Surat
Al-'Anbyā' (The Prophets) - سورة الأنبياء
[In
the Name of ALLAH, the ENTIRELY MERCIFUL, the ESPECIALLY MERCIFUL]
21:1
اقْتَرَبَ
لِلنَّاسِ حِسَابُهُمْ وَهُمْ فِي غَفْلَةٍ مُّعْرِضُونَ
Pronunciation
Iqtaraba
linnasi hisabuhumwahum fee ghaflatin muAAridoon
Translation
[The
time of] their account has approached for the people, while they are in
heedlessness turning away.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Nigh
has drawn for mankind, the people of Mecca, the deniers of the Resurrection,
their reckoning, [on] the Day of Resurrection, yet they are heedless, of it,
disregardful, of the preparation [required] for it by way of [embracing] faith.
مَا يَأْتِيهِم
مِّن ذِكْرٍ مِّن رَّبِّهِم مُّحْدَثٍ إِلَّا اسْتَمَعُوهُ وَهُمْ يَلْعَبُونَ
Pronunciation
Ma
ya/teehim min thikrin minrabbihim muhdathin illa istamaAAoohu wahumyalAAaboon
Translation
No
mention comes to them anew from their Lord except that they listen to it while
they are at play
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
There
does not come to them any new reminder from their Lord, [revealed] gradually,
in other words, [new] words of the Qur’ān, but they listen to it as they play,
[as they] engage in mockery,
لَاهِيَةً
قُلُوبُهُمْ ۗ وَأَسَرُّوا النَّجْوَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا
هَلْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُكُمْ ۖ أَفَتَأْتُونَ
السِّحْرَ وَأَنتُمْ تُبْصِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Lahiyatan
quloobuhum waasarroo annajwaallatheena thalamoo hal hatha illabasharun
mithlukum afata/toona assihra waantum tubsiroon
Translation
With
their hearts distracted. And those who do wrong conceal their private
conversation, [saying], "Is this [Prophet] except a human being like you?
So would you approach magic while you are aware [of it]?"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
with
their hearts preoccupied, heedless of its meanings. And they are secret in
[their] conference, [their] speech, [they] the evildoers (alladhīna zalamū, a
substitution for the [third person plural indicator] wāw of wa-asarrū’l-najwā,
‘and they are secret in conference’) ‘Is this, namely, Muhammad (s), other than
a [mortal] human being like yourselves?, and so what he produces is [mere]
sorcery. Will you then take [to] sorcery, [will] you [succumb and] follow it,
even though you are able to see?’, [even though] you know that it is sorcery?
قَالَ رَبِّي
يَعْلَمُ الْقَوْلَ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۖ وَهُوَ
السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
Pronunciation
Qala
rabbee yaAAlamu alqawla fee assama-iwal-ardi wahuwa assameeAAu alAAaleem
Translation
The
Prophet said, "My Lord knows whatever is said throughout the heaven and
earth, and He is the Hearing, the Knowing."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, to them, ‘My Lord knows the words, that are [spoken], in the heavens and
the earth, and He is the Hearer, of what they keep secret, the Knower’, of it.
بَلْ قَالُوا
أَضْغَاثُ أَحْلَامٍ بَلِ افْتَرَاهُ بَلْ هُوَ شَاعِرٌ فَلْيَأْتِنَا بِآيَةٍ
كَمَا أُرْسِلَ الْأَوَّلُونَ
Pronunciation
Bal
qaloo adghathu ahlaminbali iftarahu bal huwa shaAAirun falya/tinabi-ayatin kama
orsila al-awwaloon
Translation
But
they say, "[The revelation is but] a mixture of false dreams; rather, he
has invented it; rather, he is a poet. So let him bring us a sign just as the
previous [messengers] were sent [with miracles]."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Nay
(bal, in the three instances [below] effects a transition from one subject to
another) but they say, regarding those parts of the Qur’ān he [the Prophet] has
brought [to them] are: ‘A muddle of nightmares, a confusion [of things] he has
seen in [his] sleep. Nay, he has fabricated it, he has invented it; nay, he is
a poet, and what he has brought is [merely] poetry! So let him bring us a sign,
such as was sent to the ancients’, like the she-camel [Sālih], the staff and
the [glowing] hand [of Moses]. God, exalted be He, says:
مَا آمَنَتْ
قَبْلَهُم مِّن قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَاهَا ۖ أَفَهُمْ
يُؤْمِنُونَ
Pronunciation
Ma
amanat qablahum min qaryatinahlaknaha afahum yu/minoon
Translation
Not
a [single] city which We destroyed believed before them, so will they believe?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
No
town before them ever believed — meaning [none of] its inhabitants — of those
that We destroyed, for the denial of the signs brought to them. Would they then
believe? No.
وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا
قَبْلَكَ إِلَّا رِجَالًا نُّوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ ۖ فَاسْأَلُوا
أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ
Pronunciation
Wama
arsalna qablaka illarijalan noohee ilayhim fas-aloo ahla aththikriin kuntum la
taAAlamoon
Translation
And
We sent not before you, [O Muhammad], except men to whom We revealed [the
message], so ask the people of the message if you do not know.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We sent none before you other than men to whom We revealed (read nūhī or yūhā,
‘[to whom] it is revealed’) and [We sent] not any angels. Ask the People of the
Remembrance, those with knowledge of the Torah and the Gospel, if you do not
know, this; for they will know it. Since you are more likely to believe them
than the believers are to believing Muhammad (s).
وَمَا
جَعَلْنَاهُمْ جَسَدًا لَّا يَأْكُلُونَ الطَّعَامَ وَمَا كَانُوا خَالِدِينَ
Pronunciation
Wama
jaAAalnahum jasadan laya/kuloona attaAAama wama kanookhalideen
Translation
And
We did not make the prophets forms not eating food, nor were they immortal [on
earth].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We did not make them, namely, the messengers, bodies that did not eat food,
nay, they eat it; and they were not immortal, in this world.
ثُمَّ
صَدَقْنَاهُمُ الْوَعْدَ فَأَنجَيْنَاهُمْ وَمَن نَّشَاءُ وَأَهْلَكْنَا
الْمُسْرِفِينَ
Pronunciation
Thumma
sadaqnahumu alwaAAdafaanjaynahum waman nashao waahlaknaalmusrifeen
Translation
Then
We fulfilled for them the promise, and We saved them and whom We willed and
destroyed the transgressors.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Then
We fulfilled to them the promise, to deliver them. So We delivered them and
whomever We would, [of] those who believed in them, and We destroyed the
prodigal, those who denied them.
لَقَدْ
أَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ كِتَابًا فِيهِ ذِكْرُكُمْ ۖ أَفَلَا
تَعْقِلُونَ
Pronunciation
Laqad
anzalna ilaykum kitabanfeehi thikrukum afala taAAqiloon
Translation
We
have certainly sent down to you a Book in which is your mention. Then will you
not reason?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Now
We have sent down [as revelation] to you, O clan of Quraysh, a Book in which
there is the remembrance that is yours, for it is in your language. Will you
not understand?, and so believe in it?
وَكَمْ قَصَمْنَا
مِن قَرْيَةٍ كَانَتْ ظَالِمَةً وَأَنشَأْنَا بَعْدَهَا قَوْمًا آخَرِينَ
Pronunciation
Wakam
qasamna min qaryatin kanatthalimatan waansha/na baAAdahaqawman akhareen
Translation
And
how many a city which was unjust have We shattered and produced after it
another people.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
how many did We destroy of towns — meaning its inhabitants — that had been
wrongdoing, disbelieving, and brought forth another people after it!
فَلَمَّا أَحَسُّوا
بَأْسَنَا إِذَا هُم مِّنْهَا يَرْكُضُونَ
Pronunciation
Falamma
ahassoo ba/sanaitha hum minha yarkudoon
Translation
And
when its inhabitants perceived Our punishment, at once they fled from it.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
when they felt Our might, [when] the inhabitants of the town sensed destruction
[to be near], behold, they ran away from it, they flee hastily [therefrom].
لَا تَرْكُضُوا
وَارْجِعُوا إِلَىٰ مَا أُتْرِفْتُمْ فِيهِ وَمَسَاكِنِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ
تُسْأَلُونَ
Pronunciation
La
tarkudoo warjiAAooila ma otriftum feehi wamasakinikumlaAAallakum tus-aloon
Translation
[Some
angels said], "Do not flee but return to where you were given luxury and
to your homes - perhaps you will be questioned."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But
the angels said to them scornfully: ‘Do not run [away]! Return to the opulence,
the comforts, which you were given to enjoy and your dwelling-places, that
perhaps you might be asked’, for something of your worldly possessions as
usual.
قَالُوا يَا
وَيْلَنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا ظَالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
ya waylana innakunna thalimeen
Translation
They
said, "O woe to us! Indeed, we were wrongdoers."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
said, ‘O (yā is for calling attention [to something]) woe to us!, [this is] our
destruction! We have indeed been doing wrong’, through [our] disbelief.
فَمَا زَالَت
تِّلْكَ دَعْوَاهُمْ حَتَّىٰ جَعَلْنَاهُمْ حَصِيدًا خَامِدِينَ
Pronunciation
Fama
zalat tilka daAAwahumhatta jaAAalnahum haseedan khamideen
Translation
And
that declaration of theirs did not cease until We made them [as] a harvest
[mowed down], extinguished [like a fire].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
that, saying, remained their cry, which they would make and repeat, until We
made them as reaped [crops], as crops harvested with sickles when they were
killed with the sword, stilled, dead, like the stillness of fire when it is
extinguished.
وَمَا خَلَقْنَا
السَّمَاءَ وَالْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا لَاعِبِينَ
Pronunciation
Wama
khalaqna assamaawal-arda wama baynahuma laAAibeen
Translation
And
We did not create the heaven and earth and that between them in play.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We did not create the heaven and the earth and all that is between them,
playing, being frivolous, but to indicate Our power and to benefit Our
servants.
