ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ
Pronunciation
Inna Allaha lahu mulku
assamawatiwal-ardi yuhyee wayumeetu wama lakummin dooni Allahi min waliyyin
wala naseer
Translation
Indeed, to Allah belongs the dominion
of the heavens and the earth; He gives life and causes death. And you have not
besides Allah any protector or any helper.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Surely to God belongs the kingdom
of the heavens and of the earth. He gives life and He makes to die; and you do
not have, O mankind, besides God, that is, other than Him, any protector, to
preserve you from Him, or helper, to defend you against His hurt.
لَّقَد تَّابَ اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ
وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنصَارِ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُ فِي سَاعَةِ الْعُسْرَةِ
مِن بَعْدِ مَا كَادَ يَزِيغُ قُلُوبُ فَرِيقٍ مِّنْهُمْ ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ إِنَّهُ بِهِمْ
رَءُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Laqad taba Allahu AAalaannabiyyi walmuhajireena
wal-ansariallatheena ittabaAAoohu fee saAAati alAAusrati minbaAAdi ma kada
yazeeghu quloobu fareeqin minhumthumma taba AAalayhim innahu bihim raoofun
raheem
Translation
Allah has already forgiven the
Prophet and the Muhajireen and the Ansar who followed him in the hour of
difficulty after the hearts of a party of them had almost inclined [to doubt],
and then He forgave them. Indeed, He was to them Kind and Merciful.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
God has truly relented, that is,
He has [truly] perpetuated His relenting, to the Prophet and the Emigrants and
the Helpers who followed him in the hour of hardship, that is, during the time
of this [hardship], which was their predicament during the raid at Tabūk, where
two men would share a single date, ten men would take turns on one camel, and
where the heat became so intense that they resorted to drinking filth; after
the hearts of a party of them had almost deviated (read either as tazīghu or
yazīghu), [had almost] inclined away from following him, in favour of staying
behind due to the hardship that afflicted them, then He relented to them, by
making them steadfast. Truly He is Gentle, Merciful to them.
وَعَلَى الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ خُلِّفُوا
حَتَّىٰ إِذَا ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ وَضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ
أَنفُسُهُمْ وَظَنُّوا أَن لَّا مَلْجَأَ مِنَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ
تَابَ عَلَيْهِمْ لِيَتُوبُوا ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ
Pronunciation
WaAAala aththalathatiallatheena
khullifoo hatta itha daqatAAalayhimu al-ardu bima rahubat wadaqatAAalayhim
anfusuhum wathannoo an la maljaamina Allahi illa ilayhi thumma tabaAAalayhim
liyatooboo inna Allaha huwa attawwabuarraheem
Translation
And [He also forgave] the three
who were left behind [and regretted their error] to the point that the earth
closed in on them in spite of its vastness and their souls confined them and
they were certain that there is no refuge from Allah except in Him. Then He
turned to them so they could repent. Indeed, Allah is the Accepting of
repentance, the Merciful.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And, He relented, to the three who
were left behind, [formerly denied] His relenting to them, for the same reason
[as those mentioned above], when the earth was straitened for them, for all its
breadth, that is, despite its vastness, so they could find no place wherein to
feel secure, and their souls, that is, their hearts, were straitened for them,
because of the anxiety and their [sense of] alienation resulting from the delay
of God’s relenting to them [with mercy], such that they [their souls] could not
find happiness or solace; until they thought, they were certain, that (read the
softened an) there is no refuge from God except in Him. Then He turned
[relenting] to them, He made them successful in finding repentance, that they
might also turn [in repentance]. Truly God is the Relenting, the Merciful.
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا
اللَّهَ وَكُونُوا مَعَ الصَّادِقِينَ
Pronunciation
Ya ayyuha allatheena amanooittaqoo
Allaha wakoonoo maAAa assadiqeen
Translation
O you who have believed, fear
Allah and be with those who are true.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
O you who believe, fear God, by
refraining from [acts of] disobedience to Him, and be with those who are
truthful, in [their] faith and covenants, by adhering to sincerity.