لَوْ أَرَدْنَا
أَن نَّتَّخِذَ لَهْوًا لَّاتَّخَذْنَاهُ مِن لَّدُنَّا إِن كُنَّا فَاعِلِينَ
Pronunciation
Law
aradna an nattakhithalahwan lattakhathnahu min ladunna inkunna faAAileen
Translation
Had
We intended to take a diversion, We could have taken it from [what is] with Us
- if [indeed] We were to do so.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Had
We desired to find some diversion, that which provides diversion, in the way of
a partner or a child, We would have found it with Ourselves, from among the
beautiful-eyed houris or angels, were We to do [so]. But We did not do so, thus
We never desired it.
بَلْ نَقْذِفُ
بِالْحَقِّ عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ فَيَدْمَغُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ زَاهِقٌ ۚ وَلَكُمُ
الْوَيْلُ مِمَّا تَصِفُونَ
Pronunciation
Bal
naqthifu bilhaqqiAAala albatili fayadmaghuhu fa-itha huwa zahiqunwalakumu
alwaylu mimma tasifoon
Translation
Rather,
We dash the truth upon falsehood, and it destroys it, and thereupon it departs.
And for you is destruction from that which you describe.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Nay,
but We hurl, We cast, the truth, faith, against falsehood, disbelief, and it
obliterates it, and behold, it vanishes, disappears (damaghahu, ‘it obliterates
it’, actually means ‘it struck the brain with a blow’, [a blow] which is
fatal). And for you, O disbelievers of Mecca, there shall be woe, severe
chastisement, for what you ascribe, to God, of mate or child.
وَلَهُ مَن فِي
السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ وَمَنْ عِندَهُ
لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَتِهِ وَلَا يَسْتَحْسِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Walahu
man fee assamawatiwal-ardi waman AAindahu la yastakbiroonaAAan AAibadatihi wala
yastahsiroon
Translation
To
Him belongs whoever is in the heavens and the earth. And those near Him are not
prevented by arrogance from His worship, nor do they tire.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
to Him, exalted be He, belongs whoever is in the heavens and the earth, as
possessions, and those who are near Him, namely, the angels (wa-man ‘indahu,
the subject, the predicate of which [is the following clause]) do not disdain
to worship Him, nor do they weary.
يُسَبِّحُونَ
اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ لَا يَفْتُرُونَ
Pronunciation
Yusabbihoona
allayla wannaharala yafturoon
Translation
They
exalt [Him] night and day [and] do not slacken.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
glorify [Him] night and day, and they do not falter, in it, for it comes to
them as [naturally as] breathing comes to us, [something] which we can never be
distracted from.
أَمِ اتَّخَذُوا
آلِهَةً مِّنَ الْأَرْضِ هُمْ يُنشِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Ami
ittakhathoo alihatan minaal-ardi hum yunshiroon
Translation
Or
have men taken for themselves gods from the earth who resurrect [the dead]?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Or
(am, functions with the meaning of bal, ‘nay’, to effect a transition [in
subject-matter]; the hamza is for [rhetorical] denial) have they chosen gods,
that are, from the earth, such as stones, gold or silver, who, that is, gods
[who], resurrect? who bring the dead back to life? No! Indeed only one who
brings the dead back to life can be God.
لَوْ كَانَ
فِيهِمَا آلِهَةٌ إِلَّا اللَّهُ لَفَسَدَتَا ۚ فَسُبْحَانَ
اللَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَرْشِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ
Pronunciation
Law
kana feehima alihatunilla Allahu lafasadata fasubhana Allahirabbi alAAarshi
AAamma yasifoon
Translation
Had
there been within the heavens and earth gods besides Allah , they both would
have been ruined. So exalted is Allah , Lord of the Throne, above what they
describe.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Had
there been in [either of] them, that is, [in] the heavens and the earth, gods
other than God, that is, other than Him, the two would have surely
deteriorated, they [the heavens and the earth] would have deviated from their
observed order, because counteractive forces would exist among such [gods], as
is usually the case, when there is more than one ruler, that there is
counteraction and a lack of consensus regarding something. So glory be to God —
an exaltation — the Lord, the Creator, of the Throne, al-kursī, above what they
ascribe, the disbelievers, to God, of His having a partner and otherwise.
لَا يُسْأَلُ
عَمَّا يَفْعَلُ وَهُمْ يُسْأَلُونَ
Pronunciation
La
yus-alu AAamma yafAAaluwahum yus-aloon
Translation
He
is not questioned about what He does, but they will be questioned.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
shall not be questioned about what He does, but they shall be questioned, about
their actions.
أَمِ اتَّخَذُوا
مِن دُونِهِ آلِهَةً ۖ قُلْ هَاتُوا بُرْهَانَكُمْ ۖ هَٰذَا ذِكْرُ
مَن مَّعِيَ وَذِكْرُ مَن قَبْلِي ۗ بَلْ
أَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ الْحَقَّ ۖ فَهُم
مُّعْرِضُونَ
Pronunciation
Ami
ittakhathoo min doonihi alihatanqul hatoo burhanakum hatha thikru manmaAAiya
wathikru man qablee bal aktharuhum layaAAlamoona alhaqqa fahum muAAridoon
Translation
Or
have they taken gods besides Him? Say, [O Muhammad], "Produce your proof.
This [Qur'an] is the message for those with me and the message of those before
me." But most of them do not know the truth, so they are turning away.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Or
have they chosen besides Him, exalted be He, other than Him, gods? (herein is
an interrogative meant as a rebuke). Say: ‘Bring your proof, for this — but
such a thing is impossible. This is the Remembrance of those with me, namely,
my community, and that [Remembrance] is the Qur’ān, and the Remembrance of
those before me, of communities, namely, the Torah and the Gospel and other
Books of God, not a single one of which contains the statement that with God
there exists another god, in the way that they claim — exalted be He above such
a thing. Nay, but most of them do not know the truth, the affirmation of God’s
Oneness, and so they are disregardful’, of that discernment that leads to
[knowledge of] it.
وَمَا
أَرْسَلْنَا مِن قَبْلِكَ مِن رَّسُولٍ إِلَّا نُوحِي إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لَا
إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاعْبُدُونِ
Pronunciation
Wama
arsalna min qablika minrasoolin illa noohee ilayhi annahu la ilahailla ana
faAAbudoon
Translation
And
We sent not before you any messenger except that We revealed to him that,
"There is no deity except Me, so worship Me."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We did not send any Messenger before you but We revealed to him (read nūhī or
yūhā, ‘[but] it was revealed to him’) that, ‘There is no god except Me, so
worship Me’, that is, affirm My Oneness.
وَقَالُوا
اتَّخَذَ الرَّحْمَٰنُ وَلَدًا ۗ سُبْحَانَهُ ۚ بَلْ عِبَادٌ
مُّكْرَمُونَ
Pronunciation
Waqaloo
ittakhatha arrahmanuwaladan subhanahu bal AAibadun mukramoon
Translation
And
they say, "The Most Merciful has taken a son." Exalted is He! Rather,
they are [but] honored servants.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they say, ‘The Compassionate One has taken a son’, from the angels. Glory be to
Him! Nay, but they are [merely] servants who are honoured, in His presence; for
[the very] servitude [of all creatures to Him] is inconsistent with [the
attribution of any of them as] progeny [of His].
لَا
يَسْبِقُونَهُ بِالْقَوْلِ وَهُم بِأَمْرِهِ يَعْمَلُونَ
Pronunciation
La
yasbiqoonahu bilqawliwahum bi-amrihi yaAAmaloon
Translation
They
cannot precede Him in word, and they act by His command.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
do not [venture to] speak before Him — they only speak after He has spoken, and
they act according to His command, that is, following [His issuing of] it.
يَعْلَمُ مَا
بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَمَا خَلْفَهُمْ وَلَا يَشْفَعُونَ إِلَّا لِمَنِ ارْتَضَىٰ
وَهُم مِّنْ خَشْيَتِهِ مُشْفِقُونَ
Pronunciation
YaAAlamu
ma bayna aydeehim wamakhalfahum wala yashfaAAoona illa limani irtadawahum min
khashyatihi mushfiqoon
Translation
He
knows what is [presently] before them and what will be after them, and they cannot
intercede except on behalf of one whom He approves. And they, from fear of Him,
are apprehensive.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
knows what is before them and what is behind them, that is, what they have done
and what they will do, and they do not intercede except for him with whom He is
satisfied, that he be interceded for, and they, for awe of Him, exalted be He,
are apprehensive, fearful.
وَمَن يَقُلْ
مِنْهُمْ إِنِّي إِلَٰهٌ مِّن دُونِهِ فَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِيهِ جَهَنَّمَ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ
نَجْزِي الظَّالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Waman
yaqul minhum innee ilahun mindoonihi fathalika najzeehi jahannama
kathalikanajzee aththalimeen
Translation
And
whoever of them should say, "Indeed, I am a god besides Him"- that
one We would recompense with Hell. Thus do We recompense the wrongdoers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
should any of them say, ‘I am a god besides Him’, that is, [besides] God, in
other words, [a god] other than Him — and this is Iblīs, who summoned [others]
to worship his soul and commanded that it be obeyed — such a one We will
requite with Hell. Thus, in the same way that We requite him, We requite
wrong-doers, idolaters.
أَوَلَمْ يَرَ
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ كَانَتَا رَتْقًا
فَفَتَقْنَاهُمَا ۖ وَجَعَلْنَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ حَيٍّ ۖ أَفَلَا
يُؤْمِنُونَ
Pronunciation
Awa
lam yara allatheenakafaroo anna assamawati wal-ardakanata ratqan fafataqnahuma
wajaAAalnamina alma-i kulla shay-in hayyin afalayu/minoon
Translation
Have
those who disbelieved not considered that the heavens and the earth were a
joined entity, and We separated them and made from water every living thing?
Then will they not believe?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Have
they not ([one may] read a-wa-lam or a-lam) realised, [have they not] come to
know, those who disbelieve, that the heavens and the earth were closed together
and then We parted them, We made seven heavens and seven earths — or [it is
meant] that the heaven was parted and began to rain, when it did not use to do
so, and that the earth was parted and began to produce plants, when it did not
use to do so; and We made, of water, [the water] that falls from the heaven and
that springs from the earth, every living thing?, in the way of plants and
otherwise: in other words, water is the cause of such [things] having life.
Will they not then believe?, by affirming My Oneness?
وَجَعَلْنَا فِي
الْأَرْضِ رَوَاسِيَ أَن تَمِيدَ بِهِمْ وَجَعَلْنَا فِيهَا فِجَاجًا سُبُلًا
لَّعَلَّهُمْ يَهْتَدُونَ
Pronunciation
WajaAAalna
fee al-ardi rawasiyaan tameeda bihim wajaAAalna feeha fijajansubulan
laAAallahum yahtadoon
Translation
And
We placed within the earth firmly set mountains, lest it should shift with
them, and We made therein [mountain] passes [as] roads that they might be
guided.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We set in the earth firm mountains lest it should shake with them, and We set
in them, [in] the firm mountains, ravines, as roads (subulan substitutes [for
fijājan, ‘ravines’, which are wide through-routes]), that perhaps they may be
guided, to their destinations during travel.
وَجَعَلْنَا
السَّمَاءَ سَقْفًا مَّحْفُوظًا ۖ وَهُمْ عَنْ
آيَاتِهَا مُعْرِضُونَ
Pronunciation
WajaAAalna
assamaasaqfan mahfoothan wahum AAan ayatihamuAAridoon
Translation
And
We made the sky a protected ceiling, but they, from its signs, are turning
away.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We made the heaven a roof, for the earth, [functioning] like the roof of a
house, preserved, from collapsing; and yet of the signs thereof, namely, [the
signs of this heaven such as] the sun, the moon and the stars, they are
disregardful, failing to reflect on them and thus realise that the Creator of
such [things] can have no partner.
وَهُوَ الَّذِي
خَلَقَ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ ۖ كُلٌّ فِي
فَلَكٍ يَسْبَحُونَ
Pronunciation
Wahuwa
allathee khalaqa allayla wannaharawashshamsa walqamara kullun fee falakin
yasbahoon
Translation
And
it is He who created the night and the day and the sun and the moon; all
[heavenly bodies] in an orbit are swimming.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
He it is Who created the night and the day, and the sun and the moon, each
(kullun, the nunation of this [particle] stands in place of the second noun [of
the genitive construction] that would have been al-shams, ‘the sun’, or
al-qamar, ‘the moon’, or their subsidiaries, namely, al-nujūm, ‘the stars’) in
an orbit, a circular [one] like a mill in the sky, swimming, moving with speed,
like a swimmer in water. In order to effect the analogy with the latter, the
plural person [of the verb employed] for rational beings is used.
وَمَا جَعَلْنَا
لِبَشَرٍ مِّن قَبْلِكَ الْخُلْدَ ۖ أَفَإِن مِّتَّ
فَهُمُ الْخَالِدُونَ
Pronunciation
Wama
jaAAalna libasharin minqablika alkhulda afa-in mitta fahumu alkhalidoon
Translation
And
We did not grant to any man before you eternity [on earth]; so if you die -
would they be eternal?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
When
the disbelievers said that Muhammad (s) would die, the following was revealed:
And We did not assign to any human being before you immortality, permanence [of
life] in this world. What, if you [are fated to] die, will they be immortal?,
in it? No! (The last sentence constitutes the [syntactical] locus of the
interrogative of denial).
كُلُّ نَفْسٍ
ذَائِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ ۗ وَنَبْلُوكُم بِالشَّرِّ وَالْخَيْرِ فِتْنَةً ۖ وَإِلَيْنَا
تُرْجَعُونَ
Pronunciation
Kullu
nafsin tha-iqatu almawtiwanablookum bishsharri walkhayri fitnatanwa-ilayna
turjaAAoon
Translation
Every
soul will taste death. And We test you with evil and with good as trial; and to
Us you will be returned.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Every
soul shall taste death, in this world, and We will try you, We will test you,
with ill and good, such as poverty and wealth, sickness and health, as an
ordeal (fitnatan, an object denoting reason, in other words, for the purpose of
seeing whether you will be patient and give thanks or not). And then unto Us
you shall be brought back, that We may requite you.
وَإِذَا رَآكَ
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِن يَتَّخِذُونَكَ إِلَّا هُزُوًا أَهَٰذَا الَّذِي يَذْكُرُ
آلِهَتَكُمْ وَهُم بِذِكْرِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ هُمْ كَافِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Wa-itha
raaka allatheenakafaroo in yattakhithoonaka illa huzuwan ahathaallathee yathkuru
alihatakum wahum bithikriarrahmani hum kafiroon
Translation
And
when those who disbelieve see you, [O Muhammad], they take you not except in
ridicule, [saying], "Is this the one who insults your gods?" And they
are, at the mention of the Most Merciful, disbelievers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
whenever the disbelievers see you, they only take you in derision, that is, as
one to be derided, saying: ‘Is this the one who mentions your gods?’, that is,
[the one who] derides them? And yet when it comes to the mention of the
Compassionate One, to them, they (hum, [repeated] for emphasis) are
disbelieving, of it, saying, ‘We do not know of any such [individual]’.
خُلِقَ
الْإِنسَانُ مِنْ عَجَلٍ ۚ سَأُرِيكُمْ
آيَاتِي فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُونِ
Pronunciation
Khuliqa
al-insanu min AAajalinsaoreekum ayatee fala tastaAAjiloon
Translation
Man
was created of haste. I will show you My signs, so do not impatiently urge Me.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
following was revealed regarding their demand that chastisement be hastened:
Man was created of haste, that is to say, because he is so hasty in his
affairs, it is as if he had been created out of it. Assuredly I shall show you
My signs, My promises of chastisement, so do not demand that I hasten, in
[sending] it. And so He [God] made them suffer death at [the battle of] Badr.
وَيَقُولُونَ
مَتَىٰ هَٰذَا الْوَعْدُ إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ
Pronunciation
Wayaqooloona
mata hathaalwaAAdu in kuntum sadiqeen
Translation
And
they say, "When is this promise, if you should be truthful?"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they say, ‘When will this promise, of resurrection, be [fulfilled], if you are
truthful?’, about it.
لَوْ يَعْلَمُ
الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا حِينَ لَا يَكُفُّونَ عَن وُجُوهِهِمُ النَّارَ وَلَا عَن
ظُهُورِهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يُنصَرُونَ
Pronunciation
Law
yaAAlamu allatheena kafaroo heenala yakuffoona AAan wujoohihimu annara walaAAan
thuhoorihim wala hum yunsaroon
Translation
If
those who disbelieved but knew the time when they will not avert the Fire from
their faces or from their backs and they will not be aided...
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
[God]
exalted be He, says: If those who disbelieved only knew of the time when they
shall not [be able to] ward off, repel, the Fire from their faces, nor from
their backs, nor shall they be helped, [nor] shall they be protected from it at
the Resurrection (the response to the [conditional particle] law, ‘if only’, is
[something along the lines of] ‘they would not have said that’).
بَلْ تَأْتِيهِم
بَغْتَةً فَتَبْهَتُهُمْ فَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ رَدَّهَا وَلَا هُمْ يُنظَرُونَ
Pronunciation
Bal
ta/teehim baghtatan fatabhatuhum falayastateeAAoona raddaha wala hum yuntharoon
Translation
Rather,
it will come to them unexpectedly and bewilder them, and they will not be able
to repel it, nor will they be reprieved.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Nay,
but it, the Resurrection, shall come upon them suddenly, dumbfounding them,
confusing them, and they shall not be able to ward it off, nor shall they be
granted any respite, [nor shall they] be given any [extra] time to make a
repentance or offer an excuse.
وَلَقَدِ
اسْتُهْزِئَ بِرُسُلٍ مِّن قَبْلِكَ فَحَاقَ بِالَّذِينَ سَخِرُوا مِنْهُم مَّا
كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ
Pronunciation
Walaqadi
istuhzi-a birusulin min qablika fahaqabillatheena sakhiroo minhum ma kanoobihi
yastahzi-oon
Translation
And
already were messengers ridiculed before you, but those who mocked them were
enveloped by what they used to ridicule.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
verily messengers before you were derided — herein is a statement to comfort
the Prophet (s) — but those who mocked them were encircled by, it was sent down
[against them], that which they used to deride, namely, chastisement — likewise
it shall befall those who have derided you.
قُلْ مَن
يَكْلَؤُكُم بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ مِنَ الرَّحْمَٰنِ ۗ بَلْ هُمْ عَن
ذِكْرِ رَبِّهِم مُّعْرِضُونَ
Pronunciation
Qul
man yaklaokum billayli wannaharimina arrahmani bal hum AAan thikrirabbihim
muAAridoon
Translation
Say,
"Who can protect you at night or by day from the Most Merciful?" But
they are, from the remembrance of their Lord, turning away.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say,
to them: ‘Who can guard you, preserve you, by night and day from the
Compassionate One?’, from His chastisement, if it should befall you? In other
words, no one can do such a thing. Those being addressed [here] do not fear
God’s chastisement because they deny [the truth of] it. Nay, but of the
Remembrance of their Lord, that is, the Qur’ān, they are disregardful, failing
to reflect on it.
أَمْ لَهُمْ
آلِهَةٌ تَمْنَعُهُم مِّن دُونِنَا ۚ لَا
يَسْتَطِيعُونَ نَصْرَ أَنفُسِهِمْ وَلَا هُم مِّنَّا يُصْحَبُونَ
Pronunciation
Am
lahum alihatun tamnaAAuhum mindoonina la yastateeAAoona nasraanfusihim wala hum
minna yushaboon
Translation
Or
do they have gods to defend them other than Us? They are unable [even] to help
themselves, nor can they be protected from Us.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Or
is it that they have (am, ‘or’, functions with the sense of a hamza used to
indicate denial, that is, [read it as] a-lahum, ‘do they have’) gods to defend
them, against that which might cause them harm, besides Us? In other words, do
they have anyone other than Us to defend them against such [things]? No! They,
namely, the gods, cannot help themselves, and so they will not [be able to]
help them; nor shall they, the disbelievers, be protected from Us, from Our
chastisement (one may say sahibaka’Llāhu, to mean ‘May God preserve and protect
you’).