مَا كَانَ لِأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَمَنْ
حَوْلَهُم مِّنَ الْأَعْرَابِ أَن يَتَخَلَّفُوا عَن رَّسُولِ اللَّهِ وَلَا
يَرْغَبُوا بِأَنفُسِهِمْ عَن نَّفْسِهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ
بِأَنَّهُمْ لَا يُصِيبُهُمْ ظَمَأٌ وَلَا نَصَبٌ وَلَا مَخْمَصَةٌ فِي سَبِيلِ
اللَّهِ وَلَا يَطَئُونَ مَوْطِئًا يَغِيظُ الْكُفَّارَ وَلَا يَنَالُونَ مِنْ
عَدُوٍّ نَّيْلًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُم بِهِ عَمَلٌ صَالِحٌ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ
لَا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ
Pronunciation
Ma kana li-ahli almadeenatiwaman
hawlahum mina al-aAArabi an yatakhallafooAAan rasooli Allahi wala yarghaboo
bi-anfusihimAAan nafsihi thalika bi-annahum la yuseebuhumthamaon wala nasabun
walamakhmasatun fee sabeeli Allahi wala yataoonamawti-an yagheethu alkuffara
walayanaloona min AAaduwwin naylan illa kutiba lahumbihi AAamalun salihun inna
Allaha layudeeAAu ajra almuhsineen
Translation
It was not [proper] for the people
of Madinah and those surrounding them of the bedouins that they remain behind
after [the departure of] the Messenger of Allah or that they prefer themselves
over his self. That is because they are not afflicted by thirst or fatigue or
hunger in the cause of Allah , nor do they tread on any ground that enrages the
disbelievers, nor do they inflict upon an enemy any infliction but that is
registered for them as a righteous deed. Indeed, Allah does not allow to be
lost the reward of the doers of good.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
It is not for the people of Medina
and for the Bedouins [who dwell] around them to stay behind God’s Messenger,
when he sets out on a campaign, and to prefer their lives to his life, by
guarding them against hardships which he [the Prophet] is content [to suffer]
himself (this statement is a prohibition expressed as a predicate); that,
prohibition against staying behind, is because neither thirst nor toil nor
hunger afflicts them in the way of God, nor tread they any tread (mawti’an is a
verbal noun, meaning wat’an) that enrages the disbelievers, nor gain any gain
from the enemy, of God, be it through slaughter, capture or plunder, but a
righteous deed is therefore recorded for them, that they may be rewarded for
it. Truly God does not leave the wage of the virtuous to go to waste, that is,
the wage of those [mentioned], rather He rewards them.
وَلَا يُنفِقُونَ نَفَقَةً صَغِيرَةً وَلَا
كَبِيرَةً وَلَا يَقْطَعُونَ وَادِيًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُمْ لِيَجْزِيَهُمُ
اللَّهُ أَحْسَنَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ
Pronunciation
Wala yunfiqoona nafaqatan
sagheeratanwala kabeeratan wala yaqtaAAoona wadiyanilla kutiba lahum
liyajziyahumu Allahu ahsanama kanoo yaAAmaloon
Translation
Nor do they spend an expenditure,
small or large, or cross a valley but that it is registered for them that Allah
may reward them for the best of what they were doing.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Nor expend they, therein [in the
way of God], any sum, small, even if it be a single date, or great, nor do they
cross a valley, during a [campaign] march, but it is recorded for them, as a
righteous deed, that God may reward them the best of what they used to do, that
is, the [due] reward thereof.