بَلْ مَتَّعْنَا
هَٰؤُلَاءِ وَآبَاءَهُمْ حَتَّىٰ طَالَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعُمُرُ ۗ أَفَلَا
يَرَوْنَ أَنَّا نَأْتِي الْأَرْضَ نَنقُصُهَا مِنْ أَطْرَافِهَا ۚ أَفَهُمُ
الْغَالِبُونَ
Pronunciation
Bal
mattaAAna haola-iwaabaahum hatta talaAAalayhimu alAAumuru afala yarawna anna
na/teeal-arda nanqusuha min atrafihaafahumu alghaliboon
Translation
But,
[on the contrary], We have provided good things for these [disbelievers] and
their fathers until life was prolonged for them. Then do they not see that We
set upon the land, reducing it from its borders? So it is they who will
overcome?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Nay,
but We provided [comforts] for these and their fathers, in the way of the
graces which We bestowed on them, until life lasted long for them, so that they
were deluded by such [longevity]. Do they not see how We visit the land, [how]
We target their land, diminishing it at its edges?, by granting the Prophet
victory [through conquest]. Are they the ones who will prevail? No, it is
rather the Prophet and his Companions [who will do so].
قُلْ إِنَّمَا
أُنذِرُكُم بِالْوَحْيِ ۚ وَلَا يَسْمَعُ
الصُّمُّ الدُّعَاءَ إِذَا مَا يُنذَرُونَ
Pronunciation
Qul
innama onthirukum bilwahyiwala yasmaAAu assummu adduAAaaitha ma yuntharoon
Translation
Say,
"I only warn you by revelation." But the deaf do not hear the call
when they are warned.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say,
to them: ‘I warn you only by the Revelation’, [that comes] from God, and not by
my own prompting. But the deaf do not hear the call when (idhā, read
pronouncing both hamzas fully, or omitting the second [hamza] between it and
the yā’) they are warned. They are like those who are deaf, when they fail to
act in accordance with the warnings they hear.
وَلَئِن
مَّسَّتْهُمْ نَفْحَةٌ مِّنْ عَذَابِ رَبِّكَ لَيَقُولُنَّ يَا وَيْلَنَا إِنَّا
كُنَّا ظَالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Wala-in
massat-hum nafhatun min AAathabirabbika layaqoolunna ya waylana inna
kunnathalimeen
Translation
And
if [as much as] a whiff of the punishment of your Lord should touch them, they
would surely say, "O woe to us! Indeed, we have been wrongdoers."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
if a whiff, a slight instance, of your Lord’s chastisement were to touch them,
they would indeed say, ‘O (yā, used for drawing attention [to something]) woe
for us!, [O this is] our destruction! Truly we were doing evil’, in ascribing
partners to God and denying [the Mission of] Muhammad (s).
وَنَضَعُ
الْمَوَازِينَ الْقِسْطَ لِيَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلَا تُظْلَمُ نَفْسٌ شَيْئًا ۖ وَإِن كَانَ
مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةٍ مِّنْ خَرْدَلٍ أَتَيْنَا بِهَا ۗ وَكَفَىٰ بِنَا
حَاسِبِينَ
Pronunciation
WanadaAAu
almawazeena alqistaliyawmi alqiyamati fala tuthlamunafsun shay-an wa-in kana
mithqala habbatinmin khardalin atayna biha wakafa binahasibeen
Translation
And
We place the scales of justice for the Day of Resurrection, so no soul will be
treated unjustly at all. And if there is [even] the weight of a mustard seed,
We will bring it forth. And sufficient are We as accountant.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We shall set up the just balances, the equitable ones, for the Day of
Resurrection, that is, on it, and no soul shall be wronged in any way, neither
by deducting a good deed [from its record], nor by adding [to it] an evil one;
and even if it, the action, be the weight of a [single] mustard seed, We shall
produce it, with its full weight, and We suffice as reckoners, to count all
things.
وَلَقَدْ
آتَيْنَا مُوسَىٰ وَهَارُونَ الْفُرْقَانَ وَضِيَاءً وَذِكْرًا لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ
Pronunciation
Walaqad
atayna moosawaharoona alfurqana wadiyaan wathikranlilmuttaqeen
Translation
And
We had already given Moses and Aaron the criterion and a light and a reminder
for the righteous
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
verily We gave Moses and Aaron the Criterion, the Torah that discriminates
between truth and falsehood, and [between] what is lawful and unlawful, and an
illumination, by it, and remembrance, an admonition therein, for those who are
wary of God,
الَّذِينَ
يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَيْبِ وَهُم مِّنَ السَّاعَةِ مُشْفِقُونَ
Pronunciation
Allatheena
yakhshawna rabbahum bilghaybiwahum mina assaAAati mushfiqoon
Translation
Who
fear their Lord unseen, while they are of the Hour apprehensive.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
those
who fear their Lord in concealment, from people, that is, when they are in
seclusion from them, and who, on account of the Hour, that is, [on account of]
its terrors, are apprehensive, fearful.
وَهَٰذَا ذِكْرٌ
مُّبَارَكٌ أَنزَلْنَاهُ ۚ أَفَأَنتُمْ
لَهُ مُنكِرُونَ
Pronunciation
Wahatha
thikrun mubarakunanzalnahu afaantum lahu munkiroon
Translation
And
this [Qur'an] is a blessed message which We have sent down. Then are you with
it unacquainted?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
this, namely, the Qur’ān, is a blessed Remembrance which We have revealed. Will
you then deny it? (the interrogative here is intended as a rebuke).
وَلَقَدْ
آتَيْنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ رُشْدَهُ مِن قَبْلُ وَكُنَّا بِهِ عَالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Walaqad
atayna ibraheemarushdahu min qablu wakunna bihi AAalimeen
Translation
And
We had certainly given Abraham his sound judgement before, and We were of him
well-Knowing
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
verily We had given Abraham his rectitude before, that is, his [right] guidance
before he came of age — and We were Aware of him, in that he was deserving of
such [guidance],
إِذْ قَالَ
لِأَبِيهِ وَقَوْمِهِ مَا هَٰذِهِ التَّمَاثِيلُ الَّتِي أَنتُمْ لَهَا عَاكِفُونَ
Pronunciation
Ith
qala li-abeehi waqawmihi mahathihi attamatheelu allatee antum lahaAAakifoon
Translation
When
he said to his father and his people, "What are these statues to which you
are devoted?"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
when
he said to his father and his people, ‘What are these images, [these] idols, to
which you [constantly] cleave?’, that is, which you are constantly worshipping.
قَالُوا
وَجَدْنَا آبَاءَنَا لَهَا عَابِدِينَ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
wajadna abaanalaha AAabideen
Translation
They
said, "We found our fathers worshippers of them."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
said, ‘We found our fathers worshipping them’, and so we followed their
example.
قَالَ لَقَدْ
كُنتُمْ أَنتُمْ وَآبَاؤُكُمْ فِي ضَلَالٍ مُّبِينٍ
Pronunciation
Qala
laqad kuntum antum waabaokumfee dalalin mubeen
Translation
He
said, "You were certainly, you and your fathers, in manifest error."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, to them, ‘Truly you and your fathers, by worshipping them, have been in
manifest error’.
قَالُوا
أَجِئْتَنَا بِالْحَقِّ أَمْ أَنتَ مِنَ اللَّاعِبِينَ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
aji/tana bilhaqqiam anta mina allaAAibeen
Translation
They
said, "Have you come to us with truth, or are you of those who jest?"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
said, ‘Do you bring us the truth, in that which you are saying, or are you
being frivolous?’, in this regard.
قَالَ بَل
رَّبُّكُمْ رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ الَّذِي فَطَرَهُنَّ وَأَنَا عَلَىٰ
ذَٰلِكُم مِّنَ الشَّاهِدِينَ
Pronunciation
Qala
bal rabbukum rabbu assamawatiwal-ardi allathee fatarahunna waanaAAala thalikum
mina ashshahideen
Translation
He
said, "[No], rather, your Lord is the Lord of the heavens and the earth
who created them, and I, to that, am of those who testify.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘Nay, but your Lord, the [only] One worthy of being worshipped, is the
Lord, the Owner, of the heavens and the earth, [the One] Who originated them,
[Who] created them without any precedent, and to that, which I have said, I am
a witness.
وَتَاللَّهِ
لَأَكِيدَنَّ أَصْنَامَكُم بَعْدَ أَن تُوَلُّوا مُدْبِرِينَ
Pronunciation
Watallahi
laakeedanna asnamakumbaAAda an tuwalloo mudbireen
Translation
And
[I swear] by Allah, I will surely plan against your idols after you have turned
and gone away."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
by God, I shall devise [a stratagem] against your idols after you have gone
away, with your backs turned’.
فَجَعَلَهُمْ
جُذَاذًا إِلَّا كَبِيرًا لَّهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ إِلَيْهِ يَرْجِعُونَ
Pronunciation
FajaAAalahum
juthathan illakabeeran lahum laAAallahum ilayhi yarjiAAoon
Translation
So
he made them into fragments, except a large one among them, that they might
return to it [and question].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
so, after they had set off to a gathering of theirs on one of their festival
days, he reduced them to fragments (read judhādhan or jidhādhan, meaning
‘pieces’), [smashing them] with a hatchet, [all] except the principal one among
them, around whose neck he hung the hatchet, that they might return to it, that
is, to the principal one, and see what he had done to the others.
قَالُوا مَن
فَعَلَ هَٰذَا بِآلِهَتِنَا إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
man faAAala hatha bi-alihatinainnahu lamina aththalimeen
Translation
They
said, "Who has done this to our gods? Indeed, he is of the
wrongdoers."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
said, upon returning and seeing what had been done, ‘Who has done this to our
gods? Truly he is an evildoer’, in this regard.
قَالُوا
سَمِعْنَا فَتًى يَذْكُرُهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
samiAAna fatan yathkuruhumyuqalu lahu ibraheem
Translation
They
said, "We heard a young man mention them who is called Abraham."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
said, one to the other: ‘We heard a young man making [ill] mention of them,
deriding them — he is called Abraham’.
قَالُوا فَأْتُوا
بِهِ عَلَىٰ أَعْيُنِ النَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَشْهَدُونَ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
fa/too bihi AAalaaAAyuni annasi laAAallahum yashhadoon
Translation
They
said, "Then bring him before the eyes of the people that they may
testify."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
said, ‘Then bring him before the people’s eyes, that is, openly, that they may
testify’, against him as being the perpetrator.
قَالُوا أَأَنتَ
فَعَلْتَ هَٰذَا بِآلِهَتِنَا يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
aanta faAAalta hatha bi-alihatinaya ibraheem
Translation
They
said, "Have you done this to our gods, O Abraham?"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
said, to him, after he had been brought [before them]: ‘So, is it you (read
a-anta, [either] pronouncing fully the two hamzas; or substituting an alif for
the second one, or not pronouncing it [the second one], and inserting an alif
between the one not pronounced and the other one, or without [this insertion])
who has done this to our gods, O Abraham?’
قَالَ بَلْ
فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ هَٰذَا فَاسْأَلُوهُمْ إِن كَانُوا يَنطِقُونَ
Pronunciation
Qala
bal faAAalahu kabeeruhum hathafas-aloohum in kanoo yantiqoon
Translation
He
said, "Rather, this - the largest of them - did it, so ask them, if they
should [be able to] speak."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, concealing his deed: ‘Rather it was this principal one among them did it.
So question them, about the perpetrator of this, if they can speak!’ (here the
response to the conditional statement precedes [the conditional clause]; in the
preceding clause there is an intimation for them that an idol, acknowledged as
being incapable of action, cannot be a god).
فَرَجَعُوا
إِلَىٰ أَنفُسِهِمْ فَقَالُوا إِنَّكُمْ أَنتُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ
Pronunciation
FarajaAAoo
ila anfusihim faqalooinnakum antumu aththalimoon
Translation
So
they returned to [blaming] themselves and said [to each other], "Indeed,
you are the wrongdoers."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
they turned [thinking] to themselves, in reflection, and they said, to
themselves: ‘Truly it is you who are the evildoers’, for worshipping that which
cannot speak.
ثُمَّ نُكِسُوا عَلَىٰ
رُءُوسِهِمْ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا هَٰؤُلَاءِ يَنطِقُونَ
Pronunciation
Thumma
nukisoo AAala ruoosihim laqadAAalimta ma haola-i yantiqoon
Translation
Then
they reversed themselves, [saying], "You have already known that these do
not speak!"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Then
they were turned, by God, on their heads, that is to say, they were made to
return to their disbelief and said, ‘By God, you are certainly aware that these
[idols] cannot speak’, in other words, how can you thus command us to question
them?
قَالَ
أَفَتَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يَنفَعُكُمْ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَضُرُّكُمْ
Pronunciation
Qala
afataAAbudoona min dooni Allahima la yanfaAAukum shay-an wala yadurrukum
Translation
He
said, "Then do you worship instead of Allah that which does not benefit
you at all or harm you?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
He
said, ‘Do you then worship, besides God, that is, in His place, that which
cannot benefit you in any way, with regard to [granting you] provision and
otherwise, nor harm you?, in any way if you were not to worship it?
أُفٍّ لَّكُمْ
وَلِمَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ ۖ أَفَلَا
تَعْقِلُونَ
Pronunciation
Offin
lakum walima taAAbudoona mindooni Allahi afala taAAqiloon
Translation
Uff
to you and to what you worship instead of Allah . Then will you not use
reason?"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Fie
(read uffin or uffan, with the sense of a verbal noun, meaning ‘a putrid thing
or a vile thing [be]’) on you and what you worship besides God, that is, other
than Him. Do you not comprehend?’, that these idols are not worthy of being
worshipped and are not fit for such [a purpose] — only God, exalted be He, is
worthy of it.
قَالُوا
حَرِّقُوهُ وَانصُرُوا آلِهَتَكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ فَاعِلِينَ
Pronunciation
Qaloo
harriqoohu wansurooalihatakum in kuntum faAAileen
Translation
They
said, "Burn him and support your gods - if you are to act."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
said, ‘Burn him, that is, [burn] Abraham, and stand by your gods, by having him
burnt, if you are to do anything’, in the way of standing by them. Thus they
gathered lots of firewood and lit a fire throughout it. They then tied up
Abraham, placed him in a ballista and had him hurled into the fire. God,
exalted be He, says:
قُلْنَا يَا
نَارُ كُونِي بَرْدًا وَسَلَامًا عَلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
Pronunciation
Qulna
ya naru kooneebardan wasalaman AAala ibraheem
Translation
Allah
said, "O fire, be coolness and safety upon Abraham."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
We
said, ‘O fire! Be coolness and safety for Abraham!’, and so it only consumed
the bonds [with which he had been tied]. Its heat departed, but its luminosity
remained. And by His words wa-salāman, ‘and safety’, Abraham was safe from
(salima) death because of its coolness.
وَأَرَادُوا بِهِ
كَيْدًا فَجَعَلْنَاهُمُ الْأَخْسَرِينَ
Pronunciation
Waaradoo
bihi kaydan fajaAAalnahumual-akhsareen
Translation
And
they intended for him harm, but We made them the greatest losers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
they sought to outwit him, namely, by having him burnt, but We made them the
greater losers, in what they sought.
وَنَجَّيْنَاهُ
وَلُوطًا إِلَى الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي بَارَكْنَا فِيهَا لِلْعَالَمِينَ
Pronunciation
Wanajjaynahu
walootan ilaal-ardi allatee barakna feeha lilAAalameen
Translation
And
We delivered him and Lot to the land which We had blessed for the worlds.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We delivered him, as well as Lot — son of his [Abraham’s] brother Hārān — from
Iraq, [and brought them] to the land which We have blessed for all peoples,
[blessed it] with an abundance of rivers and trees, and this is Syria. Abraham
settled in Palestine, and Lot in the Sinful City (al-mu’tafika, cf. Q. 53:53);
and between the two is [the distance of] a day’s journey.
وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ
إِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ نَافِلَةً ۖ وَكُلًّا
جَعَلْنَا صَالِحِينَ
Pronunciation
Wawahabna
lahu ishaqawayaAAqooba nafilatan wakullan jaAAalna saliheen
Translation
And
We gave him Isaac and Jacob in addition, and all [of them] We made righteous.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We gave him, namely, Abraham — for he had asked for a child, as mentioned in
[sūrat] al-Sāffāt [Q. 37:100] — Isaac, and Jacob as a gift, that is, as
[something] in addition to what was requested; or it means ‘a grandson’; and
each of them, that is, himself and the two born of him, We made righteous, [We
made them] prophets.
وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ
أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ فِعْلَ الْخَيْرَاتِ
وَإِقَامَ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءَ الزَّكَاةِ ۖ وَكَانُوا لَنَا
عَابِدِينَ
Pronunciation
WajaAAalnahum
a-immatan yahdoonabi-amrina waawhayna ilayhim fiAAla alkhayratiwa-iqama
assalati wa-eetaa azzakatiwakanoo lana AAabideen
Translation
And
We made them leaders guiding by Our command. And We inspired to them the doing
of good deeds, establishment of prayer, and giving of zakah; and they were
worshippers of Us.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We made them leaders (read a-immatan pronouncing both hamzas, or substituting
the second one with a yā’), whose example of good [conduct] is followed,
guiding, people, by Our command, to Our religion, and We inspired in them the
performance of good deeds and the maintenance of prayers and the payment of
alms, that is, [We inspired] that these [good deeds] be performed, [prayers] be
maintained, and [alms] be payed by them and by their followers (the [final] hā’
of iqāma has been omitted to soften [the reading]), and they used to worship
Us.
وَلُوطًا آتَيْنَاهُ
حُكْمًا وَعِلْمًا وَنَجَّيْنَاهُ مِنَ الْقَرْيَةِ الَّتِي كَانَت تَّعْمَلُ
الْخَبَائِثَ ۗ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا قَوْمَ سَوْءٍ فَاسِقِينَ
Pronunciation
Walootan
ataynahu hukmanwaAAilman wanajjaynahu mina alqaryati allatee kanattaAAmalu
alkhaba-itha innahum kanoo qawma saw-in fasiqeen
Translation
And
to Lot We gave judgement and knowledge, and We saved him from the city that was
committing wicked deeds. Indeed, they were a people of evil, defiantly
disobedient.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
to Lot We gave judgement, the ability to judge decisively between opposing
parties, and knowledge; and We delivered him from the town which had been
committing, that is, whose inhabitants had been committing, deeds of, vileness,
by way of homosexual intercourse, hazelnut-hurling and bird-games and other
things. Truly they were a folk of evil [people] (saw’ is the verbal noun of
sā’ahu, ‘he harmed him’, the opposite of sarrahu, ‘he delighted him’), immoral.
وَأَدْخَلْنَاهُ
فِي رَحْمَتِنَا ۖ إِنَّهُ مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
Pronunciation
Waadkhalnahu
fee rahmatinainnahu mina assaliheen
Translation
And
We admitted him into Our mercy. Indeed, he was of the righteous.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We admitted him into Our mercy, by Our saving him from his people. He was
indeed one of the righteous.
وَنُوحًا إِذْ
نَادَىٰ مِن قَبْلُ فَاسْتَجَبْنَا لَهُ فَنَجَّيْنَاهُ وَأَهْلَهُ مِنَ الْكَرْبِ
الْعَظِيمِ
Pronunciation
Wanoohan
ith nadamin qablu fastajabna lahu fanajjaynahuwaahlahu mina alkarbi alAAatheem
Translation
And
[mention] Noah, when he called [to Allah ] before [that time], so We responded
to him and saved him and his family from the great flood.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
mention, Noah (what follows [Nūhan] substitutes for it) when he called, when he
supplicated [to God] against his people — with the words My Lord, do not leave
[upon the earth any inhabitant from among the disbelievers] … to the end [of
the verse, Q. 71:26], before, that is, before [the time of] Abraham and Lot.