وَمَا كَانَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِيَنفِرُوا
كَافَّةً ۚ فَلَوْلَا نَفَرَ مِن كُلِّ فِرْقَةٍ مِّنْهُمْ
طَائِفَةٌ لِّيَتَفَقَّهُوا فِي الدِّينِ وَلِيُنذِرُوا قَوْمَهُمْ إِذَا رَجَعُوا
إِلَيْهِمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَحْذَرُونَ
Pronunciation
Wama kana almu/minoonaliyanfiroo
kaffatan falawla nafara min kullifirqatin minhum ta-ifatun liyatafaqqahoo fee
addeeniwaliyunthiroo qawmahum itha rajaAAoo ilayhimlaAAallahum yahtharoon
Translation
And it is not for the believers to
go forth [to battle] all at once. For there should separate from every division
of them a group [remaining] to obtain understanding in the religion and warn
their people when they return to them that they might be cautious.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
When the Prophet (s) was about to
dispatch a raiding party — after they [certain Muslims] had been reproached for
staying behind — all of them went forth, and so the following was revealed: It
is not for the believers to go forth, on a raid, altogether: why should not a
party, a group, of every section, of every tribe, of them go forth, while the
others remain behind, so that they, those who remain behind, may become learned
in religion and that they may warn their folk when they return to them, from
the raid, by teaching them some of the rulings which they have come to learn,
so that they may beware? of God’s punishment, by adhering to His commands and prohibitions.
Ibn ‘Abbās said that this [verse] is specifically [intended] for raiding
parties, while the previous one is [specifically] to prohibit any individual
staying behind when the Prophet (s) sets out [on a campaign].
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا قَاتِلُوا
الَّذِينَ يَلُونَكُم مِّنَ الْكُفَّارِ وَلْيَجِدُوا فِيكُمْ غِلْظَةً ۚ وَاعْلَمُوا
أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْمُتَّقِينَ
Pronunciation
Ya ayyuha allatheena amanooqatiloo
allatheena yaloonakum mina alkuffariwalyajidoo feekum ghilthatan waAAlamoo
annaAllaha maAAa almuttaqeen
Translation
O you who have believed, fight
those adjacent to you of the disbelievers and let them find in you harshness.
And know that Allah is with the righteous.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
O you who believe, fight those of
the disbelievers who are near to you, that is, the nearest, followed by the
next nearest of them, and let them find harshness in you, that is, severity, in
other words, be harsh with them, and know that God is with the pious, helping
and granting [them] victory.
وَإِذَا مَا أُنزِلَتْ سُورَةٌ فَمِنْهُم مَّن
يَقُولُ أَيُّكُمْ زَادَتْهُ هَٰذِهِ إِيمَانًا ۚ فَأَمَّا
الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَزَادَتْهُمْ إِيمَانًا وَهُمْ يَسْتَبْشِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Wa-itha ma onzilat
sooratunfaminhum man yaqoolu ayyukum zadat-hu hathihi eemananfaamma allatheena
amanoo fazadat-humeemanan wahum yastabshiroon
Translation
And whenever a surah is revealed,
there are among the hypocrites those who say, "Which of you has this
increased faith?" As for those who believed, it has increased them in
faith, while they are rejoicing.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And whenever a sūra, of the Qur’ān,
is revealed, there are some of them, that is, the hypocrites, who say, to their
companions, mockingly: ‘Which of you has this increased in faith?’, and God
says: As for those who believe, it has increased them in faith, because they
accept that it is true, and they rejoice, because of it.
وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ
فَزَادَتْهُمْ رِجْسًا إِلَىٰ رِجْسِهِمْ وَمَاتُوا وَهُمْ كَافِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Waamma allatheena feequloobihim
maradun fazadat-hum rijsan ilarijsihim wamatoo wahum kafiroon
Translation
But as for those in whose hearts
is disease, it has [only] increased them in evil [in addition] to their evil.
And they will have died while they are disbelievers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But as for those in whose hearts
is sickness, a weakness of faith, it only adds abomination to their
abomination, that is, [it only adds] disbelief to their disbelief, since they
disbelieve in it, and they die while they were disbelievers.