And We responded to him, and delivered him and his people, who were in the Ark
with him, from the great agony, namely, [from] drowning and his people’s denial
of him.
وَنَصَرْنَاهُ
مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا ۚ إِنَّهُمْ
كَانُوا قَوْمَ سَوْءٍ فَأَغْرَقْنَاهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ
Pronunciation
Wanasarnahu
mina alqawmi allatheenakaththaboo bi-ayatina innahum kanooqawma saw-in
faaghraqnahum ajmaAAeen
Translation
And
We saved him from the people who denied Our signs. Indeed, they were a people
of evil, so We drowned them, all together.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We helped him, We defended him, against the people who denied Our signs, the
ones indicating his Mission, lest they cause him any harm. They were indeed an
evil people, so We drowned them all.
وَدَاوُودَ
وَسُلَيْمَانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمَانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ
الْقَوْمِ وَكُنَّا لِحُكْمِهِمْ شَاهِدِينَ
Pronunciation
Wadawooda
wasulaymana ithyahkumani fee alharthi ith nafashatfeehi ghanamu alqawmi wakunna
lihukmihim shahideen
Translation
And
[mention] David and Solomon, when they judged concerning the field - when the
sheep of a people overran it [at night], and We were witness to their
judgement.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
mention, David and Solomon, that is, [mention] their story (Dāwūda wa-Sulaymāna
is substituted by [the following, idh yahkumāni …]) when they gave judgement
concerning the tillage, a field of crops or a vineyard, when the sheep of a
[certain] people strayed into it, that is, [when these sheep] grazed there at
night, but without a shepherd, because they had escaped; and We were witnesses
to their judgement (li-hukmihim shāhidīna: here the plural person is being used
in the case of a dual). David decreed: to the owner of the tillage belong the
head of the sheep. Solomon decreed: he shall benefit from [the use of] their
milk, offspring and wool until such time as the tillage is restored to its original
state at the hands of the owner [of the sheep], after which he [the owner of
the tillage] should return them [the sheep] to him [their owner].
فَفَهَّمْنَاهَا
سُلَيْمَانَ ۚ وَكُلًّا آتَيْنَا حُكْمًا وَعِلْمًا ۚ وَسَخَّرْنَا
مَعَ دَاوُودَ الْجِبَالَ يُسَبِّحْنَ وَالطَّيْرَ ۚ وَكُنَّا
فَاعِلِينَ
Pronunciation
Fafahhamnaha
sulaymanawakullan atayna hukman waAAilman wasakhkharnamaAAa dawooda aljibala
yusabbihna wattayrawakunna faAAileen
Translation
And
We gave understanding of the case to Solomon, and to each [of them] We gave
judgement and knowledge. And We subjected the mountains to exalt [Us], along
with David and [also] the birds. And We were doing [that].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We gave understanding of this, that is, the judgement, to Solomon. [It is said
that] both of their decisions were [the result of] independent judgement
[exercised by both], and that David consulted Solomon; but it is also said
[that their decisions were] by way of inspiration [from God] — the second
[decision] abrogated the first. And to each, of the twain, We gave judgement,
prophethood, and knowledge, in matters of religion. And We disposed the
mountains to glorify [God] with David, and the birds also, were disposed to
glorify [God] with him, for he [David] had commanded such [glorification on
their part], so that whenever there was a lapse [on his part], he would [be
reminded to] apply himself to the task [of glorifying God] promptly. And We
were [certainly] doers, of this disposing of them to glorify [God] along with
him, even if it should amaze you, that they should [be able to] respond to the
lord David.
وَعَلَّمْنَاهُ
صَنْعَةَ لَبُوسٍ لَّكُمْ لِتُحْصِنَكُم مِّن بَأْسِكُمْ ۖ فَهَلْ أَنتُمْ
شَاكِرُونَ
Pronunciation
WaAAallamnahu
sanAAatalaboosin lakum lituhsinakum min ba/sikum fahal antum shakiroon
Translation
And
We taught him the fashioning of coats of armor to protect you from your [enemy
in] battle. So will you then be grateful?
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We taught him the art of making garments, namely, coats of mail — [which are
called labūs] because they are worn (tulbas). He was the first [human being] to
make them; hitherto there were [only] plates [of armour] — for you, as well as
all mankind, to protect you (read nuhsinakum, [the subject being] ‘God’; or
yuhsinakum, [the subject being] ‘David’; or tuhsinakum, [the subject being]
‘garments’) against your [mutual] violence, your wars against your enemies.
Will you then, O people of Mecca, be thankful?, for My favours, by believing in
the Messenger — in other words, be thankful to Me by [doing] this.
وَلِسُلَيْمَانَ
الرِّيحَ عَاصِفَةً تَجْرِي بِأَمْرِهِ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ الَّتِي بَارَكْنَا فِيهَا
ۚ وَكُنَّا بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Walisulaymana
arreehaAAasifatan tajree bi-amrihi ila al-ardiallatee barakna feeha wakunna
bikullishay-in AAalimeen
Translation
And
to Solomon [We subjected] the wind, blowing forcefully, proceeding by his
command toward the land which We had blessed. And We are ever, of all things,
Knowing.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
We disposed, for Solomon the wind to blow strongly — in another verse it is
[described as being] rukhā’an, ‘to blow softly’ [Q. 38:36]; in other words, [it
is either] blowing violently or gently [respectively], according to what he
[Solomon] wanted — making its way, at his command, to the land which We have
blessed, namely, Syria; and We have knowledge of all things, among them the
fact that God, exalted be He, knew that what He gave to Solomon would prompt
him to be subservient to his Lord, and so God did this in accordance with His
knowledge.
وَمِنَ
الشَّيَاطِينِ مَن يَغُوصُونَ لَهُ وَيَعْمَلُونَ عَمَلًا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ ۖ وَكُنَّا لَهُمْ
حَافِظِينَ
Pronunciation
Wamina
ashshayateeni manyaghoosoona lahu wayaAAmaloona AAamalan doona thalikawakunna
lahum hafitheen
Translation
And
of the devils were those who dived for him and did work other than that. And We
were of them a guardian.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
We disposed, of the devils some that dived for him, plunging into the sea and
bringing out of it jewels for Solomon, and performed tasks other than that,
that is, other than diving, such as building and otherwise. And We were
watchful over them, lest they should spoil what they had made, for whenever
they completed a task before nightfall, they would [invariably] spoil it,
unless they were occupied with some other [task].
وَأَيُّوبَ إِذْ
نَادَىٰ رَبَّهُ أَنِّي مَسَّنِيَ الضُّرُّ وَأَنتَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Waayyooba
ith nadarabbahu annee massaniya addurru waanta arhamuarrahimeen
Translation
And
[mention] Job, when he called to his Lord, "Indeed, adversity has touched
me, and you are the Most Merciful of the merciful."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
mention, Job (Ayyūba, is substituted by [the following, idh nādā rabbahu …])
when he called out to his Lord — after he had been afflicted with the loss of
all of his possessions and children, the laceration of his body, his being
shunned by all except his wife, for a period of thirteen, seventeen, or
eighteen years, as well as [the affliction of enduring] a straitened means of
livelihood — ‘Indeed (read annī because of the implicit yā’ [of the first
person pronoun]) harm, adversity, has befallen me, and You are the Most
Merciful of the merciful’.
فَاسْتَجَبْنَا
لَهُ فَكَشَفْنَا مَا بِهِ مِن ضُرٍّ ۖ وَآتَيْنَاهُ
أَهْلَهُ وَمِثْلَهُم مَّعَهُمْ رَحْمَةً مِّنْ عِندِنَا وَذِكْرَىٰ
لِلْعَابِدِينَ
Pronunciation
Fastajabna
lahu fakashafnama bihi min durrin waataynahu ahlahuwamithlahum maAAahum
rahmatan min AAindina wathikralilAAabideen
Translation
So
We responded to him and removed what afflicted him of adversity. And We gave
him [back] his family and the like thereof with them as mercy from Us and a
reminder for the worshippers [of Allah ].
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
We responded to him, in his call, and removed the harm that had befallen him,
and We gave him [back] his family, his male and female children, by bringing
them back to life — of each sex there were three or seven along with them
[other children] the like of them, from his wife, for she was made younger. He
had also possessed a threshing floor for wheat and another for barley, so God
sent two clouds and one of them poured forth gold onto the wheat threshing
floor and the other poured forth silver onto the barley threshing floor, until
they overflowed; as a mercy (rahmatan, a direct object denoting reason) from Us
(min ‘indinā, an adjectival phrase) and a reminder to worshippers, that they be
patient and thus be rewarded [by God].
وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ
وَإِدْرِيسَ وَذَا الْكِفْلِ ۖ كُلٌّ مِّنَ
الصَّابِرِينَ
Pronunciation
Wa-ismaAAeela
wa-idreesa wathaalkifli kullun mina assabireen
Translation
And
[mention] Ishmael and Idrees and Dhul-Kifl; all were of the patient.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
mention, Ishmael and Idrīs and Dhū’l-Kifl — all were of the patient, in
[maintaining] obedience to God and staying away from acts of disobedience to
Him.
وَأَدْخَلْنَاهُمْ
فِي رَحْمَتِنَا ۖ إِنَّهُم مِّنَ الصَّالِحِينَ
Pronunciation
Waadkhalnahum
fee rahmatinainnahum mina assaliheen
Translation
And
We admitted them into Our mercy. Indeed, they were of the righteous.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
We admitted them into Our mercy, through [granting them] prophethood. Indeed
they were among the worthy, of it. Dhū’l-Kifl was so called because he
undertook (takaffala) to fast every day and stay up every night in prayer, and
to pass judgement between people without succumbing to anger, and fulfilled
this [undertaking]. It is also said, however, that he was not a prophet.
وَذَا النُّونِ
إِذ ذَّهَبَ مُغَاضِبًا فَظَنَّ أَن لَّن نَّقْدِرَ عَلَيْهِ فَنَادَىٰ فِي
الظُّلُمَاتِ أَن لَّا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا أَنتَ سُبْحَانَكَ إِنِّي كُنتُ مِنَ
الظَّالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Watha
annooni ith thahabamughadiban fathanna an lan naqdira AAalayhifanada fee
aththulumatian la ilaha illa anta subhanaka inneekuntu mina aththalimeen
Translation
And
[mention] the man of the fish, when he went off in anger and thought that We
would not decree [anything] upon him. And he called out within the darknesses,
"There is no deity except You; exalted are You. Indeed, I have been of the
wrongdoers."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
mention, Dhū’l-Nūn, the one of the whale, namely, Jonah son of Amittai (Yūnus
bin Mattā) when he went off enraged ([Dhā’l-Nūn] is substituted by [the clause
idh dhahaba mughādiban]) by his people, that is, furious with them because of
what he had suffered at their hands — even though he had not been granted permission
[by God to go off as he did] — thinking that We had no power over him, that is,
that We could [not] compel him to [submit to] Our decree in the way that We did
by imprisoning him inside the stomach of the whale; or that We could [not] make
circumstances difficult for him. Then he cried out in the darknesses, [through]
the darkness of the night, the darkness of the sea and the darkness of the
whale’s stomach, that: ‘There is no god except You! Glory be to You! I have
indeed been one of the wrongdoers’, for leaving my people without [Your]
permission.
فَاسْتَجَبْنَا
لَهُ وَنَجَّيْنَاهُ مِنَ الْغَمِّ ۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ
نُنجِي الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
Pronunciation
Fastajabna
lahu wanajjaynahumina alghammi wakathalika nunjee almu/mineen
Translation
So
We responded to him and saved him from the distress. And thus do We save the
believers.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
We responded to him and delivered him from the distress, by [means of] those
words, and thus, in the same way that We delivered him, We deliver the
believers, from their anguish when they call out to Us seeking succour.
وَزَكَرِيَّا
إِذْ نَادَىٰ رَبَّهُ رَبِّ لَا تَذَرْنِي فَرْدًا وَأَنتَ خَيْرُ الْوَارِثِينَ
Pronunciation
Wazakariyya
ith nadarabbahu rabbi la tatharnee fardan waanta khayru alwaritheen
Translation
And
[mention] Zechariah, when he called to his Lord, "My Lord, do not leave me
alone [with no heir], while you are the best of inheritors."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
mention, Zachariah (Zakariyyā, is substituted by [the following, idh nādā
rabbahu …]) when he cried out to his Lord, saying: ‘My Lord, do not leave me
without an heir, without a son to inherit from me, and You are the best of
inheritors’, the One that endures after all of your creation has perished.
فَاسْتَجَبْنَا
لَهُ وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ يَحْيَىٰ وَأَصْلَحْنَا لَهُ زَوْجَهُ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ
كَانُوا يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ وَيَدْعُونَنَا رَغَبًا وَرَهَبًا ۖ وَكَانُوا لَنَا
خَاشِعِينَ
Pronunciation
Fastajabna
lahu wawahabnalahu yahya waaslahna lahuzawjahu innahum kanoo yusariAAoona fee
alkhayratiwayadAAoonana raghaban warahaban wakanoo lanakhashiAAeen
Translation
So
We responded to him, and We gave to him John, and amended for him his wife.
Indeed, they used to hasten to good deeds and supplicate Us in hope and fear,
and they were to Us humbly submissive.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
So
We responded to him, in his call, and gave him John, as a son, and We restored
[fertility to] his wife for him, and so she bore a child, having been barren.
Truly they, those prophets that have been mentioned, would hasten to, [they
would] hurry [to perform], good works, [namely] acts of obedience, and
supplicate Us out of desire, for Our mercy, and in awe, of Our chastisement,
and they were submissive before Us, humble in their worship.
وَالَّتِي
أَحْصَنَتْ فَرْجَهَا فَنَفَخْنَا فِيهَا مِن رُّوحِنَا وَجَعَلْنَاهَا وَابْنَهَا
آيَةً لِّلْعَالَمِينَ
Pronunciation
Wallatee
ahsanat farjahafanafakhna feeha min roohinawajaAAalnaha wabnaha
ayatanlilAAalameen
Translation
And
[mention] the one who guarded her chastity, so We blew into her [garment]
through Our angel [Gabriel], and We made her and her son a sign for the worlds.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And,
mention Mary, the one who guarded her virginity, [the one who] preserved it
from being taken, so We breathed into her of Our spirit, namely, Gabriel, when
he breathed into the opening of her garment and she conceived Jesus. And We
made her and her son a sign for all the worlds, that is, [for] mankind, jinn
and angels, because she bore him without [having] a male [partner].
إِنَّ هَٰذِهِ
أُمَّتُكُمْ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَأَنَا رَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُونِ
Pronunciation
Inna
hathihi ommatukum ommatan wahidatanwaana rabbukum faoAAbudoon
Translation
Indeed
this, your religion, is one religion, and I am your Lord, so worship Me.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
‘Truly
this, creed of Islam, is your community, your religion, O you who are being
addressed — in other words, you must adhere to it as, one community, [this
being] a necessary state [of affairs], and I am your Lord, so worship Me’,
affirm My Oneness.
وَتَقَطَّعُوا
أَمْرَهُم بَيْنَهُمْ ۖ كُلٌّ إِلَيْنَا
رَاجِعُونَ
Pronunciation
WataqattaAAoo
amrahum baynahum kullunilayna rajiAAoon
Translation
And
[yet] they divided their affair among themselves, [but] all to Us will return.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But
they, that is to say, some of those being addressed, fragmented their affair
among themselves, that is, they became divided in the matter of their religion,
and at variance over it — these are the [different] sects of the Jews and the
Christians. God, exalted be He, says: All shall return to Us, and We will
requite each according to his deeds.
فَمَن يَعْمَلْ
مِنَ الصَّالِحَاتِ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَا كُفْرَانَ لِسَعْيِهِ وَإِنَّا لَهُ
كَاتِبُونَ
Pronunciation
Faman
yaAAmal mina assalihatiwahuwa mu/minun fala kufrana lisaAAyihi wa-innalahu
katiboon
Translation
So
whoever does righteous deeds while he is a believer - no denial will there be
for his effort, and indeed We, of it, are recorders.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
whoever performs righteous deeds, being a believer — no rejection, that is, no
denial, will there be of his endeavour, and We will indeed write it down for
him, by commanding the guardian angels to record it and then We requite him for
it.
وَحَرَامٌ عَلَىٰ
قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَاهَا أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَرْجِعُونَ
Pronunciation
Waharamun
AAalaqaryatin ahlaknaha annahum la yarjiAAoon
Translation
And
there is prohibition upon [the people of] a city which We have destroyed that
they will [ever] return
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
It
is forbidden for any town, meaning [it is forbidden for] its people, which We
have destroyed that they should (lā yarji‘ūna: the lā is extra) return, that
is, their return to this world is prohibited.
حَتَّىٰ إِذَا
فُتِحَتْ يَأْجُوجُ وَمَأْجُوجُ وَهُم مِّن كُلِّ حَدَبٍ يَنسِلُونَ
Pronunciation
Hatta
itha futihatya/jooju wama/jooju wahum min kulli hadabin yansiloon
Translation
Until
when [the dam of] Gog and Magog has been opened and they, from every elevation,
descend
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Until
(hattā, [a particle] expressing the end of the prohibition of their return)
when Gog and Magog (read Ya’jūju wa-Ma’jūju or Yājūju wa-Mājūju, [these are]
non-Arabic names of two tribes; there is an implicit genitive annexation before
this clause, namely, the [gates of the] sadd, ‘the barrier’, [built] against
them) are let loose (read futihat or futtihat) — and this will happen near the
[time of the] Resurrection — and they slide down, they hasten, from every
slope, [every] highland.
وَاقْتَرَبَ
الْوَعْدُ الْحَقُّ فَإِذَا هِيَ شَاخِصَةٌ أَبْصَارُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يَا
وَيْلَنَا قَدْ كُنَّا فِي غَفْلَةٍ مِّنْ هَٰذَا بَلْ كُنَّا ظَالِمِينَ
Pronunciation
Waqtaraba
alwaAAdu alhaqqufa-itha hiya shakhisatun absaru allatheenakafaroo ya waylana
qad kunna fee ghaflatinmin hatha bal kunna thalimeen
Translation
And
[when] the true promise has approached; then suddenly the eyes of those who
disbelieved will be staring [in horror, while they say], "O woe to us; we
had been unmindful of this; rather, we were wrongdoers."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
And
the true promise, that is, the Day of Resurrection, draws near and behold,
when, the gaze of the disbelievers will be fixed, on that Day, because of its
severity, saying: ‘O (yā is for exclamation) woe to us!, [this is] our
destruction! Verily, in the [life of the] world, we were oblivious to this,
Day. Nay, but we were doing wrong’, to our souls by our denial of the
messengers.
إِنَّكُمْ وَمَا
تَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ حَصَبُ جَهَنَّمَ أَنتُمْ لَهَا وَارِدُونَ
Pronunciation
Innakum
wama taAAbudoona min dooniAllahi hasabu jahannama antum laha waridoon
Translation
Indeed,
you [disbelievers] and what you worship other than Allah are the firewood of
Hell. You will be coming to [enter] it.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
‘Truly
you, O people of Mecca, and what you worship besides God, that is, other than
Him, in the way of graven images, shall be fuel for Hell, [you shall be] its
fodder; and you shall come to it’, [you shall] enter it.
لَوْ كَانَ
هَٰؤُلَاءِ آلِهَةً مَّا وَرَدُوهَا ۖ وَكُلٌّ فِيهَا
خَالِدُونَ
Pronunciation
Law
kana haola-i alihatanma waradooha wakullun feeha khalidoon
Translation
Had
these [false deities] been [actual] gods, they would not have come to it, but
all are eternal therein.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Had
these, graven images, been gods, as you claim, they would never have come to
it, [they would never have] entered it, and they will all, both the worshippers
and the worshipped, abide therein.