أَوَلَا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُمْ يُفْتَنُونَ فِي
كُلِّ عَامٍ مَّرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ لَا يَتُوبُونَ وَلَا هُمْ
يَذَّكَّرُونَ
Pronunciation
Awa la yarawna annahum
yuftanoonafee kulli AAamin marratan aw marratayni thumma layatooboona wala hum
yaththakkaroon
Translation
Do they not see that they are
tried every year once or twice but then they do not repent nor do they
remember?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Do they not see, that is, the
hypocrites ([in which case] read a-wa-lā yarawna; or if read a-wa-lā tarawna,
‘do you, O believers, not see’) that they are tested, afflicted, every year
once or twice?, with drought and diseases. Still they do not repent, of their hypocrisy,
nor do they remember, [nor] do they heed admonition.
وَإِذَا مَا أُنزِلَتْ سُورَةٌ نَّظَرَ
بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَىٰ بَعْضٍ هَلْ يَرَاكُم مِّنْ أَحَدٍ ثُمَّ انصَرَفُوا ۚ صَرَفَ اللَّهُ
قُلُوبَهُم بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا يَفْقَهُونَ
Pronunciation
Wa-itha ma onzilat sooratunnathara
baAAduhum ila baAAdinhal yarakum min ahadin thumma insarafoo sarafaAllahu
quloobahum bi-annahum qawmun la yafqahoon
Translation
And whenever a surah is revealed,
they look at each other, [saying], "Does anyone see you?" and then
they dismiss themselves. Allah has dismissed their hearts because they are a
people who do not understand.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And whenever a sūra is revealed,
wherein is mention of them, and the Prophet (s) recites it, they look at one
another, desiring to flee, and saying: ‘Will anyone see you?’, if you get up
[and flee]?, and so if no one can see them they get up [and leave], otherwise
they stay put. Then they turn away, persisting in their disbelief. God turns
their hearts away, from guidance, because they are a folk who do not
understand, the truth, for they do not reflect [on it].
لَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ مِّنْ أَنفُسِكُمْ
عَزِيزٌ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَنِتُّمْ حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْكُم بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَءُوفٌ
رَّحِيمٌ
Pronunciation
Laqad jaakum rasoolun min
anfusikumAAazeezun AAalayhi ma AAanittum hareesunAAalaykum bilmu/mineena
raoofun raheem
Translation
There has certainly come to you a
Messenger from among yourselves. Grievous to him is what you suffer; [he is]
concerned over you and to the believers is kind and merciful.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Verily there has come to you a
messenger from among yourselves, that is, one of you — Muhammad (s) — for whom
it is grievous, hard, that you should suffer, that is, your suffering, your
experiencing hardship and encountering harm [is hard on him]; who is full of
concern for you, that you should be rightly guided; to the believers full of
pity, profoundly compassionate, merciful, desiring good for them.
فَإِن تَوَلَّوْا فَقُلْ حَسْبِيَ اللَّهُ لَا
إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ ۖ وَهُوَ رَبُّ
الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ
Pronunciation
Fa-in tawallaw faqul hasbiya
Allahula ilaha illa huwa AAalayhi tawakkaltuwahuwa rabbu alAAarshi alAAatheem
Translation
But if they turn away, [O
Muhammad], say, "Sufficient for me is Allah ; there is no deity except
Him. On Him I have relied, and He is the Lord of the Great Throne."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So if they turn away, [refraining]
from believing in you, say: ‘God suffices me. There is no god except Him. Upon
Him I rely, in Him have I put my trust, and in none other, and He is the Lord
of the Tremendous Throne’ (al-‘arsh al-azīm), the kursī, which is singled out
for mention because it is the greatest of all things created. Al-Hākim reported
in al-Mustadrak [by way of an isnād] from Ubayy b. Ka‘b that he [Ubayy] said:
‘The last verse to be revealed was [from], Verily there has come to you a
messenger… to the end of the sūra’ [sc. Q. 9:128-129].
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