لَهُمْ فِيهَا
زَفِيرٌ وَهُمْ فِيهَا لَا يَسْمَعُونَ
Pronunciation
Lahum
feeha zafeerun wahum feehala yasmaAAoon
Translation
For
them therein is heavy sighing, and they therein will not hear.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
For
them, for the worshippers, there will be groaning therein and they will not hear
in it, anything, because of the ferocity with which it boils. When [‘Abd Allāh]
Ibn al-Ziba‘rī said, ‘Ezra, Jesus and the angels were worshipped: they must
also be in the Fire then, according to what has just been stated’, the
following was revealed:
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ
سَبَقَتْ لَهُم مِّنَّا الْحُسْنَىٰ أُولَٰئِكَ عَنْهَا مُبْعَدُونَ
Pronunciation
Inna
allatheena sabaqat lahum minnaalhusna ola-ika AAanha mubAAadoon
Translation
Indeed,
those for whom the best [reward] has preceded from Us - they are from it far
removed.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Indeed
those to whom [the promise of] the best reward, the [best] status, went
beforehand from Us, and among such are those who have just been mentioned: they
will be kept away from it.
لَا يَسْمَعُونَ
حَسِيسَهَا ۖ وَهُمْ فِي مَا اشْتَهَتْ أَنفُسُهُمْ
خَالِدُونَ
Pronunciation
La
yasmaAAoona haseesahawahum fee ma ishtahat anfusuhum khalidoon
Translation
They
will not hear its sound, while they are, in that which their souls desire,
abiding eternally.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
They
will not hear the faintest sound from it and they will abide in what their
souls desired, of bliss.
لَا يَحْزُنُهُمُ
الْفَزَعُ الْأَكْبَرُ وَتَتَلَقَّاهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ هَٰذَا يَوْمُكُمُ الَّذِي
كُنتُمْ تُوعَدُونَ
Pronunciation
La
yahzunuhumu alfazaAAual-akbaru watatalaqqahumu almala-ikatu hathayawmukumu
allathee kuntum tooAAadoon
Translation
They
will not be grieved by the greatest terror, and the angels will meet them,
[saying], "This is your Day which you have been promised" -
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
Supreme Terror — which is that a servant be ordered off to the Fire, shall not
grieve them, and the angels shall receive them, upon their exiting from their
graves, saying to them: ‘This is your day, the one which you were promised’,
during the [life of the] world.
يَوْمَ نَطْوِي
السَّمَاءَ كَطَيِّ السِّجِلِّ لِلْكُتُبِ ۚ كَمَا بَدَأْنَا
أَوَّلَ خَلْقٍ نُّعِيدُهُ ۚ وَعْدًا
عَلَيْنَا ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا فَاعِلِينَ
Pronunciation
Yawma
natwee assamaakatayyi assijlli lilkutubi kama bada/naawwala khalqin nuAAeeduhu
waAAdan AAalayna innakunna faAAileen
Translation
The
Day when We will fold the heaven like the folding of a [written] sheet for the
records. As We began the first creation, We will repeat it. [That is] a promise
binding upon Us. Indeed, We will do it.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
The
day (yawma is in the accusative because of an implied preceding udhkur,
‘mention’) when We shall roll up the heaven as the Scribe, [al-sijill being]
the name of an angel, rolls up the written scroll, that is, the scroll of the
son of Adam when he dies (the lām [of li’l-kitāb] is extra; alternatively, [one
may read the verse so that] al-sijill is ‘the scroll’, and al-kitāb means
al-maktūb ‘what is written’, in which case the lām [of li’l-kitāb] has the
sense of [the particle] ‘alā, ‘over’; a variant reading [for li’l-kitāb] has
the plural, li’l-kutub, ‘the books’). As We began the first creation, from
non-existence, We shall repeat it, after making it non-existent (the kāf [of
ka-mā, ‘as’] is semantically connected to nu‘īdu, ‘We shall repeat [it]’, and
its [suffixed] pronoun [-hu, ‘it’] refers back to awwala, ‘the first’; the mā
relates to the verbal noun) — a promise binding on Us (wa‘dan is in the
accusative because [it is the direct object] of an implied preceding wa‘adnā,
‘We promised’, and [the clause] constitutes a confirmation of the import of the
preceding [verse, 103]). Truly We shall do [that], which We have promised.
وَلَقَدْ
كَتَبْنَا فِي الزَّبُورِ مِن بَعْدِ الذِّكْرِ أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ يَرِثُهَا
عِبَادِيَ الصَّالِحُونَ
Pronunciation
Walaqad
katabna fee azzaboorimin baAAdi aththikri anna al-arda yarithuhaAAibadiya
assalihoon
Translation
And
We have already written in the book [of Psalms] after the [previous] mention
that the land [of Paradise] is inherited by My righteous servants.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Certainly
We wrote in the Scripture, (al-zabūr) means ‘the Book’, that is, the revealed
Books of God, after the Remembrance, meaning the Mother of the Book (umm
al-kitāb), which is [kept] with God: ‘Indeed the land, the land of Paradise, shall
be inherited by My righteous servants’ — [this promise] applies to all
righteous ones.
إِنَّ فِي هَٰذَا
لَبَلَاغًا لِّقَوْمٍ عَابِدِينَ
Pronunciation
Inna
fee hatha labalaghanliqawmin AAabideen
Translation
Indeed,
in this [Qur'an] is notification for a worshipping people.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Indeed
there is in this, Qur’ān, a proclamation, sufficient means for [securing] entry
into Paradise, for a people who are devout, acting in accordance with [what is
stipulated in] it.
وَمَا
أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِّلْعَالَمِينَ
Pronunciation
Wama
arsalnaka illa rahmatanlilAAalameen
Translation
And
We have not sent you, [O Muhammad], except as a mercy to the worlds.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
We
did not send you, O Muhammad (s), except as a mercy, that is, to [give] mercy,
to all the worlds, [the worlds of] mankind and jinn through you.
قُلْ إِنَّمَا
يُوحَىٰ إِلَيَّ أَنَّمَا إِلَٰهُكُمْ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ ۖ فَهَلْ أَنتُم
مُّسْلِمُونَ
Pronunciation
Qul
innama yooha ilayya annamailahukum ilahun wahidun fahal antummuslimoon
Translation
Say,
"It is only revealed to me that your god is but one God; so will you be
Muslims [in submission to Him]?"
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say:
‘All that is being revealed to me is that your God is One God, that is, the
only thing that is being revealed to me with respect to the Divine is His
Oneness. So will you submit?’, [will you] accede to [affirming] the Oneness of
the Divine that is being revealed to me? (the interrogative is meant as an
imperative).
فَإِن تَوَلَّوْا
فَقُلْ آذَنتُكُمْ عَلَىٰ سَوَاءٍ ۖ وَإِنْ أَدْرِي
أَقَرِيبٌ أَم بَعِيدٌ مَّا تُوعَدُونَ
Pronunciation
Fa-in
tawallaw faqul athantukum AAalasawa-in wa-in adree aqareebun am baAAeedun
matooAAadoon
Translation
But
if they turn away, then say, "I have announced to [all of] you equally.
And I know not whether near or far is that which you are promised.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
But
if they turn away, from this, say: ‘I have proclaimed to you, I have notified
you of [my declaration of] war [on you], all alike (‘alā sawā’ is a
circumstantial qualifier referring to both the subject of the verb and the object)
that is to say, you are [all] equal in having knowledge of this: I shall not
proceed independently without [having first informed] you, in order for you to
make preparations, although I do not know whether near or far is that which you
have been promised’, with respect to chastisement, or to the [Day of]
Resurrection that comprises this [chastisement]; only God knows it.
إِنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ
الْجَهْرَ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا تَكْتُمُونَ
Pronunciation
Innahu
yaAAlamu aljahra mina alqawliwayaAAlamu ma taktumoon
Translation
Indeed,
He knows what is declared of speech, and He knows what you conceal.
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Indeed
He, exalted be He, knows whatever is spoken aloud, and what you and others do,
and He knows what you conceal, both you and others, of secrets.
وَإِنْ أَدْرِي
لَعَلَّهُ فِتْنَةٌ لَّكُمْ وَمَتَاعٌ إِلَىٰ حِينٍ
Pronunciation
Wa-in
adree laAAallahu fitnatun lakum wamataAAunila heen
Translation
And
I know not; perhaps it is a trial for you and enjoyment for a time."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
I
do not know; perhaps that, which I have notified you of, but whose time is not
known, may be a trial, a test, for you, to see how you will act, and an enjoyment
for a while, that is, until your terms of life are concluded (this [second]
clause [wa-matā‘un, ‘and an enjoyment’] counters the former, which is the
object of the optative expressed by [the particle] la‘alla, ‘perhaps’; the
second [clause] cannot be an optative).
قَالَ رَبِّ
احْكُم بِالْحَقِّ ۗ وَرَبُّنَا الرَّحْمَٰنُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَىٰ
مَا تَصِفُونَ
Pronunciation
Qala
rabbi ohkum bilhaqqiwarabbuna arrahmanu almustaAAanuAAala ma tasifoon
Translation
[The
Prophet] has said, "My Lord, judge [between us] in truth. And our Lord is
the Most Merciful, the one whose help is sought against that which you
describe."
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Say
(qul, a variant reading has qāla, ‘He said’): ‘My Lord! Judge, between me and
my deniers, with truth, by [assigning] chastisement for them or victory [for
me] over them. And so they were chastised at [the battles of] Badr, Uhud,
Hunayn, al-Ahzāb and al-Khandaq and he [the Prophet] was given victory over
them. And our Lord is the Compassionate One, Whose help is to be sought against
what you allege’, when you invent lies against God, saying that ‘[God] has
taken a son’ [cf. Q. 2:116]; and against me, when you say, ‘[he is] a sorcerer’
[cf. Q. 38:4], or against the Qur’ān, when you say, ‘[it is] poetry’ [cf. Q.
52:30].
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